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Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarcticai
Regional Level Types
Larsemann HillsGroup of Hills
Prydz BayBay
Ingrid Christensen CoastCoast
Princess Elizabeth LandSector
Eastern AntarcticaRegion
AntarcticaContinent

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
69° 24' South , 76° 13' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
-69.40000,76.21667
GeoHash:
G#: jewjnq579
GRN:
S47E21
Type:
Group of Hills
Köppen climate type:
EF : Ice cap climate
Mindat Locality ID:
9971
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:9971:7
GUID (UUID V4):
fee5676d-b917-4c36-80f6-59ca95b6b6fb
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Larseman Hills


The Larsemann Hills are a series of low rounded coastal hills along the southeastern shore of Prydz Bay, Antarctica extending for 9 nautical miles (17 km) from Dålk Glacier. They were discovered in February 1935 by Captain Klarius Mikkelsen from the whaling ship Thorshavn, sent out by Norwegian whaling magnate Lars Christensen, and given this name.

The bedrock of the Larsemann Hills contains an unusually high abundance of boron and phosphate minerals and is the location of the discovery of four new species of mineral. In 2014, the Stornes Penininsula within the Larsemann Hills was declared an Antarctic Specially Protected Area due to its mineral diversity.

The terrain encompasses high amphibolite facies to granulite facies to psammitic and pelitic paragneiss, along with a small quantity of pyroxene-bearing mafic granulite and leucogranitic orthogneiss.
The Brattstrand paragneiss stands as the primary rock formation, comprising various metasedimentary units. Within these units, certain types are recognized for their high levels of boron (B), exemplified by tourmaline quartzite and a suite of borosilicate minerals like grandidierite, kornerupine, and tourmaline. This paragneiss exhibits significant features of partial melting, resulting in the formation of diverse gneiss and migmatites that feature mixtures of sillimanite and cordierite. The Søstrene orthogneiss, primarily composed of a mafic–felsic magmatic complex, is typically preserved in pelitic granulite in lens-, lentil-, and sausage-shaped forms. Following its peak in metamorphism, an actual occurrence of deep melting took place, leading to the formation of multiple pegmatites, migmatites, and garnet-containing granites. These occurrences were distributed among syenite granites and monzonitic granites. The granite is syn- and post-tectonic, and the elongated rock aligns with the overall distribution of gneiss in the surrounding rock where it is emplaced.
The distribution of the different rock types has a NE–SE direction. Most of the sequence is represented by metamorphic lithotypes. The primary tectonic line in the Larsemann Hills follows a NEE–SWW direction, while the eastern Mirror peninsula aligns NNW–SSE, forming a complex compound syncline that wraps in a NEE direction.
The deformation in the Larsemann Hills into four phases. The first phase of regional deformation (D1) occurred during the Grenvillian orogeny associated with the peak metamorphic event (M1). The second phase of deformation (D2)
resulted in tightly closed asymmetric folds. The third phase of deformation (D3) exhibited significant tensor ruptures that cut through the asymmetric folds formed in D2. Subsequently, magma intruded along tensional fracture surfaces, creating granite veins. Finally, in the D4 stage, a set of nearly equidistant and densely arranged upright broken cleavages developed.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

44 valid minerals. 3 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 1 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ Beryl
Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Boralsilite (TL)
Formula: Al16B6O30(Si2O7)
ⓘ Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
ⓘ Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
ⓘ Chladniite var. Stornesite-(Y) (FRL)
Formula: {(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'
ⓘ Chopinite (TL)
Formula: Mg3(PO4)2
Type Locality:
ⓘ Cordierite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Description: Cordierite-almandine coronas at contact hercynite/quartz or feldspar.
ⓘ Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
ⓘ Diaspore
Formula: AlO(OH)
ⓘ Dravite
Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Dumortierite
Formula: Al(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
ⓘ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘ Foitite
Formula: ◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ 'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.
ⓘ Grandidierite
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
ⓘ Graphite
Formula: C
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Hercynite
Formula: Fe2+Al2O4
Description: Associated with quartz. In corona around magnetite and ilmenite.
ⓘ Ilmenite
Formula: Fe2+TiO3
ⓘ Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)
Formula: CaFe2+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
ⓘ 'Jahnsite Group'
Formula: XM1M22M32(H2O)8(OH)2(PO4)4
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Kornerupine
Formula: Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
ⓘ Lazulite
Formula: MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.
ⓘ Mélonjosephite
Formula: CaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4)
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.
ⓘ Prismatine
Formula: (◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
ⓘ Pseudorutile
Formula: Fe2Ti3O9
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
ⓘ Sapphirine
Formula: Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
ⓘ Schorl
Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘ Siderite ?
Formula: FeCO3
Description: (Listed as "Fe carbonate"; species not confirmed.)
ⓘ Sillimanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.
ⓘ Souzalite ?
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Description: (Listed as a "souzalite-like" phase.)
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
ⓘ Tassieite (TL)
Formula: (Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
Type Locality:
ⓘ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ Wagnerite
Formula: (Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
ⓘ 'Wagnerite-Ma5bc'
ⓘ Werdingite
Formula: (Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)
Formula: Y(PO4)
ⓘ Zircon
Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘGraphite1.CB.05aC
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘHercynite4.BB.05Fe2+Al2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘCorundum4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘPseudorutile4.CB.25Fe2Ti3O9
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘCassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
ⓘDiaspore4.FD.10AlO(OH)
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘSiderite ?5.AB.05FeCO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘCelestine7.AD.35SrSO4
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘChopinite (TL)8.AB.15Mg3(PO4)2
ⓘChladniite
var. Stornesite-(Y) (TL)		8.AC.50{(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
ⓘXenotime-(Y)8.AD.35Y(PO4)
ⓘMonazite-(Ce)8.AD.50Ce(PO4)
ⓘWagnerite8.BB.15(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
ⓘLazulite8.BB.40MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘMélonjosephite8.BG.10CaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
ⓘFluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
ⓘTassieite (TL)8.CF.05(Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
ⓘSouzalite ?8.DC.45(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘJahnsite-(CaFeMg)8.DH.15CaFe2+Mg2Fe3+2(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘAlmandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘSillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘAndalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘGrandidierite9.AJ.05(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
ⓘDumortierite9.AJ.10Al(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
ⓘBoralsilite (TL)9.BD.30Al16B6O30(Si2O7)
ⓘWerdingite9.BD.35(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
ⓘPrismatine9.BJ.50(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
ⓘKornerupine9.BJ.50Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
ⓘBeryl9.CJ.05Be3Al2(Si6O18)
ⓘCordierite9.CJ.10(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
ⓘFoitite9.CK.05◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘDravite9.CK.05NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘSchorl9.CK.05NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
ⓘSapphirine9.DH.45Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
ⓘMuscovite
var. Sericite		9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMicrocline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'-
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ'Jahnsite Group'-XM1M22M32(H2O)8(OH)2(PO4)4
ⓘ'Wagnerite-Ma5bc'-
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Hⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Hⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Hⓘ MélonjosephiteCaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Hⓘ Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Prismatine(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Tassieite(Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Hⓘ Jahnsite GroupXM1M22M32(H2O)8(OH)2(PO4)4
Hⓘ Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
BeBeryllium
Beⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
BBoron
Bⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Bⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Bⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Bⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Bⓘ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Bⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Bⓘ BoralsiliteAl16B6O30(Si2O7)
Bⓘ Prismatine(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
CCarbon
Cⓘ GraphiteC
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Oⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
Oⓘ CelestineSrSO4
Oⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Oⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Oⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Oⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Oⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Oⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Oⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Oⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MélonjosephiteCaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ PseudorutileFe2Ti3O9
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Oⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Oⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Oⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Oⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Oⓘ BoralsiliteAl16B6O30(Si2O7)
Oⓘ Prismatine(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Chladniite var. Stornesite-(Y){(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
Oⓘ Tassieite(Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ ChopiniteMg3(PO4)2
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oⓘ Jahnsite GroupXM1M22M32(H2O)8(OH)2(PO4)4
Oⓘ Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
FFluorine
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Fⓘ Prismatine(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
Fⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Naⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Naⓘ Chladniite var. Stornesite-(Y){(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
Naⓘ Tassieite(Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Mgⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Mgⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Mgⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Mgⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Mgⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Mgⓘ Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Mgⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Mgⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Mgⓘ Prismatine(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
Mgⓘ Chladniite var. Stornesite-(Y){(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
Mgⓘ Tassieite(Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
Mgⓘ ChopiniteMg3(PO4)2
Mgⓘ Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Alⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Alⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Alⓘ DiasporeAlO(OH)
Alⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Alⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Alⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Alⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Alⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Alⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Alⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Alⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Alⓘ BoralsiliteAl16B6O30(Si2O7)
Alⓘ Prismatine(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ BerylBe3Al2(Si6O18)
Siⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Siⓘ DraviteNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)
Siⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Siⓘ KornerupineMg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SapphirineMg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36]
Siⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Siⓘ SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Siⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
Siⓘ BoralsiliteAl16B6O30(Si2O7)
Siⓘ Prismatine(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pⓘ LazuliteMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2
Pⓘ MélonjosephiteCaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
Pⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
Pⓘ Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Pⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Pⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Pⓘ Chladniite var. Stornesite-(Y){(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
Pⓘ Tassieite(Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
Pⓘ ChopiniteMg3(PO4)2
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Pⓘ Jahnsite GroupXM1M22M32(H2O)8(OH)2(PO4)4
Pⓘ Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
SSulfur
Sⓘ CelestineSrSO4
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
ClChlorine
Clⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caⓘ MélonjosephiteCaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ Chladniite var. Stornesite-(Y){(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
Caⓘ Tassieite(Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Caⓘ Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Tiⓘ PseudorutileFe2Ti3O9
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
FeIron
Feⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ Cordierite(Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)
Feⓘ Foitite◻(Fe22+Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Feⓘ Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ HercyniteFe2+Al2O4
Feⓘ IlmeniteFe2+TiO3
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MélonjosephiteCaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)
Feⓘ PseudorutileFe2Ti3O9
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ SchorlNaFe32+Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ Souzalite(Mg,Fe2+)3(Al,Fe3+)4(PO4)4(OH)6 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Wagnerite(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)F
Feⓘ Werdingite(Mg,Fe)2Al14Si4B4O37
Feⓘ Prismatine(◻,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)5Al4Si2(Si,Al)2(B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22
Feⓘ Chladniite var. Stornesite-(Y){(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
Feⓘ Tassieite(Na,◻)Ca2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+)2(Fe2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)2(PO4)6 · 2H2O
Feⓘ Jahnsite-(CaFeMg)CaFe2+Mg2Fe23+(PO4)4(OH)2 · 8H2O
SrStrontium
Srⓘ CelestineSrSO4
YYttrium
Yⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Yⓘ Chladniite var. Stornesite-(Y){(Y, Ca)}{Na6◻2}{(Ca,Na)8}{(Mg,Fe2+)43}(PO4)36
ZrZirconium
Zrⓘ ZirconZr(SiO4)
SnTin
Snⓘ CassiteriteSnO2
CeCerium
Ceⓘ Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larsemann_Hills
Wikidata ID:Q3307731

Localities in this Region

Antarctica
Antarctica

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Antarctic MeteoritesGroup of Meteorite Fall Locations
Antarctic PlateTectonic Plate

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References

Carson, C.J., Hand, M., Dirks, P.H.G.M. (1995) Stable coexistence of grandidierite and kornerupine during medium pressure granulite facies metamorphism. Mineralogical Magazine, 59, 327-339.
Grew, E. S. (1998) Boron and beryllium minerals in granulite-facies pegmatites and implications of beryllium pegmatites for the origin and evolution of the Archean Napier Complex of East Antarctica. Memoirs of the National Institute of Polar Research, Special Issue, 53. 74-92
Grew, E.S., Carson, C.J., Yates, M.G. (2004) Diverse borosilicate assemblages in anatectic granitic pegmatites cutting boron-rich granulite-facies rocks of the Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica. Geological Society of America Abstr. Programs, 36(5), 115.
Liudong Ren, Yanbin Wang, Yue Zhao (2007) Formation Process of Sapphirine and Related Mineral Association in the High-grade Region of the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. Journal of Jilin University, Earth Science Edition, 52(5), 848-855.
Wadoski, E. R., Grew, E. S., Yates, M. G. (2011) Compositional evolution of tourmaline-supergroup minerals from granitic pegmatites in the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. The Canadian Mineralogist, 49 (1) 381-405 doi:10.3749/canmin.49.1.381
Maas, R., Grew, E.S., Carson, C.J. (2015) Isotopic Constraints (Pb, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd) on the Sources of Early Cambrian Pegmatites with Boron and Beryllium Minerals in the Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, Antarctica. The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 249-272.
[1]Zong, Shi, Cui, Yingchun, Ren, Liudong, Zhang, Hao, Chen, Shaocong, Wang, Weixuan, Li, Shenggui (2024) Geochemical Characteristics, Zircon U-Pb Ages and Lu-Hf Isotopes of Pan-African Pegmatites from the Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica and Their Tectonic Implications. Minerals, 14 (1) doi:10.3390/min14010055
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