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Macfallite

A valid IMA mineral species
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About MacfalliteHide

05798020015800402736836.jpg
Russell P. MacFall
Formula:
Ca2Mn3+3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3
Mn may be replaced by minor Al.
Colour:
Reddish-brown, maroon, dull pink
Lustre:
Sub-Adamantine, Silky
Hardness:
5
Specific Gravity:
3.43
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1979 by Paul (Paulus) Brian Moore, Jun Ito, and Ian M. Steele in honor of Russell Patterson MacFall [1 September 1903 Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 6 September 1983 Coronado, California, USA] editor for Chicago Tribune newspaper and, earlier, for other newspapers. Russ was an amateur mineralogist interested in systematic mineralogy and an author of six books on popular mineralogy, paleontology, and geology. Russ was also a specialist in the minerals of the region where macfallite was first discovered.
This page provides mineralogical data about Macfallite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
2508
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2508:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
8ceeebbe-2136-4a15-861d-310a3fea6b20

IMA Classification of MacfalliteHide

Classification of MacfalliteHide

9.BG.15

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
G : Sorosilicates with mixed SiO4 and Si2O7 groups; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
58.2.3.2

58 : SOROSILICATES Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups
2 : Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups with cations in [6] and higher coordination; single and double groups (n = 1, 2)
16.16.20

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
16 : Aluminosilicates of Mn

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
McfIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of MacfalliteHide

Sub-Adamantine, Silky
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Reddish-brown, maroon, dull pink
Streak:
Brown with a reddish tint
Hardness:
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
Density:
3.43(2) g/cm3 (Measured)    3.53 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of MacfalliteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+/-)
RI values:
nα = 1.773 - 1.775 nβ = 1.795 nγ = 1.810 - 1.815
2V:
Measured: 86° , Calculated: 78° to 88°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.037 - 0.040
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
r < v medium
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = colorless to yellow; Y = light brown; Z = dark brown to reddish brown.
Comments:
2V(meas.) = Very large

Chemistry of MacfalliteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca2Mn3+3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3

Mn may be replaced by minor Al.
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Fe,Cr,V,Cu,Mg,K,Na,H2O

Crystallography of MacfalliteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Setting:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.235(3) Å, b = 6.086(6) Å, c = 8.970(5) Å
β = 110.75(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.682 : 1 : 1.474
Unit Cell V:
522.50 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
By reflection on {100}, commonly repeated.

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000966MacfalliteMoore P B, Shen J, Araki T (1985) Crystal chemistry of the (M2)3+ phi2 sheet: Structural principles and crystal structures of ruizite, macfallite and orientite American Mineralogist 70 171-1811985Lake Manganese, Copper Harbor, Keweenaw County, Michigan, USA0293
0004767MacfalliteNagashima M, Rahmoun N S, Alekseev E V, Geiger C A, Armbruster T, Akasaka M (2008) Crystal chemistry of macfallite: Relationships to sursassite and pumpellyite American Mineralogist 93 1851-18572008Manganese Lake, Copper Harbor, Keweenaw County, Michigan0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.70 Å(100)
4.76 Å(90)
1.588 Å(85)
3.904 Å(80)
3.40 Å(70)
2.97 Å(70)
2.18 Å(70)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Near-surface Processes
22 : Hydration and low-𝑇 subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits

Type Occurrence of MacfalliteHide

General Appearance of Type Material:
radial and framboidal aggregates
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 135923; The Natural History Museum, London, England, 1984,139.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Moore, P.B., Ito, J., and Steele, I.M. (1979) Macfallite and orientite: calcium manganese (III) silicates from upper Michigan. Mineralogical Magazine: 43: 325-331.

Synonyms of MacfalliteHide

Other Language Names for MacfalliteHide

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
18 photos of Macfallite associated with CalciteCaCO3
16 photos of Macfallite associated with OrientiteCa8Mn3+10(SiO4)3(Si3O10)3(OH)10 · 4H2O
9 photos of Macfallite associated with BrauniteMn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
1 photo of Macfallite associated with Ranciéite(Ca,Mn2+)0.2(Mn4+,Mn3+)O2 · 0.6H2O
1 photo of Macfallite associated with PyrolusiteMn4+O2

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.BG.Shuiskite-(Cr)Ca2Cr3+Cr3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BG.Alnaperbøeite-(Ce)Ca(Ce2.5Na0.5)(AlAl2Al)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.MagnesiovesuvianiteCa19MgAl4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.AlumovesuvianiteCa19AlAl4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.Zoisite-(Pb)(CaPb)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.BG.Vielleaureite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(MgAlMn2+)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.Heflikite(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.Zilbermintsite-(La)(CaLa5)(Fe3+Al3Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(La)(CaLa)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Y)(CaY)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon.
9.BG.05aClinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bDissakisite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Dollaseite-(Ce)(CaCe)(MgAlMg)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aEpidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aHancockite(CaPb)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Khristovite-(Ce)(CaCe)(MgAlMn2+)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aMukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon.
9.BG.05aPiemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Piemontite-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bManganiandrosite-(La)(Mn2+La)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Tweddillite(CaSr)(Mn3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bFerriallanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(Fe3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Niigataite(CaSr)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Manganiandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Dissakisite-(La)(CaLa)(AlAlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Vanadoandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(V3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Uedaite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aEpidote-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Nd)(CaNd)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bUnnamed (Mg-analogue of Ferriallanite-(Ce))(CaCe)(Fe3+AlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bUnnamed (Mn3+-analogue of Ferriakasakaite-(Ce))(CaCe)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bFerriallanite-(La)(CaLa)(Fe3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bÅskagenite-(Nd)(Mn2+Nd)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4]OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Piemontite-(Pb)(CaPb)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bVanadoallanite-(La)(CaLa)(V3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Ferriandrosite-(La)(Mn2+La)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Androsite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(AlAlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05a vUnnamed (Ga-analogue of Epidote)(CaCa)(AlAlGa3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bUM1989-32-SiO:AlCaFeHREE(Ca0.50.5REE)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bManganiakasakaite-(La)(CaLa)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bFerriakasakaite-(Ce)(CaCe)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.9.BG.Ferriakasakaite-(La)(CaLa)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.9.BG.Ferriandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.9.BGFerriperbøeite-(Ce)CaCe3(Fe3+Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.10Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.BG.15SursassiteMn2+2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20OkhotskiteCa2Mn2+Mn3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Al2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH,O)2 · H2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe3+)Ca2Fe3+Al2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH,O)2 · H2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mn2+)Ca2Mn2+Al2(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH)2 · H2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20Shuiskite-(Mg)Ca2MgCr3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe3+)Ca2Fe3+Fe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon.
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Al)Ca2Al3(Si2O7)(SiO4)(OH,O)2 · H2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20PoppiiteCa2V3+V3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Mg)Ca2MgFe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon.
9.BG.25GanomalitePb9Ca5Mn(Si2O7)4(SiO4)OHex. 6 : P6
9.BG.25WayneburnhamitePb9Ca6(Si2O7)3(SiO4)3Hex. 6 : P6
9.BG.30RustumiteCa10(Si2O7)2(SiO4)(OH)2Cl2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.BG.35VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35WiluiteCa19MgAl4(Al,Mg)8(B,◻)4◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(O,OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.35FluorvesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(F,OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35CyprineCa19Cu2+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.35HongheiteCa19Fe2+Al4(Fe3+,Mg)8(◻4)B[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH,O)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35Milanriederite(Ca18[REE])Fe3+Al4(Mg4Al4)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35Manaevite-(Ce)(Ca13Ce4[H2O]2)Mg(Al3Mg)(Mg3Ti3Fe3+2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)8(H4O4)2]O(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.40Vyuntspakhkite-(Y)(Y,Yb)4Al2.5-1.5(Si,Al)1.5-2.5(SiO4)4O(OH)7Mon.
9.BG.45DellaiteCa6Si3O11(OH)2Tric.
9.BG.50Gatelite-(Ce)CaCe3(AlAl2Mg)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BG.50Perbøeite-(Ce)CaCe3(AlAl2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2 Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.50Ferriperbøeite-(La) CaLa3(Fe3+Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.50Perbøeite-(La)CaLa3(AlAl2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2 Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.55Västmanlandite-(Ce)CaCe3(MgAl2Mg)[Si2O7][SiO4]3F(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.60Radekškodaite-(La) (CaLa5)(Al4Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.60Radekškodaite-(Ce)(CaCe5)(Al4Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.60Radekškodaite Group(CaM5)([Fe3+Al3]Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for MacfalliteHide

References for MacfalliteHide

Localities for MacfalliteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy
 
  • Aosta Valley
    • Saint-Marcel
Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for analytical data) +1 other reference
  • Liguria
    • Genoa
      • Ne
        • Statale
//doi.org/10.57635/MICRO.2023.21.7
    • La Spezia Province
      • Borghetto di Vara
Palenzona (1990)
Japan
 
  • Hokkaidō Prefecture
    • Okhotsk Subprefecture
      • Tokoro District
Miyajima et al. (1994)
Serbia
 
  • Central Serbia
    • Bor District
      • Bor
Pačevski et al. (2016) +1 other reference
USA (TL)
 
  • Michigan
    • Keweenaw County
      • Grant Township
        • Copper Harbor
Moore et al. (1979) +2 other references
  • New Jersey
    • Sussex County
      • Franklin
        • Franklin Mine
Steven Kuitems
 
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