Mixite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Mixite
Anton Mixa
Formula:
BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Colour:
pale green, blue-green, emerald-green, white; light green to colourless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
3 - 4
Specific Gravity:
3.79 - 3.83
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Member of:
Name:
Named by Albrecht Schrauf in honor of Anton Mixa [November 23, 1838 Pribram, Czech Republic - July 21, 1906 Pribram, Czech Republic], a mining engineer and administrator in government service through the Austria-Hungary Empire and who was Czech mining director of Příbram at Jáchymov, Czech Republic.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2730
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2730:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
649b12a4-a256-4ce9-b5cf-605f7f37a239
IMA Classification of Mixite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Cu6Bi(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Classification of Mixite
8.DL.15
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
L : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 2:1
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
D : Phosphates, etc. with additional anions, with H2O
L : With large and medium-sized cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 2:1
42.5.1.1
42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : (AB)7(XO4)3Zq·xH2O
42 : HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
5 : (AB)7(XO4)3Zq·xH2O
20.6.5
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
6 : Arsenates of Bi
20 : Arsenates (also arsenates with phosphate, but without other anions)
6 : Arsenates of Bi
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Mix | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Mixite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Silky in aggregates.
Colour:
pale green, blue-green, emerald-green, white; light green to colourless in transmitted light.
Streak:
Pale bluish green
Hardness:
3 - 4 on Mohs scale
Density:
3.79 - 3.83 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.04 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Mixite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.743 - 1.749 nε = 1.810 - 1.830
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.067
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
O = Colourless
E = Bright green
E = Bright green
Chemistry of Mixite
Mindat Formula:
BiCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O
Crystallography of Mixite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6/m - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
P63/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 13.646(2) Å, c = 5.92 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.434
Unit Cell V:
954.69 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals acicular, elongated along [0001] and deeply striated vertically. Commonly occurs matted or as radial aggregates with a partial concentric fibrous structure or cross-fiber veinlets.
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0008026 | Mixite | Miletich R, Zemann J, Nowak M (1997) Reversible hydration in synthetic mixite, BiCu6(OH)6(AsO4)3.nH2O(n<=3): hydration kinetics and crystal chemistry Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 24 411-422 | 1997 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008027 | Mixite | Miletich R, Zemann J, Nowak M (1997) Reversible hydration in synthetic mixite, BiCu6(OH)6(AsO4)3.nH2O(n<=3): hydration kinetics and crystal chemistry Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 24 411-422 | 1997 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0012026 | Mixite | Mereiter K, Preisinger A (1986) Kristallstrukturdaten der wismutminerale atelestit, mixit und pucherit Anzeiger der Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften 123 79-81 | 1986 | Tintic, Utah, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 12.03 Å | (100) |
| 2.46 Å | (90) |
| 3.57 Å | (80) |
| 2.95 Å | (70) |
| 2.86 Å | (60) |
| 2.70 Å | (60) |
| 2.57 Å | (60) |
Comments:
Anton mine, Germany.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates] |
Geological Setting:
Secondary mineral in oxidationn zone of copper-bismuth deposits.
Type Occurrence of Mixite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Other Language Names for Mixite
Relationship of Mixite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Agardite-(Ce) | CeCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Agardite-(La) | LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Agardite-(Nd) | NdCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Agardite-(Y) | YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Calciopetersite | CaCu6(PO4)2(PO3OH)(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Goudeyite | AlCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. |
| Petersite-(Ce) | Cu6Ce(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Petersite-(La) | Cu6La(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Petersite-(Y) | (Y,Ce,Nd)Cu6(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. |
| Plumboagardite | (Pb,REE,Ca)Cu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
| Zálesíite | CaCu6(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)(OH)6 · 3H2O | Hex. 6/m : P63/m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 73 photos of Mixite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 56 photos of Mixite associated with Atelestite | Bi2(AsO4)O(OH) |
| 45 photos of Mixite associated with Olivenite | Cu2(AsO4)(OH) |
| 43 photos of Mixite associated with Conichalcite | CaCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 39 photos of Mixite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
| 26 photos of Mixite associated with Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| 23 photos of Mixite associated with Walpurgite | (BiO)4(UO2)(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 23 photos of Mixite associated with Eulytine | Bi4(SiO4)3 |
| 21 photos of Mixite associated with Cornwallite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| 20 photos of Mixite associated with Copper-bearing Adamite | (Zn,Cu)2AsO4OH |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.DL.05 | Foggite | CaAl(PO4)(OH)2 · H2O |
| 8.DL.10 | Cyrilovite | NaFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 8.DL.10 | Millisite | (Na,K)CaAl6(PO4)4(OH)9 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.10 | Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 8.DL.10 | Fluorowardite | NaAl3(PO4)2F2(OH)2(H2O)2 |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(Nd) | NdCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(Y) | YCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(Ce) | CeCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(Dy) | (Dy,La)Cu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Agardite-(La) | LaCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Goudeyite | AlCu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Petersite-(Y) | (Y,Ce,Nd)Cu6(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Zálesíite | CaCu6(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Plumboagardite | (Pb,REE,Ca)Cu6(AsO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Calciopetersite | CaCu6(PO4)2(PO3OH)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Petersite-(Ce) | Cu6Ce(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.15 | Petersite-(La) | Cu6La(PO4)3(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 8.DL.20 | Cheremnykhite | Pb3Zn3(VO4)2(TeO6) |
| 8.DL.20 | Dugganite | Pb3Zn3(AsO4)2(TeO6) |
| 8.DL.20 | Kuksite | Pb3Zn3(PO4)2(TeO6) |
| 8.DL.20 | Wallkilldellite | Ca2Mn2+3(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 9H2O |
| 8.DL.20 | Wallkilldellite-(Fe) | (Ca,Cu)4Fe2+6(AsO4,SiO4)4(OH,O)8 · 18H2O |
| 8.DL.25 | Angastonite | CaMgAl2(PO4)2(OH)4 · 7H2O |
| 8.DL.30 | Långbanshyttanite | Pb2Mn2Mg(AsO4)2(OH)4 · 6H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Mixite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2730.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Mixite
Reference List:
Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin Vol. 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.111
Čejka, Jiří, Sejkora, Jiří, Plášil, Jakub, Keeffe, Eloise C., Bahfenne, Silmarilly, Palmer, Sara J., Frost, Ray L. (2011) A Raman and infrared spectroscopic study of Ca2+dominant members of the mixite group from the Czech Republic. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 42 (5). 1154-1159 doi:10.1002/jrs.2817
Localities for Mixite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Lapis 8 (4) |
Australia | |
| Personal Collection of Mark Willoughby +1 other reference |
| Kolitsch et al. (1999) |
| Vera Munro-Smith (2006) |
| Downes et al. (2006) |
| Downes et al. (2006) | |
Austria | |
| G. Blass (2001) +1 other reference |
Canada | |
| Sabina (2015) +1 other reference |
Chile | |
| V. Sapienza collection |
| collected and analysed by french ... |
Czech Republic | |
| P.Pauliš |
| Sejkora et al. (2021) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference | |
| Lapis 2002 (7/8) | |
| Škácha et al. (2014) | |
| Sejkora et al. (1997) |
| Petr Pauliš (2000) +1 other reference |
| Roman Gramblička collection +1 other reference |
| Sejkora (1998) |
| Jiří Sejkora et al. (2013) | |
| Sejkora (1998) |
| Sejkora (1994) |
DR Congo | |
| Wilson (2018) |
Europe | |
| Jansa et al. (Č) +4 other references |
France | |
| R.PIERROT et al. (1973) |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) |
| Thierry Brunsperger. |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) +1 other reference |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) | |
| P&T N°23-24 et al. (Haut-Rhin) | |
| T. Brunsperger collection. |
| T. Brunsperger observations | |
| Hohh (1994) |
| Wittern |
| Minéraux et mines du massif Vosgien |
| Wittern et al. (Cologne) | |
| Escande et al. (1973) |
| Berbain (1985) |
| Lheur (2023) |
| Favreau et al. (2010) |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| Inventaire Minéralogique de la France ... | |
| Caubel (1997) |
| Dubru. M (1986) |
| Berbain et al. (2005) +1 other reference | |
| Queneau (n.d.) |
| |
| Jean-Marie Claude collection +1 other reference |
| CLAUDE Jean Marie Collection and ... | |
Germany | |
| Wittern (1995) |
| |
| Jambor et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
| Schrenk (2000) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| Wittern (2001) | |
| Slotta (2004) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| American Mineralogist +1 other reference | |
| Information from Carsten Slotta. |
| Aufschluss 1981 (5) | |
| [Lapis 1992 |
| Walenta (1992) |
| P Haas collection |
| Aufschluss 1986 (11) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Gröbner (2017) |
| Lapis (2) |
| PETITJEAN collection |
| see locality page |
| Krause et al. (1993) +1 other reference |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski | |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski | |
| [MinRech 27:465] | |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski | |
| Lapis 25 (2) | |
| Belendorff et al. (1987) | |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Lapis (4) |
| Schlegel (1991) |
| Gröbner J. et al. (2006) | |
| Kleeberg et al. (1992) |
| www.dergraul.de (2001) |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
| Frenzel (1874) | |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) | |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) | |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) | |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
| Witzke (2023) |
| Matthies (2009) |
| Gröbner et al. (2007) +1 other reference | |
| T. Witzke et al.: Lapis 2001 (12) |
Greece | |
| Voudouris et al. (2003) |
| Solomos et al. (2004) | |
| Branko Rieck collection +1 other reference | |
| Heymann (1982) | |
| Lapis et al. (1999) |
Hungary | |
| Geoda 2012/I. |
Iran | |
| Bariand et al. (1993) |
Italy | |
| Giuseppe Finello collection +1 other reference |
| Giuseppe Finello find & collection (SEM- EDS) | |
| Boscardin M. et al. (1994) |
| Ciriotti et al. (2010) |
| Caboni et al. (2018) |
| Vecchi et al. (2013) |
| Bortolozzi et al. (2021) |
| Fabio Tosato +3 other references |
| Orlandi et al. (2009) |
| Orlandi et al. (2009) | |
| Bellé et al. (1997) +2 other references |
Japan | |
| Matsubara et al (1992) |
Mexico | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Panczner (1987) |
Namibia | |
| Gebhard (1999) |
Norway | |
| Husdal (2020) |
Poland | |
| Domań +2 other references |
| Siuda et al. (2003) |
| Siuda (2011) |
Portugal | |
| Pedro Alves collection and analytical ... |
South Africa | |
| Atanasova et al. (2016) |
Spain | |
| VIÑALS et al. (2004) |
| Rewitzer et al. (2018) |
| Jimenez R. et al. (2004) |
| Sainz de Baranda Graf (2013) |
| Lapis 2002 (11) |
| issuu.com (n.d.) +1 other reference |
Switzerland | |
| Meisser (2012) |
| Ansermet (2012) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
UK | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Lapis 11 (2) |
| Golley et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
| Embrey (1978) |
| Peter Trebilcock |
| |
| |
| Golley et al. (1995) | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| Embrey (1978) +1 other reference |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
| BMS Collection +1 other reference |
| Braithwaite et al. (1990) |
| R. S. W. Braithwaite and J. R. Knight (1990) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Grant et al. (2005) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Bideaux (1980) +1 other reference |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Calif. Div. of Mines & Geology Bull. #189 et al. (1966) +1 other reference |
| Murdoch (1966) |
| Walstrom (n.d.) | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 323. +1 other reference |
| MarekC pers. coll. 2017-2018 |
| Kampf et al. (2018) |
| In the collection of Brent Thorne. ... | |
| www.mineralsocal.org |
| MarekC Collection May 2016 |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Dr. William S. Wise presentation to ... |
| Collection of Alex Earl | |
| Rocks and Minerals Volume 74 Number 6 |
| Rocks & Minerals +1 other reference |
| Jensen (1985) +1 other reference |
| Jensen (1993) | |
| R&M 77:5 p298-305 |
| Roberts et al. (1997) |
| Dana 6:1092 +2 other references |
| Dana 6:1092. | |
| Thorne (n.d.) | |
| 66. [p. 49] +1 other reference | |
| Dana 6: 1092 +2 other references | |
| Robert O. Meyer collection | |
| Collected by and in the collection of ... | |
| Thorne (n.d.) | |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Kokinos et al. (1993) |
| Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22 | |
| Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22 | |
| Thorne (n.d.) | |
| Kokinos et al. (1993) | |
| Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22 | |
| Min Rec 24:1 pp11-22 +1 other reference | |
| R&M 68:6 p381-393 |
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Hilarion Mine, Kamariza Mines, Agios Konstantinos, Lavrion Mining District, Lavreotiki, East Attica, Attica, Greece