Chloroxiphite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Chloroxiphite
Formula:
Pb3CuO2Cl2(OH)2
Colour:
Dull olive green
Lustre:
Adamantine, Resinous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
6.76 - 6.93
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
From the Greek χλωρός, green and ζιφος, a blade or sword, in allusion to its color and crystal habit.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Chloroxiphite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
953
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:953:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
93795d18-0cbc-498f-a75c-e8f8dc2960da
IMA Classification of Chloroxiphite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1923
Classification of Chloroxiphite
3.DB.30
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
B : With Pb, Cu, etc.
3 : HALIDES
D : Oxyhalides, hydroxyhalides and related double halides
B : With Pb, Cu, etc.
10.6.4.1
10 : OXYHALIDES AND HYDROXYHALIDES
6 : AmBn(O,OH)pXq
10 : OXYHALIDES AND HYDROXYHALIDES
6 : AmBn(O,OH)pXq
8.8.15
8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
8 : Halides of Pb
8 : Halides - Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides and Iodides; also Fluoborates and Fluosilicates
8 : Halides of Pb
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Cxp | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Chloroxiphite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Chloroxiphite
Adamantine, Resinous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Dull olive green
Streak:
Light green yellow
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Very brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {101} perfect; {100} distinct.
On {101} perfect; {100} distinct.
Density:
6.76 - 6.93 g/cm3 (Measured) 7.07 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Chloroxiphite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 2.160 nβ = 2.240 nγ = 2.250
2V:
Measured: 70° , Calculated: 36°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.090
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
extreme
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X ≈ perpendicular to {101}
Y = brown
Z = b = green
Y = brown
Z = b = green
Chemistry of Chloroxiphite
Mindat Formula:
Pb3CuO2Cl2(OH)2
Crystallography of Chloroxiphite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.6972(8) Å, b = 5.7538(5) Å, c = 10.4686(14) Å
β = 97.747(10)°
β = 97.747(10)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.164 : 1 : 1.819
Unit Cell V:
399.72 ų
Morphology:
Crystals bladed, elongated [010] and flattened {101}. Subparallel groups. {101} roughly striated [010].
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
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Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
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View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0014466 | Chloroxiphite | Finney J J, Graeber E J, Rosenzweig A, Hamilton R D (1977) The structure of chloroxiphite, Pb3CuO2(OH)2Cl2 Mineralogical Magazine 41 357-361 |  | 1977 | Mendip Hills, Somerset, England | 0 | 293 |
| 0019224 | Chloroxiphite | Siidra O I, Krivovichev S V, Turner R W, Rumsey M S (2008) Chloroxiphite Pb3CuO2(OH)2Cl2: structure refinement and description in terms of oxocentred OPb4 tetrahedra Mineralogical Magazine 72 793-798 | 2008 | Merehead Quarry, Somerset, England | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.86 Å | (100) |
| 10.3 Å | (80) |
| 3.84 Å | (80) |
| 2.80 Å | (70) |
| 5.90 Å | (60) |
| 2.68 Å | (60) |
| 2.06 Å | (60) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47g : [Halogen-bearing surface weathering minerals] | |
| Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
| 56 : Slag and smelter minerals (see also #51 and #55) |
Type Occurrence of Chloroxiphite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Green, blade-like crystals embedded in mendipite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1923,712–717.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Spencer, L.J., Mountain, E.D. (1923) New lead-copper minerals from the Mendip Hills (Somerset). Mineralogical Magazine: 20: 67-92 (76).
Synonyms of Chloroxiphite
Other Language Names for Chloroxiphite
German:Chloroxiphit
Russian:Хлороксифит
Simplified Chinese:绿铜铅矿
Spanish:Chloroxiphita
Traditional Chinese:綠銅鉛礦
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 38 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Mendipite | Pb3Cl2O2 |
| 15 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Diaboleite | Pb2CuCl2(OH)4 |
| 12 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Crednerite | CuMnO2 |
| 12 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Paralaurionite | PbCl(OH) |
| 8 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Mereheadite | Pb47Cl25(OH)13O24(CO3)(BO3)2 |
| 6 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 4 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| 3 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Parkinsonite | Pb7MoO9Cl2 |
| 2 photos of Chloroxiphite associated with Hydrocerussite | Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Chloroxiphite associated with Symesite | Pb10(SO4)O7Cl4 · H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 3.DB. | Rickturnerite | Pb7O4[Mg(OH)4](OH)Cl3 |
| 3.DB.05 | Diaboleite | Pb2CuCl2(OH)4 |
| 3.DB.10 | Pseudoboleite | Pb31Cu24Cl62(OH)48 |
| 3.DB.15 | Boleite | KPb26Ag9Cu24(OH)48Cl62 |
| 3.DB.20 | Cumengeite | Pb21Cu20Cl42(OH)40 · 6H2O |
| 3.DB.25 | Bideauxite | Pb2AgCl3(F,OH)2 |
| 3.DB.35 | Hematophanite | Pb4Fe3O8(OH,Cl) |
| 3.DB.40 | Asisite | Pb7SiO9Cl2 |
| 3.DB.40 | Parkinsonite | Pb7MoO9Cl2 |
| 3.DB.40 | Janchevite | Pb7V5+(O8.5◻0.5)Cl2 |
| 3.DB.45 | Murdochite | PbCu6O8-x(Cl,Br)2x |
| 3.DB.45 | Eddavidite | Pb2Cu12O15Br2 |
| 3.DB.50 | Yedlinite | Pb6Cr3+Cl6(O,OH,H2O)8 |
| 3.DB.55 | Siidraite | Pb2Cu(OH)2I3 |
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in nitric acid.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Chloroxiphite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-953.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Chloroxiphite
Reference List:
Spencer, L. J. (1923) New lead-copper minerals from the Mendip Hills (Somerset) Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 20 (102) 67-92 doi:10.1180/minmag.1923.020.102.01
Finney, J. J., Graeber, E. J., Rosenzweig, A., Hamilton, R. D. (1977) The structure of chloroxiphite, Pb3CuO2(OH)2Cl2. Mineralogical Magazine, 41 (319) 357-361 doi:10.1180/minmag.1977.041.319.07
Alun Humphreys, D., Thomas, John H., Williams, Peter A., Symes, Robert F. (1980) The chemical stability of mendipite, diaboleïte, chloroxiphite, and cumengéite, and their relationships to other secondary lead(II) minerals. Mineralogical Magazine, 43 (331) 901-904 doi:10.1180/minmag.1980.043.331.13
Localities for Chloroxiphite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
China | |
| pubs.usgs.gov (2006) |
Germany | |
| Knoll (2003) |
Greece | |
| 62. +2 other references |
| Gelaude et al. (1996) | |
UK | |
| Day (1999) |
| BMS Newsletter 79 (http://britishmicromountsociety.homestead.com/Gannell-Smelter.html) |
| Symes (1977) +3 other references |
| Day (1999) |
| Mineralogical Magazine (1923) +2 other references |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
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Torr Works Quarry, Cranmore, Mendip, Somerset, England, UK