Hercynite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Hercynite
Formula:
Fe2+Al2O4
Colour:
Dark blue-green, yellow, brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
7½
Specific Gravity:
4.39 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1839 by František Xaver Maximilian Zippe from the Latin name for the Bohemian Forest, Silva Hercynia, where the species was first found.
Spinel Group, Al series. Chromite-Hercynite Series. Gahnite-Hercynite Series, Spinel-Hercynite Series.
Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Hercynite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1875
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1875:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
68d09393-be81-4e17-8b95-1661723d4c09
IMA Classification of Hercynite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1839
Classification of Hercynite
4.BB.05
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
7.2.1.3
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
7.20.14
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
20 : Oxides of Fe
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
20 : Oxides of Fe
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Hc | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Hc | Siivolam & Schmid (2007) | Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download |
Hc | Whitney & Evans (2010) | Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371 |
Hc | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Hercynite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Dark blue-green, yellow, brown
Streak:
Dark greyish green to dark green
Hardness:
7½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
4.39 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Hercynite
Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 1.80 - 1.83
Birefringence:
Isotropic minerals have no birefringence
Surface Relief:
Very High
Reflectivity:
Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
---|---|---|
400nm | 8.24% | 0.70% |
420nm | 8.17% | 0.67% |
440nm | 8.06% | 0.66% |
460nm | 7.96% | 0.65% |
470nm | 7.9% | 0.64% |
480nm | 7.84% | 0.64% |
500nm | 7.75% | 0.63% |
520nm | 7.65% | 0.62% |
540nm | 7.58% | 0.61% |
546nm | 7.56% | 0.61% |
560nm | 7.53% | 0.60% |
580nm | 7.52% | 0.61% |
589nm | 7.52% | 0.60% |
600nm | 7.53% | 0.61% |
620nm | 7.57% | 0.62% |
640nm | 7.58% | 0.62% |
650nm | 7.6% | 0.62% |
660nm | 7.59% | 0.62% |
680nm | 7.6% | 0.63% |
700nm | 7.59% | 0.63% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 8.24%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Gray
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Comments:
Reflectance data for material from Chennimalai, Erode, Coimbatore, India, containing 14.8 wt% MgO (Criddle & Stanley, 1993).
Chemistry of Hercynite
Mindat Formula:
Fe2+Al2O4
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Hercynite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Fd3m
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.119 Å
Unit Cell V:
535.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Crystals usually octahedral.
Twinning:
Common on {111}, (spinel law).
Comment:
Bowles et al. (2011) summarize results showing cell dimension for synthetic material depends on method of preparation and quenching temperature.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000958 | Hercynite | Hill R J (1984) X-ray powder diffraction profile refinement of synthetic hercynite inversion parameter = .163 American Mineralogist 69 937-942 | 1984 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002031 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 298 | ||
0002032 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 473 | ||
0002033 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 673 | ||
0002034 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 723 | ||
0002035 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 773 | ||
0002036 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 823 | ||
0002037 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 873 | ||
0002038 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 923 | ||
0002039 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 973 | ||
0002040 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1023 | ||
0002041 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1073 | ||
0002042 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1123 | ||
0002043 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1173 | ||
0002044 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1223 | ||
0002045 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1273 | ||
0002046 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1323 | ||
0002047 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1373 | ||
0002048 | Hercynite | Harrison R J, Redfern S A T, O'Neill H St C (1998) The temperature dependence of the cation distribution in synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from in-situ neutron structure refinements American Mineralogist 83 1092-1099 | 1998 | 0 | 1423 | ||
0002873 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002874 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002875 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002876 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002877 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002878 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002879 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002880 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002881 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0002882 | Hercynite | Andreozzi G B, Lucchesi S (2002) Intersite distribution of Fe2+ and Mg in the spinel (sensu stricto) - hercynite series by single-crystal X-ray diffraction American Mineralogist 87 1113-1120 | 2002 | 0 | 293 | ||
0004917 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Cesare B, Alvarez-Valero A M, Uchida H, Downs R T, Koneva A, Dera P (2009) Closure temperatures of intracrystalline ordering in anatectic and metamorphic hercynite, Fe2+Al2O4 American Mineralogist 94 657-665 | 2009 | El Hoyazo, lavas of the Neogene Volcanic Province of SE Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0004918 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Cesare B, Alvarez-Valero A M, Uchida H, Downs R T, Koneva A, Dera P (2009) Closure temperatures of intracrystalline ordering in anatectic and metamorphic hercynite, Fe2+Al2O4 American Mineralogist 94 657-665 | 2009 | El Hoyazo, lavas of the Neogene Volcanic Province of SE Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0004919 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Cesare B, Alvarez-Valero A M, Uchida H, Downs R T, Koneva A, Dera P (2009) Closure temperatures of intracrystalline ordering in anatectic and metamorphic hercynite, Fe2+Al2O4 American Mineralogist 94 657-665 | 2009 | El Hoyazo, lavas of the Neogene Volcanic Province of SE Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0004920 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Cesare B, Alvarez-Valero A M, Uchida H, Downs R T, Koneva A, Dera P (2009) Closure temperatures of intracrystalline ordering in anatectic and metamorphic hercynite, Fe2+Al2O4 American Mineralogist 94 657-665 | 2009 | El Hoyazo, lavas of the Neogene Volcanic Province of SE Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0004921 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Cesare B, Alvarez-Valero A M, Uchida H, Downs R T, Koneva A, Dera P (2009) Closure temperatures of intracrystalline ordering in anatectic and metamorphic hercynite, Fe2+Al2O4 American Mineralogist 94 657-665 | 2009 | El Hoyazo, lavas of the Neogene Volcanic Province of SE Spain | 0 | 293 | |
0004922 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Cesare B, Alvarez-Valero A M, Uchida H, Downs R T, Koneva A, Dera P (2009) Closure temperatures of intracrystalline ordering in anatectic and metamorphic hercynite, Fe2+Al2O4 American Mineralogist 94 657-665 | 2009 | the Anga metamorphic complex, Lake Baikal, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
0004923 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Cesare B, Alvarez-Valero A M, Uchida H, Downs R T, Koneva A, Dera P (2009) Closure temperatures of intracrystalline ordering in anatectic and metamorphic hercynite, Fe2+Al2O4 American Mineralogist 94 657-665 | 2009 | the Anga metamorphic complex, Lake Baikal, Russia | 0 | 293 | |
0006509 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006510 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006511 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006512 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006513 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006514 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006515 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006516 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006517 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006518 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006519 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006520 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006521 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006522 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006523 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006524 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006525 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006526 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0006527 | Hercynite | Larsson L, O'Neill H St C, Annersten H (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mossbauer spectroscopy European Journal of Mineralogy 6 39-51 | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0007892 | Hercynite | Waerenborgh J C, Figueiredo M O, Cabral J M P, Pereira L C J (1994) Powder XRD structure refinements and 57Fe Mossbauer effect study of synthetic Zn1-xFexAl2O4 (o | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0007893 | Hercynite | Waerenborgh J C, Figueiredo M O, Cabral J M P, Pereira L C J (1994) Powder XRD structure refinements and 57Fe Mossbauer effect study of synthetic Zn1-xFexAl2O4 (o | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0007896 | Hercynite | Waerenborgh J C, Figueiredo M O, Cabral J M P, Pereira L C J (1994) Powder XRD structure refinements and 57Fe Mossbauer effect study of synthetic Zn1-xFexAl2O4 (o | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0007897 | Hercynite | Waerenborgh J C, Figueiredo M O, Cabral J M P, Pereira L C J (1994) Powder XRD structure refinements and 57Fe Mossbauer effect study of synthetic Zn1-xFexAl2O4 (o | 1994 | 0 | 293 | ||
0008938 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 293 | ||
0008939 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 773 | ||
0008940 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 773 | ||
0008941 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 773 | ||
0008942 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 773 | ||
0008943 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008944 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008945 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008946 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008947 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008948 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008949 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008950 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008951 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0008952 | Hercynite | Lavina B, Princivalle F, Della Giusta A (2005) Controlled time-temperature oxidation reaction in a synthetic Mg-hercynite Spinel structure Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 32 83-88 | 2005 | 0 | 873 | ||
0012952 | Hercynite | Verwey E J W, Heilmann E L (1947) Physical properties and cation arrangement of oxides with spinel structures Journal of Chemical Physics 15 174-180 | 1947 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.459 Å | (100) |
2.884 Å | (58) |
1.442 Å | (50) |
1.570 Å | (41) |
0.8324 Å | (22) |
2.039 Å | (17) |
1.665 Å | (17) |
Comments:
Synthetic
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 2: Planetesimal differentiation and alteration | 4.566-4.550 |
5 : Primary asteroid phases | 4.566–4.560 |
6 : Secondary asteroid phases | 4.566-4.560 |
Stage 3a: Earth’s earliest Hadean crust | >4.50 |
7 : Ultramafic igneous rocks | |
8 : Mafic igneous rocks | |
Near-surface Processes | |
23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics | <3.5-2.5 |
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies) | |
Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
50 : Coal and/or oil shale minerals | <0.36 |
Stage 10b: Anthropogenic minerals | <10 Ka |
54 : Coal and other mine fire minerals (see also #51 and #56) |
Type Occurrence of Hercynite
Synonyms of Hercynite
Other Language Names for Hercynite
Varieties of Hercynite
Chromohercynite | A chromian variety of Hercynite. Compare with Alumochromite. |
Chrompicotite | A variety of 'Picotite' (= Hercynite). |
Cobaltochrompicotite | A cobaltian variety of Chrompicotite. |
Picotite | Mg- and Cr-bearing hercynite. |
Relationship of Hercynite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Cochromite | CoCr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Coulsonite | Fe2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Cuprospinel | Cu2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) |
Dellagiustaite | V2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Deltalumite | (Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4 | Tet. 4 2m : P4m2 |
Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Galaxite | Mn2+Al2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Guite | Co2+Co3+2O4 | Iso. |
Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
Jacobsite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Jacobsite-Q | Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn3+)2O4 | Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/amd |
Maghemite | (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4 | Iso. 4 3 2 : P41 3 2 |
Magnesiochromite | MgCr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Magnesiocoulsonite | MgV2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) |
Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Manganochromite | Mn2+Cr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Nichromite | (Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Spinel | MgAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Thermaerogenite | CuAl2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Titanomaghemite | (Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4 | Iso. 4 3 2 : P43 3 2 |
Trevorite | Ni2+Fe3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
UM1994-06-O:AlCo | CoAl2O4 | |
Vuorelainenite | Mn2+V3+2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Zincochromite | ZnCr2O4 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Fd3m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
8 photos of Hercynite associated with Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
4 photos of Hercynite associated with Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
3 photos of Hercynite associated with Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
3 photos of Hercynite associated with Iron | Fe |
3 photos of Hercynite associated with Troilite | FeS |
3 photos of Hercynite associated with Glass | |
3 photos of Hercynite associated with Metamudstone | |
2 photos of Hercynite associated with Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
2 photos of Hercynite associated with Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 |
1 photo of Hercynite associated with Rutile | TiO2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
4.BB. | Elgoresyite | (Mg5Si2)O9 |
4.BB. | Chenmingite | FeCr2O4 |
4.BB. | Dellagiustaite | V2+Al2O4 |
4.BB. | Thermaerogenite | CuAl2O4 |
4.BB. | Chukochenite | LiAl5O8 |
4.BB. | Garpenbergite | Mn6◻AsSbO10(OH)2 |
4.BB. | Magnéliite | Ti3+2Ti4+2O7 |
4.BB. | Jianmuite | ZrTi4+Ti3+5Al3O16 |
4.BB.05 | Chromite | Fe2+Cr3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Cochromite | CoCr2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Coulsonite | Fe2+V3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Cuprospinel | Cu2+Fe3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Filipstadite | (Fe3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mn2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Franklinite | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Galaxite | Mn2+Al2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Jacobsite | Mn2+Fe3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Manganochromite | Mn2+Cr2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Magnesiocoulsonite | MgV2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Magnesiochromite | MgCr2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Magnetite | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Nichromite | (Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Qandilite | (Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4 |
4.BB.05 | Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Trevorite | Ni2+Fe3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Ulvöspinel | TiFe2+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Vuorelainenite | Mn2+V3+2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Zincochromite | ZnCr2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Harmunite | CaFe2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Wernerkrauseite | Ca(Fe3+,Mn3+)2Mn4+O6 |
4.BB.05 | Deltalumite | (Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4 |
4.BB.05 | Guite | Co2+Co3+2O4 |
4.BB.10 | Hausmannite | Mn2+Mn3+2O4 |
4.BB.10 | Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
4.BB.10 | Manganostibite | (Mn,Fe)7SbAsO12 |
4.BB.15 | Maghemite | (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4 |
4.BB.15 | Titanomaghemite | (Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4 |
4.BB.20 | Tegengrenite | (Mn3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mg2O4 |
4.BB.25 | Xieite | Fe2+Cr2O4 |
4.BB.30 | Carmeltazite | ZrAl2Ti4O11 |
4.BB.35 | Feiite | Fe2+2(Fe2+Ti4+)O5 |
4.BB.40 | Maohokite | MgFe2O4 |
4.BB.45 | Tschaunerite | (Fe2+)(Fe2+Ti4+)O4 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Hercynite in petrology
An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.
Internet Links for Hercynite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1875.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Hercynite
Reference List:
Verwey, E. J. W., Heilmann, E. L. (1947) Physical Properties and Cation Arrangement of Oxides with Spinel Structures I. Cation Arrangement in Spinels. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 15 (4) 174-180 doi:10.1063/1.1746464
Criddle, A. J., Stanley, C. J. (1993) Quantitative Data File for Ore Minerals. Springer Netherlands.
Larsson, Lena, O'neill, Hugh St.C., Annersten, Hans (1994) Crystal chemistry of synthetic hercynite (FeAl2O4) from XRD structural refinements and Mössbauer spectroscopy. European Journal of Mineralogy, 6 (1) 39-52 doi:10.1127/ejm/6/1/0039
Localities for Hercynite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria | |
| J.P. Lorand and J.Y. Cottin |
| C. Hejny et al. (2002) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| M. Guiraud |
Antarctica | |
| Crozaz et al. (1988) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
Grew et al. (2007) | |
| Brearley et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
| Mikouchi et al. (1996) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. +1 other reference |
Argentina | |
| The Canadian Mineralogist et al. (2004) |
| Zappettini (1999) |
Australia | |
| Sheppard et al. (1995) |
| Birch (1999) |
| |
Am Min 93:283-299 +1 other reference | |
| Teertstra et al. (1999) |
| Buckley et al. (2010) |
| Sutherland |
| Verdugo-Ihl et al. (2021) |
Ciobanu et al. (2019) | |
| Keller et al. (1992) |
| McGee (2005) |
| Bottrill et al. (2008) |
| Parbhakar-Fox |
| MinMag 66 (6) |
Downes et al. (2002) | |
| Fetherston et al. (2013) |
Austria | |
| U. Kolitsch et al. (2009) |
| J. E. Zirkl: Der Karinthin 43/44:175-188 (1961) |
| Kolitsch (2019) |
| Kolitsch (2015) |
| Kolitsch (2015) |
| Carswell (1991) |
| Siddiqi (1971) |
| Neschen (n.d.) +1 other reference |
| Exel (1993) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Exel (1993) |
| Aufschluss 1972 (SB) |
| Exel (1993) +1 other reference |
| Postl et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| Bojar (2021) |
| Brandstetter (1998) |
| E.Reiter (Oberösterreichs 1930 – 1982) |
Belgium | |
| Ottenburgs et al. (1998) |
Brazil | |
| Foo et al. (2012) |
| Overstreet |
| E.P. Oliveira (1995) |
| Kaminsky et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Washington (1929) |
| Rosa et al. (2018) |
| Massuda et al. (2020) |
Bulgaria | |
| I. Kostov et al. (1964) |
Burkina Faso | |
| Schaeneman (1994) |
Cambodia | |
| Eldridge M. Moores (1997) |
| Eldridge M. Moores (1997) |
Canada | |
| Bernier et al. (1990) |
| Calvert C. Bristol and Edgar Froese (1989) |
| Berg et al. (1976) |
Chusi Li et al. (2001) | |
| Chusi Li et al. (2001) +2 other references |
| Pe-Piper et al. (2024) |
| Lougheed +3 other references |
| The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 38 (2000) |
| Grew et al. (2010) |
| Petersen et al. (1989) |
| GOLD (1972) |
GOLD et al. (1986) | |
| HORVÁTH et al. (2000) +1 other reference |
| Arguin et al. (2018) |
| Sabina (2003) |
| Horváth collection - XRD |
| Steadman et al. (2015) |
Cape Verde | |
| Zaccarini et al. (2024) |
Chile | |
| C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data) |
China | |
| Yi-Li et al. (2023) |
| Gupta +1 other reference |
| Zhang Wusheng and Chen Jie (1996) |
| Geological Society of America Abstracts ... |
| Gao et al. (2019) |
| Fuwen Chen (1990) |
| Changbi Li (1991) |
| Liu et al. (2024) |
| Liu et al. (2024) |
Liu et al. (2024) | |
| C. Lemanski (re-entry lost Mindat data) |
| Yushan Wang (1990) |
| Yanling Tang (2005) |
| Yuan Li (1998) |
Cuba | |
| Economic Geology +4 other references |
Czech Republic | |
| Kratochvíl |
| Gadas et al. (2011) |
| Lukas Jankaj specimen |
Scharm +7 other references | |
| Jirásek J. (2018) |
| [var: Chromohercynite] Zimák |
| [AM 69 (1984) +1 other reference |
| Svoboda J. |
| Fiala |
| Čopjaková R. |
| Žáček V |
| Mísař |
| Němec et al. (monografie hadce) |
| Keck et al. (2010) |
Czech Republic/Poland | |
Lis et al. (1986) | |
Ecuador | |
| Ricardo D Escobar et al. (2012) |
Egypt | |
| Methot et al. (1974) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
Ethiopia | |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
Europe | |
Berbain et al. (2012) | |
Finland | |
| Ilkka Mikkola data |
| Hytönen (1999) |
| Burke et al. (1981) |
| Niskanen (2014) |
| Pérez del Villar et al. (386) |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) |
France | |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| F.H Forestier "Les Péridotites ... |
F.H Forestier "Les Péridotites ... | |
| F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites ... +1 other reference |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| FORESTIER F. H. (1969) |
| |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| F.H. Forestier : "Les Péridotites ... |
| Leblanc et al. (1987) |
| Brearley et al. (1998) |
| Périnet (n.d.) |
| H. Azais |
| H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... |
| H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... |
H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... | |
| H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... |
| H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... |
H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... | |
| H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... |
H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... | |
H. Azias et al. : "Le problème du ... | |
| |
| |
| J.L. Bodinier et al. et al. (30) |
| J.L. Bodinier et al. et al. (30) |
| Boutry et al. (1986) |
| R.C. Maury and P. Picot : "Conditions ... |
| Berbain et al. (2012) |
| Berbain et al. (2012) |
| Guitard (2010) |
| Mari et al. (1979) |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Walenta (1960) |
| Obermüller et al. (1993) |
| Pfaffl et al. (1992) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Pöllmann et al. (2007) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Wedepohl (1954) |
| Moreva-Perekalina (1985) |
| Frechen (1976) |
| Vogelsang |
| Brauns |
Brauns | |
| Hentschel (1983) |
| Brauns |
Brauns +1 other reference | |
Brauns | |
| Brauns |
| Brauns |
| Blass et al. (2004) |
| Brauns |
| Guth et al. (Löley) |
| Haardt |
| Köster (1960) |
| Rose (1868) |
| Paul (1995) |
Greece | |
| Wang et al. (2017) |
Greenland | |
| Contrib.Mineral Petrol (1981) |
| Petersen et al. (1993) |
Hungary | |
| Mineral Species of Hungary |
| Mineral Species of Hungary |
| C. Szabó et al. |
| EGU / EGS - AGU - EUG Joint Assembly et al. (Bakony-Balaton Highland) |
| XVI ECROFI European Current Research On Fluid Inclusions et al. (Eds F. Noronha, A. Dória and A. Guedes) |
| Mineral Species of Hungary |
India | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Treiman (1985) |
| Noonan et al. (1976) |
| Krishnamurthy (1985) +1 other reference |
| C.V. Dharma Rao et al. (2012) |
| Grew et al. (1) |
| Sharma |
Indonesia | |
| Lianshun Feng (1996) |
Iran | |
| Nezafati et al. (2017) |
Ireland | |
| B. P. Atkin (1978) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| Toffolo (2012-13) |
| Tumiati et al. (2005) |
| Mineralogical Magazine +1 other reference |
| Mondillo N. et al. (2011) |
| Maruyama et al. (2008) +1 other reference |
| Bertacchini et al. (1999) |
| Galli (1963) |
| Schingaro E. et al. (2001) |
| |
| Parodi et al. (1989) |
| Antofilli |
| Galli M. (1970) |
Galli M. (1970) | |
| Vinci (1964) |
| AA. VV. |
| Sanero (1932) |
Sanero (1932) | |
| The Canadian Mineralogist |
Piccoli et al. (2007) | |
Piccoli et al. (2007) | |
| Cossa (1877) +1 other reference |
Natale et al. (1976) | |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| S. Tonarini et al. |
| Rotolo et al. (2006) |
| 86 (in German) +1 other reference |
| Martins da Pedra collection |
| Costagliola et al. (2008) |
| Benvenuti et al. (2000) |
| Prosperi et al. (2013) |
| Manasse E. (1922) |
| Meli et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
Ivory Coast | |
| Gouedji et al. (2014) |
| [var: Chromohercynite] Pouclet A. et al. (2004) |
Japan | |
| Shimazaki et al. (1984) |
| Masaru Yamaguchi (1964) |
| Osakabe et al. (1983) |
| M. Yamaguchi (1961) |
| Takahata +1 other reference |
Takahata +1 other reference | |
| Tokiko Tiba (1989) |
| Katou (1925) |
| Okamoto collection (curated at the Geological Survey museum, Japan) |
Katou (1925) | |
| Matsueda (1980) |
| Masaru Yamaguchi (1964) |
Masaru Yamaguchi (1964) | |
| Masaru Yamaguchi (1964) |
| Masaru Yamaguchi (1964) |
| Masaru Yamaguchi (1964) |
| Petrov (n.d.) |
Kazakhstan | |
| Hwang et al. (2006) |
| Korobkin et al. (2022) |
| |
Kyrgyzstan | |
| Kievlenko et al. (2003) |
Lesotho | |
| Mathias et al. (1970) |
Libya | |
| Bukovanská et al. (2003) |
Lithuania | |
| Prušinskienė et al. (2017) |
Madagascar | |
| Lacroix (1922) |
| Lacroix (1939) |
| Eur. J. Minéral +1 other reference |
| Holder et al. (2018) |
Holder et al. (2018) | |
| [var: Chromohercynite] Behier (1963) |
Malawi | |
| H.G. Dill |
| Haslam (1983) +1 other reference |
Mauritius | |
Baxter et al. (1985) | |
Mexico | |
| Brearley et al. (1998) +2 other references |
Middle East | |
Gross (1977) | |
Mongolia | |
| Savina et al. (2020) |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2017) +1 other reference |
Peretyazhko et al. (2018) | |
Morocco | |
| Kuehner et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Riches et al. (2012) |
New Zealand | |
| E. J. Searle (1961) |
E. J. Searle (1961) | |
| Appendix to the 5th ed. of Dana's ... |
| Mason (1968) |
North Korea | |
| Hideo Tsuda (1969) |
North Macedonia | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2018) |
Northwest Africa Meteorites | |
Jambon A. et al. (2008) | |
Caltech | |
Baghdadi et al. (2012) | |
Norway | |
| Brickwood (1986) |
| Kihle et al. (1992) |
| Ohta (1968) |
| Kihle (1989) |
| Touret et al. (1971) |
| Battey et al. (1977) |
| Griffin (1971) |
| Hermans et al. (1976) |
Laurent (2016) | |
| Grew et al. (1998) |
| Ohta (1968) |
| Brickwood (1986) |
Brickwood (1986) | |
| Brøgger (1921) +1 other reference |
| Robins (1984) |
Robins et al. (1979) | |
| Barth (1927) |
| Elvevold et al. (1996) |
Oman | |
| The Meteoritical Bulletin 84 (Aug.2000) |
Pacific Ocean | |
| R. Hekinian et al. |
| Peretyazhko et al. (2022) |
Peru | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
Poland | |
| Włodyka et al. (2015) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
Lis et al. (1986) | |
| Kruszewski et al. (2014) |
| Kruszewski et al. (2014) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Adamczyk Z. (2008) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Kardymowicz (1967) |
| Lis et al. (1986) |
| Manecki (Polish Geological Institute) |
| Pierwoła |
| Ciesielczuk et al. (2014) |
Portugal | |
| Dias et al. (2006) |
Republic of the Congo | |
| Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. ... |
Romania | |
| Szakáll |
Szakáll et al. (2010) | |
| Pál Molnár (2000) |
Szakáll et al. (2010) | |
Russia | |
| Kovalev et al. (2006) |
| Kiseleva +3 other references |
| Kislov +1 other reference |
| Cesnokov et al. (1998) |
Victor Grigorievich Korinevsky et al. (16) | |
| Ma et al. (2016) |
| Sklyarov +5 other references |
| Kaminsky et al. (2016) |
| Коноваленко et al. (2012) |
| Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-226-to-fkm-250/#FKM-226 for normalized analyses) |
| Ryabov et al. (2013) |
Vishnevsky et al. (1999) | |
| Erokhin et al. (2017, December) |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) |
| Olga Yakovleva et al. (2009) |
[World of Stones 95:5-6 | |
Arzamastsev et al. (2008) | |
Ivanyuk et al. (2007) | |
Menshikov et al. (2015) | |
Shlyukova Z.V. (1986) | |
Shlyukova Z.V. (1986) | |
Ivanyuk et al. (2007) | |
Ivanyuk et al. (2007) | |
Ivanyuk et al. (2007) | |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) |
Goryunov et al. (2023) | |
Orsoev et al. (1985) | |
| Mokrushin et al. (2021) |
| Rudashevskii N S et al. (1982) |
| Rakhimov et al. (2022) |
| Kazachenko et al. (2013) |
| Barkov et al. (2001) |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) |
| Trunilina et al. (2021) |
| M. Kamenetsky et al. +6 other references |
| Africano et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
| Mikhailov et al. (2021) |
| Prokof’ev et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Abuamarah et al. (2023) |
Serbia | |
| Milojkovic (1977) |
Slovakia | |
| [[1]]Reato |
Koděra (1986) | |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Koděra (1986) |
Koděra (1986) | |
Grecula (1995) | |
| Pauliš P. |
Háber et al. (Dankova, SGR Mnts) | |
Pauliš P. | |
| Koděra (1986) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| McCreesh et al. (2018) |
| Armitage et al. (2002) |
| Grobler et al. (2019) |
| Moore et al. (1990) |
| Paper No. 132–134. +1 other reference |
[var: Picotite] Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
Spain | |
| Stefan Schorn specimen (Groebner analysis) +1 other reference |
| Alejandro Sánchez Jiménez |
| Romero Silva (2003) |
| Romero Silva (2003) |
| Portillo-Blanco +5 other references |
| Abad +3 other references |
| E. Salvioli-mariani et al. |
| J. Kornprobst: "Petrographical study of ... |
| Pascual +1 other reference |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| E. Salvioli-mariani et al. |
Sri Lanka | |
| Müller et al. (2006) |
King (n.d.) | |
Sweden | |
| |
| |
| Eichstädt (1884) |
| Damman (1989) |
| Johan Söderhielm |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
Stalder et al. (1998) | |
Stalder et al. (1998) | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
Stalder et al. (1998) | |
| Weiβ et al. (2007) |
| Ansermet et al. (2012) |
Ansermet et al. (2012) | |
Taiwan | |
| Zhengzhang Tao (1992) |
Tajikistan | |
| Sharygin et al. (2009) |
Tanzania | |
| Frank K. Mazdab collection |
| Yang +2 other references |
| Journal of Petrology et al. (29) |
C.T. Lee et al. | |
| Maaskant et al. (1980) |
Thailand | |
| Färber (n.d.) |
Turkey | |
| Goryunov et al. (2023) |
| Günay et al. (2016) |
Uganda | |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
UK | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Ford et al. (1993) |
| Helmers et al. (1988) |
Ukraine | |
| Gornostayev et al. (2002) |
USA | |
| Min Rec 35:5 pp383-404 |
| - (2008) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Uchida et. al (2005) |
| Jesse Crawford |
Berger et al. (2009) | |
Rocks & Min.: 63:109. | |
| Diller (1891) +2 other references |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 146. +3 other references |
| Hanks (1884) +2 other references |
| Carpenter et al. (1966) |
| Jahns et al. (1951) |
| - (2005) |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 148. +4 other references |
| - (2005) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Cook (1978) |
| Van Gosen (2005) |
| GEOLOGY +4 other references |
| - (2005) |
| Carlson et al. (2021) |
| - (n.d.) |
| Rainville et al. (1976) |
keck.wooster.edu (n.d.) | |
| W. B. Thompson et al. (2005) |
| Anderson |
| Gilman |
| Gobla (2012) |
| Rumble et al. (1988) |
| |
| Betancourt et al. (2) +2 other references |
| Dunn (1995) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Yale Peabody Museum |
| Contributions to Mineralogy and ... |
| Jensen (1978) |
| Eur. J. Mineral. |
| Manchester (1931) +1 other reference |
| |
| McSween et al. (1984) |
| EL-Shazley et al. (2011) |
| McSween Jr et al. (1984) |
| McSween et al. (1984) |
| Thomlinson (1942) |
| Audétat (2010) |
| Caillet et al. (1995) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| serc.carleton.edu (n.d.) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
Dietrich (1990) | |
| Dana 7:694 |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Cannon (1975) |
| Farquhar et al. (8) |
Vietnam | |
| Khoi et al. (2011) |
Zimbabwe | |
| Grew et al. (1997) |
The Moon | |
| El Goresy et al. (1971) |
| Mokhov A.V. et al. (2018) |
Quick NavTopAbout HercyniteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesVarietiesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationHercynite in petrologyInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Laacher See Volcanic Complex, Germany