Mottramite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Mottramite
Formula:
PbCu(VO4)(OH)
Colour:
Grass-green, olive-green, yellow-green, siskin-green, blackish brown, nearly black
Lustre:
Greasy
Hardness:
3 - 3½
Specific Gravity:
5.9
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
For the locality at Mottram St. Andrew, Cheshire, England where ore was stockpiled. Most likely mined from Pim Hill Mine, Shrewsbury, Shropshire.
Type Locality:
Adelite-Descloizite Group. Descloizite-Mottramite Series. Duftite-Mottramite Series.
The copper analogue of Descloizite.
A secondary mineral frequently found principally in the oxidized zones of ore deposits.
The copper analogue of Descloizite.
A secondary mineral frequently found principally in the oxidized zones of ore deposits.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2792
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2792:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
c798f043-edca-4e8d-962b-0a00fecf1269
IMA Classification of Mottramite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Mottramite
8.BH.40
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1
41.5.2.2
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq
41 : ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : (AB)2(XO4)Zq
21.3.10
21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
3 : Vanadates of Al, rare earths, Pb, V or Bi
21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
3 : Vanadates of Al, rare earths, Pb, V or Bi
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Mott | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Mottramite
Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent, Opaque
Colour:
Grass-green, olive-green, yellow-green, siskin-green, blackish brown, nearly black
Comment:
Crystals often exhibit zonal growth with varying colours.
Streak:
Yellowish green
Hardness:
3 - 3½ on Mohs scale
Comment:
Hardness somewhat harder on crystal surfaces.
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
5.9 g/cm3 (Measured) 6.187 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Mottramite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 2.170(2) nβ = 2.260(2) nγ = 2.320(2)
2V:
Measured: 73° , Calculated: 46°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.150
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
strong r > v rarely r < v
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Weak to strong
X=Y= canary yellow to greenish yellow
Z= brownish yellow
X=Y= canary yellow to greenish yellow
Z= brownish yellow
Chemistry of Mottramite
Mindat Formula:
PbCu(VO4)(OH)
Common Impurities:
Zn
Crystallography of Mottramite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.68 Å, b = 9.27 Å, c = 6.03 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.828 : 1 : 0.65
Unit Cell V:
429.30 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals equant, dipyramidal {111}, prismatic [001]. Drusy crusts of intergrown crystals common; mammillary or botryoidal surfaces.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0005468 | Mottramite | Cooper M A, Hawthorne F C (1995) The crystal structure of mottramite, and the nature of Cu=Zn solid solution in the mottramite-descloizite series The Canadian Mineralogist 33 1119-1124 | 1995 | 0 | 293 | ||
0012569 | Mottramite | Permer L, Laligant Y, Ferey G (1993) Crystal structure of (Pb2.8Fe1.2)Cu4O1.6(VO4)4(OH)2; structural relationships with mineral gamagarite _cod_database_code 1000426 European Journal of Solid State and Inorganic Chemistry 30 383-392 | 1993 | 0 | 293 | ||
0019267 | Mottramite | Krause W, Kolitsch U, Bernhardt H J, Effenberger H (2003) Duhamelite discredited Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 2003 75-96 | 2003 | Shaba, Congo | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Image Loading
Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.24 Å | (vvs) |
5.07 Å | (vs) |
2.87 Å | (vs) |
2.68 Å | (vs) |
2.66 Å | (vs) |
2.59 Å | (vs) |
1.648 Å | (vs) |
Comments:
Mottram St. Andrew, England. Pattern is similar to descloizite.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits | |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] | |
47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] |
Geological Setting:
Oxidation zone of vanadium bearing base metal deposits.
Type Occurrence of Mottramite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Natural History Museum London 52314-52315
Synonyms of Mottramite
Other Language Names for Mottramite
Varieties of Mottramite
Duhamelite | Ca- and Bi-bearing variety of mottramite, typically with acicular habit. Discredited as a mineral species. For the Bi-dominant member, see khorixasite. Originally reported from Lousy Gulch, Payson area, Payson District (Green Valley District), Gila Co.,... |
Relationship of Mottramite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Adelite | CaMg(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Arsendescloizite | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Austinite | CaZn(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Čechite | PbFe2+(VO4)(OH) | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
Cobaltaustinite | CaCo(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
Duftite | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Duftite-alpha | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) | |
Gottlobite | CaMg(VO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Hermannroseite | CaCu(PO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Nickelaustinite | CaNi(AsO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Pyrobelonite | PbMn2+(VO4)(OH) | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma |
Tangeite | CaCu(VO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Unnamed (Pb-analogue of Nickelaustinite) | PbNi(AsO4)(OH) | |
Vuagnatite | CaAl(SiO4)(OH) | Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21 |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
418 photos of Mottramite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
177 photos of Mottramite associated with Vanadinite | Pb5(VO4)3Cl |
119 photos of Mottramite associated with Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
99 photos of Mottramite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
61 photos of Mottramite associated with Dioptase | CuSiO3 · H2O |
58 photos of Mottramite associated with Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
44 photos of Mottramite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
38 photos of Mottramite associated with Phosphohedyphane | Ca2Pb3(PO4)3Cl |
29 photos of Mottramite associated with Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
26 photos of Mottramite associated with Arsenic-bearing Vanadinite | Pb5[(V,As)O4]3Cl |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
8.BH. | Crimsonite | PbFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
8.BH. | Reznitskyite | CaMg(VO4)F |
8.BH. | Cuprozheshengite | Pb4CuZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
8.BH. | Zheshengite | Pb4ZnZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
8.BH. | Peterchinite | Zn3Zn2(OH)6As[O3(OH)3] |
8.BH.05 | Thadeuite | Ca(Mg,Fe2+)3(PO4)2(OH,F)2 |
8.BH.10 | Durangite | NaAl(AsO4)F |
8.BH.10 | Isokite | CaMg(PO4)F |
8.BH.10 | Lacroixite | NaAl(PO4)F |
8.BH.10 | Maxwellite | NaFe3+(AsO4)F |
8.BH.10 | Panasqueiraite | CaMg(PO4)(OH,F) |
8.BH.10 | Kononovite | NaMg(SO4)F |
8.BH.10 | Arsenatrotitanite | NaTi(AsO4)O |
8.BH.15 | Drugmanite | Pb2(Fe3+,Al)(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)2 |
8.BH.20 | Bjarebyite | (Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.20 | Cirrolite | Ca3Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 (?) |
8.BH.20 | Kulanite | Ba(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2(Al,Fe3+)2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.20 | Penikisite | Ba(Mg,Fe2+,Ca)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.20 | Perloffite | Ba(Mn2+,Fe2+)2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.20 | Johntomaite | BaFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.20 | Bjarebyite Group | |
8.BH.20 | Strontioperloffite | SrMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.20 | Plumboperloffite | PbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.20 | Nigelcookite | PbFe2+2V3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.20 | Plumbojohntomaite | PbFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3 |
8.BH.25 | Bertossaite | (Li,Na)2(Ca,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al4(PO4)4(OH,F)4 |
8.BH.25 | Palermoite | (Li,Na)2(Sr,Ca)Al4(PO4)4(OH)4 |
8.BH.25 | Natropalermoite | Na2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4 |
8.BH.30 | Carminite | PbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
8.BH.30 | Sewardite | CaFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
8.BH.35 | Adelite | CaMg(AsO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Arsendescloizite | PbZn(AsO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Austinite | CaZn(AsO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Cobaltaustinite | CaCo(AsO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Duftite | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Gabrielsonite | PbFe3+(As3+O3)O |
8.BH.35 | Nickelaustinite | CaNi(AsO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Tangeite | CaCu(VO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Duftite-alpha | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Gottlobite | CaMg(VO4)(OH) |
8.BH.35 | Hermannroseite | CaCu(PO4)(OH) |
8.BH.40 | Čechite | PbFe2+(VO4)(OH) |
8.BH.40 | Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
8.BH.40 | Pyrobelonite | PbMn2+(VO4)(OH) |
8.BH.40 | Khorixasite | (Bi0.67◻0.33)Cu(VO4)(OH) |
8.BH.45 | Bayldonite | PbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
8.BH.45 | Vésigniéite | BaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2 |
8.BH.50 | Paganoite | NiBi(AsO4)O |
8.BH.55 | Harrisonite | Ca(Fe2+,Mg)6(PO4)2(SiO4)2 |
8.BH.55 | Jagowerite | BaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
8.BH.60 | Attakolite | CaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4 |
8.BH.65 | Leningradite | PbCu3(VO4)2Cl |
8.BH.70 | Katiarsite | KTiO(AsO4) |
8.BH.70 | Yurgensonite | K2SnTiO2(AsO4)2 |
8.BH.75 | Melanarsite | K3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4 |
8.BH.80 | Moraskoite | Na2Mg(PO4)F |
8.BH.80 | Evseevite | Na2Mg(AsO4)F |
8.BH.85 | Piccoliite | NaCaMn3+2(AsO4)2O(OH) |
Other Information
Electrical:
Readily soluble in acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Mottramite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2792.html
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References for Mottramite
Reference List:
Roscoe, H. E. (1877) IV. On two new vanadium minerals. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 25 (171) 109-112 doi:10.1098/rspl.1876.0023
Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin Vol. 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.64 - (as cuprodescloizite)
Bannister, F. A. (1933) The identity of mottramite and psittacinite with cupriferous descloizite. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 23 (141) 376-386 doi:10.1180/minmag.1933.023.141.04
Kingsbury, Arthur W. G., Hartley, J. (1956) New occurrences of vanadium minerals (mottramite, descloizite, and vanadinite) in the Caldbeck area of Cumberland. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 31 (235) 289-295 doi:10.1180/minmag.1956.031.235.02
Frost, Ray L., Xi, Yunfei, López, Andrés, Corrêa, Lívia, Scholz, Ricardo (2014) The molecular structure of the vanadate mineral mottramite [PbCu(VO4)(OH)] from Tsumeb, Namibia – A vibrational spectroscopic study. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 122. 252-256 doi:10.1016/j.saa.2013.11.086
Localities for Mottramite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Biglia et al. (2016) |
| Mr. Nelson Valenzuela. |
| Colombo et al. (2006) |
| [var: Duhamelite] Samples acquired from Nelson Valenzuela |
| Brodtkorb (2006) |
| American Mineralogist (1978) +1 other reference |
Australia | |
| Birch (1999) |
| Birch et al. (1997) |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Dieter Mylius collection |
| [var: Duhamelite] Pring et al. (2000) |
| Nickel et al. (1993) |
Nickel et al. (1993) | |
| Nickel (1987) |
| I.D. by Peter Elliott |
| Nickel et al. (1994) |
| Simpson Mineral Collection of the ... +7 other references |
Simpson (1948) | |
| Murray Thompson +1 other reference |
| Downes et al. (2017) |
Downes et al. (2017) | |
| Jorgensen et al. (2017) |
| Downes et al. (2011) |
Austria | |
| Auer (2018) |
| Auer et al. (2017) |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) |
Mikl et al. (2014) | |
J. Taucher: Carinthia II 186./106.:132 (1996) | |
| M. Puttner: Carinthia II (1996) |
| Knobloch et al. (2021) |
| Kolitsch (2019) |
| Schachinger et al. (2015) |
| C. Auer: Lapis 20 (11) |
| Brandstätter et al. (2010) |
| Postl et al. (2006) |
| Lapis 29 (9) |
Azerbaijan | |
| Hemon et al. (2012) |
Bolivia | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Brazil | |
| Atencio et al. (2008) |
Canada | |
| Lines et al. (1996) |
| SASSANO et al. (1987) |
Chile | |
| Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University) |
| Mr. Terry Szenics. |
| samples analysed by Gerhard Mohn and ... |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor |
SEM-EDS by Joy Desor | |
maurizio dini collection - analysed ... | |
Kampf et al. (2006) | |
| M.Dini & A.Molina collection +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Hubert Putz analytical data and ... |
Czech Republic | |
| [Lapis 1995 |
Ondruš et al. (1989) | |
J.Hyrsl (1992) | |
Ondruš et al. (1989) | |
| Lapis 2002 (7/8) |
| Pauliš |
| Sejkora et al. (2007) |
| Pauliš et al. (Česká republika) +1 other reference |
DR Congo | |
| www.handbookofmineralogy.org (2012) |
| Wilson (2018) |
| [var: Duhamelite] King et al. (1991) +1 other reference |
Egypt | |
| Gatto Rotondo et al. (2012) |
| Afify et al. (2022) |
France | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Yannick Vessely collection |
| Nicolas MEISSER analysis |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Jean-Robert et Christiane Eytier. +1 other reference |
| Collection Arliguie Michel +1 other reference |
| [var: Duhamelite] Robert PECORINI collection |
| inventoire mineralogique de la france ... |
| Lheur et al. (2010) +1 other reference |
| Jean-Marie Claude collection +1 other reference |
Jean-Marie Claude collection | |
Gabon | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wittern (1995) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| U. Kolitsch and R. Bayerl: Der Aufschluss 48 (4) |
| Schwarzmeier (2015) +2 other references |
| Hauner (2024) |
| Hauner (2024) |
| PETITJEAN collection |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski |
Collection of Steffen Michalski | |
S Wolfsried collection | |
S Wolfsried collection | |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski |
Collection of Steffen Michalski | |
Lapis 25 (2) | |
| Legner et al. (2022) |
| Joachim Gröbner (2019) |
| J. Gröbner: Neufunde aus den Bergbaurevieren St. Andreasberg et al. (2007) |
| J. Gröbner: Neufunde aus den Bergbaurevieren St. Andreasberg et al. (2007) |
| Graf et al. (1992) |
| Lapis 1988 (1) |
| Christof Schäfer |
| Lapis 33 (12) |
| [var: Duhamelite] Blass (1992) |
Blass et al. (2006) | |
| Blass et al. (2006) |
| Blaß et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
| Personally collected by Günter Frenz |
| Hohn et al. (2015) |
| Brugger et al. (2001) |
| 81-82. +1 other reference |
| Witzke (2012) |
| Markus Gerstmann - Collection |
Greece | |
| Rieck et al. (2018) |
Israel | |
| Shlomovitch et al. (1999) |
Italy | |
| Scacchi (1879) +3 other references |
| Balassone et al. (2019) |
Balassone et al. (2019) | |
| Scacchi (1879) +1 other reference |
| Carlini et al. (2018) |
| Bracco et al. (2014) |
| Balestra C. et al. (2011) |
| Vergani et al. (2021) |
Vergani F. et al. (2020) | |
| Guastoni et al. (2020) |
| Martini et al. (2012) |
Martini et al. (2012) | |
| Bruno Marello et al. (2023) |
| Guastoni et al. (2006) +1 other reference |
Guastoni A. et al. (2006) +1 other reference | |
| [var: Duhamelite] Olmi F. et al. (SS) |
| Mattioli et al. (2009) |
| Conedera M. et al. (2016) |
| Zordan et al. (2012) |
Zordan et al. (2012) | |
Japan | |
| Hirama et al. (2011) |
| Komuro Minerals (Tokyo) |
| Shibuya & Lee (1984) |
| Dr. Yohachiro Okamoto collection (conserved by the Geological Survey of Japan) |
Sakurai and Kato (1959) | |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Belova et al. (1985) +1 other reference |
Belova et al. (1985) +1 other reference | |
Madagascar | |
| Behier (1963) |
Mexico | |
| Megaw |
| Fabre (n.d.) |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
Lapis 2001 (1) | |
| [var: Duhamelite] Dakota Matrix specimen (Phillips collection) |
| Jones et al. (2021) |
Morocco | |
| Steve Rust specimen |
| Georges Favreau collection |
| Praszkier (2013) |
| Praszkier (2013) |
Praszkier (2013) | |
| Favreau et al. (2006) |
| Georges Favreau collection |
Fabre (n.d.) | |
| Notes Serv. Géol. Maroc |
Namibia | |
| Bezing et al. (2007) |
| von Bezing (2007) |
| [var: Duhamelite] Niedermayr (2001) |
| Niedermayr et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
Schnaitmann et al. (2010) | |
Palfi (2005) | |
Schnaitmann et al. (2010) | |
Schnaitmann et al. (2010) | |
Niedermayr et al. (2010) | |
Brandstätter +4 other references | |
| Cairncross et al. (1997) |
| [Mineralogical Record 28:124] |
Elmar Lackner collection +2 other references | |
| [Mineralogical Record 28:124] |
Palache et al. (1951) | |
Cairncross (1997) +1 other reference | |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| von Bezing et al. (2016) |
Palache et al. (1951) | |
Woolf (2023) | |
Cairncross (1997) +2 other references | |
| Dunn (1991) |
Markham (1959) | |
[Mineralogical Record 28:124] | |
| von Bezing (2007) |
North Macedonia | |
| Ermolaeva et al. (2019) |
Norway | |
| Harald Folvik Collection |
Poland | |
| DOI: 10.1515/mipo-2016-0002 +2 other references |
| Siuda et al. (2013) |
| Domań +2 other references |
| Siuda et al. (2008) |
| Siuda R. & Gołębiowska B. 2008: Mottramite et al. (Rudawy Janowickie Mts, Poland) |
Siuda et al. (2008) | |
| Siuda et al. (2008) |
| Eligiusz Szełęg collection |
| Siuda R. & Szełęg E. 2008: Vanadium and uranium secondary minerals from the Kletno deposit (Sudety Mts, Poland) |
Republic of the Congo | |
| Chris Emproto Collection |
Romania | |
| analyzed by Sándor Szakáll (XRD and EDS) |
Russia | |
[World of Stones 12:49] | |
| American Mineralogist |
Yarosh et al. (1953) +1 other reference | |
Slovakia | |
| Vlasáč et al. (2021) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| SAMS (South African Micromount Society) |
| Reeks (2007) |
Spain | |
| Calvo (2015) |
Adrian Pesudo specimen | |
Calvo (2015) | |
| Carmona Ruiz +2 other references |
Carmona Ruiz +2 other references | |
Carmona Ruiz +3 other references | |
| Calvo Rebollar (2015) |
| Joan Abella i Creus (2008) |
| Rosell et al. (2017) |
| Jiménez Martínez |
| Tanago et al. (2012) |
| Gonzalez Del Tanago +3 other references |
Calvo (2015) | |
Calvo (2015) | |
| Sainz de Baranda Graf et al. (2023) |
| Sainz de Baranda Graf et al. (2023) |
Sweden | |
| Lyckberg (2006) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Ansermet (2012) |
[var: Duhamelite] Stalder et al. (1998) | |
| Meisser (2012) |
UK | |
| Roscoe (1877) |
| Roscoe (1877) +1 other reference |
Day (1999) | |
| Elton et al. (2004) |
| British Micromount Newletter No 19 ... +1 other reference |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Green et al. (2009) |
Cooper et al. (1990) | |
Kingsbury et al. (1956) +3 other references | |
- (2006) | |
| - (2006) |
Green et al. (2008) | |
BM (NH) | |
Bridges et al. (2008) | |
Cooper et al. (1990) +1 other reference | |
Stanley et al. (1991) | |
| Kingsbury et al. (1956) +3 other references |
| BMS Collection +2 other references |
| Day (1999) +2 other references |
| Hubbard et al. (2005) +2 other references |
| Day (1999) |
| Specimen in the Natural History Museum +4 other references |
| |
| |
www.mindat.org (2023) +1 other reference | |
| |
S Rust collection | |
S Rust collection | |
S Rust collection | |
| [BMS] |
| Parnell et al. (2016) |
| |
| S Rust collection |
| |
Day (1999) | |
Neall (2005) | |
USA | |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
Graeme (1993) +1 other reference | |
Taber (1930) +3 other references | |
Taber (1930) +2 other references | |
| [var: Duhamelite] Anthony et al. (1995) |
Ron Layton self collected | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
Cooper (1964) +1 other reference | |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| [var: Duhamelite] Anthony et al. (1995) |
| [var: Duhamelite] Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Galbraith (1959) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
Ronald C. Render | |
Anthony et al. (1995) | |
Guild (1911) +2 other references | |
Rob Bowell | |
Raman identification by Dr. Yang | |
| Marek Chorazewicz (2023) |
Luetcke (n.d.) | |
| Guild (1911) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Robert Jenkins Raman Spectroscopy |
| Keith (1972) +1 other reference |
Eastlick | |
| Peterson (1962) |
| Rocks & Min.: 20:591 +5 other references |
| [var: Duhamelite] Luetcke (n.d.) |
| [var: Duhamelite] Williams (1981) +1 other reference |
| [var: Duhamelite] Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Francis Sousa |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
Kampf et al. (2019) | |
| [var: Duhamelite] Ron Gibbs |
| Theodore et al. (1987) |
| Joe Marty personal communication |
| Thomas et al. (1983) |
Gilluly (1937) +2 other references | |
| Williams et al. (1963) +1 other reference |
Williams et al. (1963) +1 other reference | |
| Rocks & Min.: 65: 29. +2 other references |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Luetcke (n.d.) |
| Collected by Mark Ascher Sight ... |
| Galbraith (1947) |
| Guild (1910) +4 other references |
| |
Luetcke (n.d.) | |
| Guild (1911) +3 other references |
| MRDS database Dep. ID #10092560 |
| Headden (1903) +4 other references |
| Galbraith (1959) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| M Massis |
| [var: Duhamelite] Bob Meyer (2012) |
[var: Duhamelite] Collected by Joe Ruiz. | |
| Scovil et al. (1991) +1 other reference |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Eckhard D. Stuart collection |
| [var: Duhamelite] Walstrom (n.d.) |
| Walstrom (n.d.) |
| Adams (2010) +1 other reference |
| Housley |
| Rob Lavinsky specimen |
| |
| Dunning et al. (2005) |
| Murdoch (1966) +1 other reference |
| Dr. Robert Housley |
| Housley (2002) +2 other references |
R.M. Housley and R.E. Reynolds (2002) | |
| MarekC collection 2019 |
| MarekC Collection (2017) |
| Schaller (1911f) +2 other references |
| Schaller (1911f) +2 other references |
| Kampf et al. (2010) |
Joe Marty specimens +1 other reference | |
Joe Marty specimens | |
MarekC personal collection | |
in the collection of Eckhard D. Stuart | |
Housley R. | |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... +1 other reference |
Collected by and in the collection of ... +1 other reference | |
| - (2005) |
| Carlson et al. (2007) |
| Betts (n.d.) |
| Chris Tucker and John Betts specimens. +1 other reference |
| Chris Tucker and John Betts specimens. +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Schilling (1979) +1 other reference |
Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference | |
| Rocks & Minerals |
USGS Bul 1010 Geologic Controls of Lead ... | |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
[var: Duhamelite] Self collected by Brent Thorne. SEM ... +1 other reference | |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
Haynes (2007) | |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ... |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| [var: Duhamelite] Walstrom +1 other reference |
| NBMG Bull 10 |
NBMG Bull 10 | |
| Martin Jensen (2011) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
D. Court Collection | |
| Jerry Cone Collection |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Lasky (1947) +1 other reference | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| 2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... |
2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... | |
2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... | |
| 2008 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... |
| DeMark (2004) |
Min News 20:10 p 8 +1 other reference | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
| R&M 77:5 p298-305 |
| [var: Duhamelite] Walstrom (n.d.) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Chester S. Lemanski |
2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... | |
2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... +1 other reference | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... | |
2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... | |
| Min News 20:6 p8 |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Walstrom (n.d.) |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Lasky (1947) +1 other reference |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
NMBMGMR Open-file Report - 532 | |
| R&M 71:1 p66-68 |
Anthony et al. (2000) | |
Patrick Haynes. Self collected from the ... | |
| Walstrom (n.d.) |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
| Walstrom (n.d.) |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
| Walstrom 2006 New Mexico Mineral ... |
Walstrom (n.d.) | |
Robert E. Wastrom Collection | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
Jerry Cone Collection | |
| Alan Heyl |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Jerry Cone Collection |
[var: Duhamelite] Jerry Cone Collection | |
Jerry Cone Collection | |
Jerry Cone Collection | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| M Massis collection |
Alexander Wong Collection (collected by Mark T. Massis in 1997) | |
| M Massis collection |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Min News 21:7 p 12 |
Betts (n.d.) | |
| 4th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium (1985) +1 other reference |
| Sloto (1989) |
| Rocks & Min.: 60:111. |
| Smith (1991) |
Smith (1991) | |
Smith (1991) | |
Smith (1991) | |
Alminas +2 other references | |
Barton et al. (2018) | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| MarekC (2019) |
| Contributions to Economic Geology |
| Kearns +1 other reference |
| USA Micro Probe +2 other references |
Uzbekistan | |
| Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data |
Zambia | |
| Mineralogical Record: 11: 339. +1 other reference |
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Grangers shaft, Mottram St Andrew, Cheshire, England, UK