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Ningqiang, China

Formation	Ningqiang
Member(s)	Yangpowan
Age:	433 - 427 Ma Silurian
Interval	Telychian
Lithology	framestone, "shale"/"limestone", "limestone"
Number of Collections	13
Number of Occurrences	140

Recorded Sample Locations

Location	Region	Stratigraphic Name
Dashiyan Reef	Chaotian District, Guangyuan, Sichuan, China	Ningqiang
Shijiaoshan Reef	Chaotian District, Guangyuan, Sichuan, China	Ningqiang
Qinglingdiwan Reef	Chaotian District, Guangyuan, Sichuan, China	Ningqiang
Yushitan Reef	Ningqiang County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China	Ningqiang
Shizuizigou Reef	Ningqiang County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China	Ningqiang
Dapingding Reef	Ningqiang County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China	Ningqiang
Huashito Reef	Chaotian District, Guangyuan, Sichuan, China	Ningqiang
Lower Ningqiang Formation at Dazhuba near Ningqiang County	Ningqiang County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China	Ningqiang
Wangjiawan	Mian County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China	Ningqiang - Yangpowan
Guangyuan	Lizhou District, Guangyuan, Sichuan, China	Ningqiang
Ningqiang	Ningqiang County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China	Ningqiang
Yushitan	Ningqiang County, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China	Ningqiang - Yangpowan

Associated Units

Stratigraphic Name	Age	Lithology	Occurrence Records
Ningqiang - Yangpowan	439 - 433 Ma Silurian	shale/"reef rocks"	6
Pagoda	461 - 450 Ma Ordovician	limestone, lime mudstone	44
Yangpowan	439 - 433 Ma Silurian	limestone	1

Recorded Fossils

Accepted Name	Type	Hierarchy	Age
Punctacheilinella sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Pachydomellidae : *Punctacheilinella*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Punctacheilinella macropunctata species	7	Animalia : Arthropoda : Ostracoda : Podocopida : Pachydomellidae : Punctacheilinella : *Punctacheilinella macropunctata*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Kosovopeltis sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Corynexochida : Styginidae : *Kosovopeltis*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Sthenarocalymene sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Calymenidae : *Sthenarocalymene*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Kailia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Arthropoda : Trilobita : Phacopida : Encrinuridae : *Kailia*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Nalivkinia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Atrypinidae : *Nalivkinia*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Atrypoidea sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Lissatrypidae : *Atrypoidea*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Septatrypa sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Atrypida : Lissatrypidae : *Septatrypa*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Salopina sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Draboviidae : *Salopina*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Harpidium (Isovella) sp. subgenus	6.3	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Pentamerida : Pentameridae : *Harpidium (Isovella)*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Striispirifer sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Cyrtiidae : *Striispirifer*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Valdaria sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Orthotetida : Chilidiopsidae : *Valdaria*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Spinochonetes sp. genus	6	Animalia : Brachiopoda : Strophomenata : Productida : Strophochonetidae : *Spinochonetes*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Anthozoa class	3	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Rugosa subclass	3.3	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Rugosa	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Fletcheriella sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Fletcheriellidae : *Fletcheriella*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Multithecopora sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Multithecoporidae : *Multithecopora*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Syringopora sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : *Syringopora*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Cystiphyllum (Gyalophyllum) sp. subgenus	6.3	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Cystiphyllida : Cystiphyllidae : Cystiphyllum : *Cystiphyllum (Gyalophyllum)*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Microplasma sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Cystiphyllidae : *Microplasma*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Rhizophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Goniophyllidae : *Rhizophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Holmophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Holmophyllidae : *Holmophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Aphyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Tryplasmatidae : *Aphyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Tryplasma sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Tryplasmatidae : *Tryplasma*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Somphopora sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Agetolitidae : *Somphopora*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Subalveolites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Alveolitidae : *Subalveolites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Subalveolites eichwaldi species	7	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Alveolitidae : Subalveolites : *Subalveolites eichwaldi*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Riphaeolites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Cleistoporidae : *Riphaeolites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Coenites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Coenitidae : *Coenites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Favosites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : *Favosites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Mesofavosites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : *Mesofavosites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Mesosolenia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Multisoleniidae : *Mesosolenia*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Multisolenia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Multisoleniidae : *Multisolenia*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Multisolenia tortuosa species	7	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Multisoleniidae : Multisolenia : *Multisolenia tortuosa*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Falsicatenipora sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Halysitidae : *Falsicatenipora*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Halysites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Favositidae : *Halysites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Schedohalysites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Halysitidae : *Schedohalysites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Heliolites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Heliolitidae : *Heliolites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Ningqiangolites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Heliolitidae : *Ningqiangolites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Innapora sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : *Innapora*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Propora sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Heliolitida : Proporidae : *Propora*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Amplexoides sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Amplexidae : *Amplexoides*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Idiophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Stauriida : Arachnophyllidae : *Idiophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Entelophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Entelophyllidae : *Entelophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Nanshanophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Entelophyllidae : *Nanshanophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Shensiphyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Entelophyllidae : *Shensiphyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Miculiella sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Expressophyllidae : *Miculiella*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Dokophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Ketophyllidae : *Dokophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Tabularia sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Ketophyllidae : *Tabularia*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Kodonophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Kodonophyllidae : *Kodonophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Pilophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Kyphophyllidae : *Pilophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Strombodes sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Chonophyllidae : *Strombodes*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Mucophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Mucophyllidae : *Mucophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Pseudamplexus sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Mycophyllidae : *Pseudamplexus*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Protopilophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pycnostylidae : *Protopilophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Zelophyllum sp. genus	6	Animalia : Cnidaria : Anthozoa : Pycnostylidae : *Zelophyllum*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Crinoidea class	3	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Dazhucrinus sp. genus	6	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : *Dazhucrinus*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Pisocrinus sp. genus	6	Animalia : Echinodermata : Crinoidea : Pisocrinidae : *Pisocrinus*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Monograptus sp. genus	6	Animalia : Hemichordata : Pterobranchia : Monograptidae : *Monograptus*	433.4 - 427.4 Ma Silurian
Monograptus priodon species	7	Animalia : Hemichordata : Graptolithina : Bireclinata : Monograptidae : Monograptus : *Monograptus priodon*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Parahelenites sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : *Parahelenites*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Nautilida order	4	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Nautilida	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Actinodochmioceras sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : *Actinodochmioceras*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Orthodochmioceras sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : *Orthodochmioceras*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Geisonoceras sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Geisonoceratidae : *Geisonoceras*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Kionoceras sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Orthoceratidae : *Kionoceras*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Mongoceras sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : *Mongoceras*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Neosichuanoceras sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : *Neosichuanoceras*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Sichuanoceras sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Sichuanoceratidae : *Sichuanoceras*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Liospira sp. genus	6	Animalia : Mollusca : Gastropoda : Pleurotomariida : Eotomariidae : *Liospira*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Pinnocaris lembodes species	7	Animalia : Mollusca : Ribeiriidae : Pinnocaris : *Pinnocaris lembodes*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Stromatoporoidea class	3	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian
Stromatopora sp. genus	6	Animalia : Porifera : Stromatoporoidea : Stromatoporida : Stromatoporidae : *Stromatopora*	438.5 - 433.4 Ma Silurian

References

Mu E.-z., Boucot A. J., et al (1986) Correlation of the Silurian rocks of China, Geological Society of America Special Paper 202, 1-80

Xu J.-t. (1990) New materials of Telychian (Llandovery, Silurian) rostroconchs from South China, Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 29 5, 592-600

Becker G., Wang S. Q. (1992) Kirkbyacea and Bairdiacea (Ostracoda) from the Palaeozoic of China, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 224, 1-54

Li Y., Kershaw S., et al (2002) Biotic structure and morphology of patch reefs from South China (Ningqiang Formation, Telychian, Llandovery, Silurian), Facies 46, 133-148

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!