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Silverdale

Formation	Silverdale
Member(s)	Barrandella Shale Bowspring Limestone Hume Limestone
Age:	28.1 - 23.0 Ma Cenozoic
Interval	Chattian
Number of Collections	5
Number of Occurrences	10

Recorded Sample Locations

Location	Region	Stratigraphic Name
Barrandina-Atrypoidea-Spirinella Comm.	New South Wales, Australia	Silverdale - Barrandella Shale
Aegiria-Alveolitid Community	New South Wales, Australia	Silverdale - Bowspring Limestone
UNCW Loc. Z-729 - Croatian National Forest [Silverdale Fm]	Jones County, North Carolina, USA	Silverdale
UNCW Loc. Z-957 - Silverdale Marl Company quarry [Silverdale Fm]	Onslow County, North Carolina, USA	Silverdale
Silverdale Marl Quarry	Onslow County, North Carolina, USA	Silverdale

Associated Units

Stratigraphic Name	Age	Lithology	Occurrence Records
Belgrade - Haywood Landing	28.4 - 23.0 Ma Cenozoic	sandstone	128
Black Bog	426 - 423 Ma Silurian	siltstone	9
Black Bog - Yarwood Siltstone	426 - 423 Ma Silurian	siltstone/sandstone	65
Elmside	416 - 412 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	bindstone	17
Rosebank Shale - Rainbow Hill Marl	426 - 423 Ma Silurian	siltstone/marl, mudstone	19
Silverdale - Barrandella Shale	427 - 426 Ma Silurian	mudstone/siltstone	43
Silverdale - Bowspring Limestone	427 - 426 Ma Silurian	limestone	16
Silverdale - Hume Limestone	427 - 426 Ma Silurian	grainstone/lime mudstone	28
Taemas - Receptaculites limestone	408 - 393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	limestone	22
Walker Volcanics	433 - 427 Ma Silurian	mudstone	64
Yanawe - Euralie Limestone	427 - 426 Ma Silurian	limestone	2
Yass - Cliftonwood Limestone	427 - 426 Ma Silurian	limestone/mudstone, "limestone"	26
Murrumbidgee - Cavan	408 - 393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	sandstone/siltstone	14
Murrumbidgee - Taemas	408 - 393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	grainstone/lime mudstone, lime mudstone/grainstone	89

Recorded Fossils

Accepted Name	Type	Hierarchy	Age
Amphibalanus halosydne species	7	Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Amphibalanus : *Amphibalanus halosydne*	28.1 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Ostracoda class	3	Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Trilobita class	3	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Ceratocephala sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Lichida : Odontopleuridae : *Ceratocephala*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Sthenarocalymene sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calymenidae : *Sthenarocalymene*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Crotalocephalus sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Cheiruridae : *Crotalocephalus*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Batocara sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Encrinuridae : *Batocara*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Pacificurus mitchelli species	7	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Encrinuridae : Batocara : *Pacificurus mitchelli*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Prantlia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Proetida : Proetidae : *Prantlia*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Coelospira sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Athyridida : Anoplothecidae : *Coelospira*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Retziella sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Retziellidae : *Retziella*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Atrypa reticularis species	7	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Atrypidae : Atrypa : *Atrypa reticularis*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Spirigerina sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Atrypinidae : *Spirigerina*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Atrypoidea australis species	7	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Lissatrypidae : Atrypoidea : *Atrypoidea australis*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Reticulatrypa sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Punctatrypidae : *Reticulatrypa*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Dicoelosia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Dicoelosiidae : *Dicoelosia*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Salopina sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Draboviidae : *Salopina*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Pentamerida order	4	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Barrandina sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Clorindidae : *Barrandina*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Striispirifer plicatellus species	7	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Cyrtiidae : Striispirifer : *Striispirifer plicatellus*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Howellella sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Delthyrididae : *Howellella*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Spirinella caecistriata species	7	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Reticulariidae : Spirinella : *Spirinella caecistriata*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Spirifer sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Spiriferidae : *Spirifer*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Chonetes sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Chonetidae : *Chonetes*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Aegiria sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Sowerbyellidae : *Aegiria*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Leptaena sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Rafinesquinidae : *Leptaena*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Stropheodontidae family	5	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Stropheodontidae	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Strophomena (Strophodonta) sp. subgenus	6.3	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Strophomenida : Strophodontidae : *Strophomena (Strophodonta)*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Bryozoa phylum	2	Animalia : Bryozoa	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Fenestella sp. genus	6	Animalia : Bryozoa : Stenolaemata : Fenestrida : Fenestellidae : *Fenestella*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Cystiphyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Cystiphyllidae : *Cystiphyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Rhizophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Goniophyllidae : *Rhizophyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Holmophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Holmophyllidae : *Holmophyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Aphyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Tryplasmatidae : *Aphyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Tryplasma sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Tryplasmatidae : *Tryplasma*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Favosites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : *Favosites*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Favosites gothlandicus species	7	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : Favosites : *Favosites gothlandicus*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Heliolites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Heliolitidae : *Heliolites*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Pseudoplasmopora sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pseudoplasmoporidae : *Pseudoplasmopora*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Idiophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Stauriida : Arachnophyllidae : *Idiophyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Zenophila sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Arachnophyllidae : *Zenophila*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Zelolasma sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Disphyllidae : *Zelolasma*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Yassia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Endophyllidae : *Yassia*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Entelophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Entelophyllidae : *Entelophyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Phaulactis sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Lykophyllidae : *Phaulactis*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Mucophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Mucophyllidae : *Mucophyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Australophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Ptenophyllidae : *Australophyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Toquimaphyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Ptenophyllidae : *Toquimaphyllum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Pycnostylus sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pycnostylidae : *Pycnostylus*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Blastozoa subphylum	2.3	Animalia : Echinodermata : Blastozoa	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Pisocrinus sp. genus	6	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Pisocrinidae : *Pisocrinus*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Nautiloidea subclass	3.3	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautiloidea	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Axelella vokesae species	7	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Cancellariidae : Axelella : *Axelella vokesae*	28.4 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Dermomurex (Viator) sexangulus species	7	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Dermomurex : *Dermomurex (Viator) sexangulus*	28.4 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Phyllonotus sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : *Phyllonotus*	28.4 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Pterynotus (Purpurellus) repetiti species	7	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Purpurellus : *Pterynotus (Purpurellus) repetiti*	28.4 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Typhis (Rugotyphis) harrisi species	7	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Neogastropoda : Muricidae : Typhis : *Typhis (Rugotyphis) harrisi*	28.4 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta species	7	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Calyptraeidae : Trochita : *Calyptraea (Trochita) aperta*	28.4 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Calyptraea (Trochita) crenata species	7	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Calyptraeidae : Trochita : *Calyptraea (Trochita) crenata*	28.4 - 23.03 Ma Cenozoic
Stromatoporoidea class	3	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Pycnodictyon sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Actinostromatida : Densastromatidae : *Pycnodictyon*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Plumatalinia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Actinostromatida : Pseudolabechiidae : *Plumatalinia*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Actinodictyon sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Clathrodictyida : Actinodictyidae : *Actinodictyon*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Plexodictyon sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Clathrodictyida : Actinodictyidae : *Plexodictyon*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Intexodictyon perplexum species	7	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Clathrodictyida : Atelodictyidae : Intexodictyon : *Intexodictyon perplexum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Clathrodictyon sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Clathrodictyidae : *Clathrodictyon*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Clathrodictyon delicatulum species	7	Animalia : Porifera : Clathrodictyidae : Clathrodictyon : *Clathrodictyon delicatulum*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Anostylostroma sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Clathrodictyida : Tienodictyidae : *Anostylostroma*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Rosenella dentata species	7	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Labechiida : Rosenellidae : Rosenella : *Rosenella dentata*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Diplostroma sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : *Diplostroma*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian
Parallelostroma sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Syringostromatida : Coenostromatidae : *Parallelostroma*	427.4 - 425.6 Ma Silurian

References

Gertman R. L. (1969) Cenozoic Typhinae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Western Atlantic region, Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 7 4, 143-192

Petit R. E. (1970) Notes on Cancellariidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) - II, Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 8 1, 83-88

Vokes E. H. (1970) Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region. Part V - Pterynotus and Poirieria, Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 8 1, 1-50

Vokes E. H. (1975) Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region. Part VI - Aspella and Dermomurex, Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 11 3, 121-162

Vokes E. H. (1975) Notes on the fauna of the Chipola Formation - XVIII. Some new or otherwise interesting members of the Calyptraeidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda), Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 11 1-2, 163-172

McLean R. A. (1976) Aspects of the Silurian rugose coral fauna of the Yass region, New South Wales, Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 100 3, 179-194

Birkhead P. K. (1978) Some stromatoporoids from the Bowspring Limestone Member (Ludlovian) and Elmside Formation (Gedinnian), Yass area, New South Wales, Records of the Geological Survey of New South Wales 18 2, 155-168

Vokes E. H. (1990) Cenozoic Muricidae of the western Atlantic region, Part VIII - Murex ss, Haustellum, Chicoreus, and Hexaplex; additions and corrections, Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 23 1-3, 1-96

Zullo V. A., Katuna M. P., et al (1992) Scapellomorph and balanomorph barnacles (Cirripedia) from the upper Oligocene Ashley Formation, Charleston County, South Carolina, South Carolina Geology 34 1 & 2, 57-67

Strusz D. L., Garratt M. J. (1999) Australian communities, Paleocommunities - a case study from the Silurian and Lower Devonian, 177-199

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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