Strengite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Strengite
Johann August Streng
Formula:
FePO4 · 2H2O
Colour:
Purple, violet, pink, peach-blossom-red, carmine, greenish white, colorless; Colourless to pale pink in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
3½ - 4
Specific Gravity:
2.84 - 2.87
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named after Johann August Streng [February 4, 1830 Frankfurt, Germany - January 7, 1897 Giessen, Germany], Professor of Mineralogy, University of Giessen, Germany. Streng was an assistant to Robert Bunsen at University of Heidelberg and later professor of chemistry at the Clausthal Mining Academy. Streng was an innovator in new methods of chemical titration.
Dimorph of:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3801
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3801:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
a84cd6bd-873d-4b94-9700-1abf4a1c06ed
IMA Classification of Strengite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Fe3+(PO4) · 2H2O
Classification of Strengite
8.CD.10
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:2
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
D : With only medium-sized cations, RO4:H2O = 1:2
40.4.1.2
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
4 : (AB)5(XO4)2·xH2O
40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
4 : (AB)5(XO4)2·xH2O
19.13.2
19 : Phosphates
13 : Phosphates of Fe alone
19 : Phosphates
13 : Phosphates of Fe alone
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Stg | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Stg | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Strengite
Vitreous, Sub-Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Purple, violet, pink, peach-blossom-red, carmine, greenish white, colorless; Colourless to pale pink in transmitted light.
Comment:
Usually lght pink
Streak:
white
Hardness:
3½ - 4 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Good on {010}, poor on {001}
Good on {010}, poor on {001}
Density:
2.84 - 2.87 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.84 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Strengite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.697 - 1.708 nβ = 1.708 - 1.719 nγ = 1.741 - 1.745
2V:
Calculated: 72° to 88°
Birefringence:
0.044
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.044
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
relatively strong r < v
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Strengite
Mindat Formula:
FePO4 · 2H2O
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Al
Crystallography of Strengite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pbca
Setting:
Pbca
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.7233(7) Å, b = 9.886(1) Å, c = 10.122(1) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.882 : 1 : 1.024
Unit Cell V:
872.91 ų
Z:
8
Morphology:
Crystals rarely octahedral {111}; usually thick to thin tabular {001}; also stout prismatic [100] or [010]. May be lathlike, radial fibrous, botyroidal or spherical aggregates and crusts.
Twinning:
Rarely on {201}
Crystallographic forms of Strengite
Crystal Atlas:
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Strengite no.1 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Strengite no.3 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by
www.smorf.nl.
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0012324 | Strengite | Taxer K, Bartl H (2004) On the dimorphy between the variscite and clinovariscite group: refined finestructural relationship of strengite and clinostrengite, Fe(PO4)*2H2O Crystal Research and Technology 39 1080-1088 | 2004 | Kreuzberg, Pleystein, Barvaria | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 5.509 Å | (60) |
| 4.383 Å | (85) |
| 3.996 Å | (45) |
| 3.114 Å | (100) |
| 3.002 Å | (45) |
| 2.949 Å | (45) |
| 2.546 Å | (50) |
Comments:
ICDD 33-667
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations | |
| 22 : Hydration and low-𝑇 subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] |
Geological Setting:
Secondary mineral formed under surface or near-surface conditions by the alteration of iron-bearing phosphates, such as Triphylite in pegmatite, or Dufrenite, or may occur in limonite ore deposits and gossans, magnetite iron ores, late-stage mineralization in granite pegmatites, or rarely as a cave mineral.
Type Occurrence of Strengite
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Phosphate-bearing iron ore deposit
Other Language Names for Strengite
Varieties of Strengite
| Aluminian Strengite | Contains Al in substitution for Fe(III). |
Relationship of Strengite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Mansfieldite | AlAsO4 · 2H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
| Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) |
| Variscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
| Yanomamite | InAsO4 · 2H2O | Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 268 photos of Strengite associated with Cacoxenite | Fe3+24AlO6(PO4)17(OH)12 · 75H2O |
| 231 photos of Strengite associated with Beraunite | Fe3+6(PO4)4O(OH)4 · 6H2O |
| 197 photos of Strengite associated with Rockbridgeite | Fe2+Fe3+4(PO4)3(OH)5 |
| 179 photos of Strengite associated with Kidwellite | NaFe3+9+x(PO4)6(OH)11 · 3H2O, x = 0.33 |
| 136 photos of Strengite associated with Phosphosiderite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| 57 photos of Strengite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 54 photos of Strengite associated with Strunzite | Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| 49 photos of Strengite associated with Dufrénite | Ca0.5Fe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O |
| 49 photos of Strengite associated with Bermanite | Mn2+Mn3+2(PO4)2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 49 photos of Strengite associated with Hureaulite | Mn2+5(PO3OH)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.CD. | Castellaroite | Mn2+3(AsO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CD. | Sergeysmirnovite | MgZn2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CD.05 | Kolbeckite | ScPO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.05 | Metavariscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.05 | Phosphosiderite | FePO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.05 | Bonacinaite | Sc(AsO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.10 | Mansfieldite | AlAsO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.10 | Scorodite | Fe3+AsO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.10 | Variscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.10 | Yanomamite | InAsO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.15 | Parascorodite | FeAsO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CD.20 | Ludlamite | Fe2+3(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CD.25 | Sterlinghillite | Mn2+3(AsO4)2 · 3H2O |
| 8.CD.30 | Rollandite | Cu3(AsO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CD.35 | Liversidgeite | Zn6(PO4)4 · 7H2O |
| 8.CD.40 | Thorasphite | Th2H(PO4,AsO4)3 · 6H2O |
Fluorescence of Strengite
Not fluorescent in UV
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in HCl but not in HNO3.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Strengite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3801.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Strengite
Reference List:
Zepharovich (1867) Konigliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna, Sitzber.: 56: 20 (as Barrandite).
Nies (1877) Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paleontologie, Heidelberg, Stuttgart: 8-16.
Kolitsch, Uwe, Weil, Matthias, Kovrugin, Vadim M., Krivovichev, Sergey V. (2020) Crystal chemistry of the variscite and metavariscite groups: Crystal structures of synthetic CrAsO4⋅2H2O, TlPO4⋅2H2O, MnSeO4⋅2H2O, CdSeO4⋅2H2O and natural bonacinaite, ScAsO4⋅2H2O. Mineralogical Magazine, 84 (4) 568-583 doi:10.1180/mgm.2020.57
Localities for Strengite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Kampf et al. (2010) |
| Dina (1993) |
| Demartin et al. (1997) | |
| Gay et al. (1991) |
| OYARZABAL et al. (H2O) |
Australia | |
| Trueman (1965) | |
| Birch et al. (1997) |
| Birch et al. (1997) |
| Day (1998) | |
| Francis (2010) |
| Francis (2010) | |
| Pilkington et al. (1979) |
| |
| Frost et al. (2004) |
| Australian Journal of Mineralogy |
| Elliott et al. (2023) |
| Australian Journal of Mineralogy | |
| |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Bottrill & Baker |
| Eagle et al. (2015) |
| Birch (2018) |
| Eagle et al. (2015) +1 other reference | |
| W.D.Birch & D.A.Henry 1993. Phosphate ... |
| |
| B.Day 1996. What's New in Australia |
| |
| Nickel (2008) |
| Jacobson et al. (2007) |
Austria | |
| C.Auer (2015) |
| Bernhard (2010) |
| Aufschluss 1972 (SB) |
| Postl W et al. (2022) |
Belgium | |
| Van Tassel (1966) +7 other references |
| Van Tassel (1959) +3 other references |
| José Dehove collection. |
Bolivia | |
| Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998) |
Brazil | |
| Queiroz (2016) | |
| Bermanec et al. (2011) |
| sergio varvello | |
| Krister collection | |
| Sergio Varvello collection +1 other reference | |
| Mineralogical Record 24: 384-385 | |
| Jhonatan Gomes minerals collection |
| fabreminerals specimen | |
| A. M. I. Martins collection | |
| Atencio et al. (2004) |
| Cassedanne et al. (1999) +1 other reference | |
| Sergio Varvello collection |
| Piló et al. (2023) |
| Piló et al. (2023) | |
| Piló et al. (2023) |
| Figueira et al. (2019) | |
Bulgaria | |
| Kunov et al. (1997) |
Cameroon | |
| F. Pillard : "Contribution à l'étude de l'altération de la vivianite : cas de la vivianite d'Anloua (Cameroun) |
Canada | |
| Robinson et al. (1992) |
| Robinson et al. (1992) | |
Chile | |
| identified by Gerhard Möhn |
| Kampf et al. (2012) |
| Raman spectroscopy and EDX by Günter ... |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor and Gerhard Möhn |
| Sulphides analysed by geology dep. of ... +1 other reference |
Colombia | |
| McConnell (1943) |
Czech Republic | |
| Pauliš +4 other references |
| Vrtiška L. et al. (2018) |
| Černý P. et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Duda |
| Povondra et al. (eds.) +1 other reference |
| Černý P (1) |
| Sejkora et al. (2006) |
| Sejkora et al. (2006) | |
| Sejkora +1 other reference |
| Weber |
| Janouš +4 other references |
| Welser |
| Pauliš P et al. (2020) |
| Houzar S.: Přehled minerálů z ... |
| Vrtiška L et al. (2017) |
| Škoda +3 other references |
DR Congo | |
| De Putter et al. (2018) |
Europe | |
| Berbain et al. (2012) | |
Finland | |
| Sandström et al. (2009) |
| Ilkka Mikkola collection |
France | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Chollet Pascal Collection |
| Pierre Le Roch & Jean-Marc Johannet ... +1 other reference |
| Cuchet et al. (2000) | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Le Roc'h P. () |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| |
| perso.wanadoo.fr (2004) |
| perso.wanadoo.fr (2005) |
| perso.wanadoo.fr (2004) |
| Boisson (1988) | |
| perso.wanadoo.fr (2004) | |
| Pascale & Daniel Journet |
| Audra et al. (2019) |
| Berbain et al. (2012) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Geipel (1982) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| DILL et al. (2008) +1 other reference | |
| Dill et al. (2010) +3 other references |
| Weiß (1990) | |
| www.berthold-weber.de (2001) | |
| Harald G. Dill and Radek Skoda (2015) |
| Wittern (2001) +1 other reference | |
| Pöllmann et al. (2005) |
| |
| Wittern (2001) |
| www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references |
| in the collection of Christof Schäfer |
| Dana 6: 797 +1 other reference |
| Müller et al. (2012) |
| Blaß (2002) |
| Dana 6:823. |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Legner et al. (2011) |
| D. Pawlowski: "Mineralfundstellen im Sauerland" (Munich) +1 other reference |
| Emser Hefte 1988 (4) |
| www.mineralienatlas.de (2016) |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| Witzke et al. (1997) |
| Pestel et al. (2012) |
| Gröbner et al. (2011) |
| T. Witzke et al.: Lapis 2001 (12) |
| Lapis (12) | |
Hungary | |
| collector: Regina Körmendy |
Iran | |
| Daliran (2008) |
Italy | |
| Balenzano et al. (1974) |
| Marco Ciriotti 2010 |
| Balestra C. (2009) | |
| Orlandi et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
| Baldoni et al. (2013) +2 other references |
| Brizzi et al. (1994) |
| Senesi F. (Valdicastello Carducci, Lucca) |
Japan | |
| pers. comm. Kotaro Watanabe |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) +1 other reference |
Liberia | |
| Axelrod et al. (1952) |
| a reconnaissance report. USGS Bulletin ... +2 other references |
Madagascar | |
| Behier (1963) |
Malaysia | |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Bridge et al. (1983) |
Mali | |
| Cedrick Gineste |
Mexico | |
| Michael Shannon specimens |
Morocco | |
| WALENTA (1981) |
Namibia | |
| von Bezing (2007) |
| Der Aufschluss 36:117-119 | |
Portugal | |
| Rui Nunes collection |
| |
| various correctly added photos |
| Alves (n.d.) | |
| Alves (n.d.) | |
| Neiva et al. (2000) |
| Analyzed SEM-EDS by Pedro Alves |
| |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Pedro Alves collection. |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1991) |
| Alves (n.d.) | |
| |
| Self-collected by Pedro Alves. |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| |
| Alves (n.d.) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Pedro Alves collection (p-XRD and SEM EDS analysed samples) +1 other reference | |
| Mineralien Atlas | |
| Neiva et al. (2000) |
| Pedro Alves collection and/or ... |
| Alves (n.d.) | |
| Rui Nunes 2010 |
| Identified in Rebentão Mine |
| self-find |
Romania | |
| minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Rychagov et al. (2017, November) |
| Ivanyuk et al. (2018) |
| Gamyanin et al. (2014) |
Rwanda | |
| von Knorring et al. (1982) +1 other reference |
| Bertossa | |
Senegal | |
| |
Slovakia | |
| Martin Števko-unpublished |
South Africa | |
| Martini (1978) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
| Martini (1978) |
| Martini (1978) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Martini (1997) |
| Martini (1978) +1 other reference |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
South Korea | |
| Kinosaki (1940) |
Spain | |
| Sáinz de Baranda et al. (2004) |
| www.foro-minerales.com (2022) +1 other reference | |
| Christian Rewitzer collection |
| Moro et al. (1995) |
| F. Costa et al. |
| Joan Rosell (2023) |
| Bareche (2005) | |
| Mineralogistes de Catalunya (1997) |
| |
| Viñals et al. (2011) |
| NÚÑEZ-GARCÍA et al. (2012) +1 other reference |
| Calvo Rebollar (2015) |
Sweden | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Bjällerud (1989) +1 other reference |
UK | |
| Craik-Smith (2000) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Hartley (1984) +2 other references |
| Stanley et al. (1991) | |
| Cooper et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
| Cooper et al. (1990) | |
| Alysson Rowan collection |
Uruguay | |
| Eckel et al. (1953) |
USA | |
| Barwood et al. (1978) +1 other reference |
| King et al. (1995) | |
| Henry Barwood |
| Min.Rec.:20 (5) +1 other reference | |
| Cook et al. (1982) | |
| Dean (1995) |
| Dean (1995) | |
| chris bryant +1 other reference |
| Dunn et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
| Jahns (1952) +1 other reference | |
| Jahns (1952) |
| Jahns (1952) | |
| Howard +1 other reference |
| Smith (1988) |
| Rocks & Min.:64:297-298. |
| Am Min 51:1811-1814 | |
| Smith (1988) | |
| Smith (1988) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 311. +3 other references |
| www.mineralsocal.org |
| Fisher (2002) |
| Jahns et al. (1951) |
| Seaman (1976) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Carnein et al. (2005) |
| Rocks & Min.: 70:398 |
| Denicourt +1 other reference |
| Marc V. Hurst (2012) |
| Rocks & Min.:64:185 +1 other reference |
| Jason Smith & M.E. Ciriotti (2005) |
| Barwood et al. (1999) |
| Rocks & Min.: 64:203. |
| Rocks & Minerals 54:4 pp161-165 | |
| Ream (2004) |
| Coveney et al. (1984) |
| www. Rogers Minerals.com | |
| Falster et al. (2019) |
| King et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Found during ongoing study of Ryerson ... +1 other reference |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Excalibur Mineral Corporation specimens. |
| Jensen et al. (1995) |
| Mineralogical Record 26:467 |
| Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ... +1 other reference |
| In the collection of Brent Thorne. ... |
| Pullman |
| MarekC pers. coll. 2015 |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Kleinhampl et al. (1984) +1 other reference | |
| Castor et al. (2004) | |
| MinRec 16 (1) |
| Jensen et al. (2001) |
| Smith (2005) |
| American Mineralogist 50:1698–1707 +1 other reference | |
| Smith (2005) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references | |
| Rocks & Min. +2 other references | |
| Thompson et al. (2022) |
| Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp234-241 +1 other reference |
| Henderson (1980) |
| Locality description: "[...] all the ... | |
| Jerry Cone Collection |
| D.Court collection +1 other reference |
| Jerry Cone Collection | |
| Jason B. Smith collection |
| Horton et al. (1981) +1 other reference |
| |
| www.mindat.org/mesg-11-168140.html |
| Mineralogical Record: 11: 311. +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Montgomery (1969) |
| Rocks & Minerals 54:4 pp173-175 |
| Peacor (1969) +1 other reference |
| Loomis (2011) | |
| Rocks & Minerals: 60: 117. +1 other reference |
| Julius Weber collection |
| Smith et al. (2000) |
| Peacor et al. (1984) |
| Rocks & Minerals: 67 (6) | |
| King (n.d.) |
| Lehnert (1971) |
| Paris (2011) |
| J. Marty (1995) |
| Kearns et al. (2000) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Watson (1907) +1 other reference |
| Rocks & Minerals: 57: 20 +2 other references |
Zimbabwe | |
| Gallagher (1967) |
Mars | |
| Treiman et al. (2023) |
| Lane et al. (2008) |
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Miguel Vacas Mine, Nossa Senhora da Conceição e São Bartolomeu, Vila Viçosa, Évora, Portugal