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Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy i
Regional Level Types
Praborna Mine Mine (Inactive)
Saint-Marcel Commune
Aosta Valley Autonomous Region
Italy - not defined -

Regional Level Types
Praborna Mine	Mine (Inactive)
Saint-Marcel	Commune
Aosta Valley	Autonomous Region
Italy	- not defined -

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Praborna panorama

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Praborna mine

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Praborna mine

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Praborna panorama

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Praborna mine

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Praborna mine

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Praborna panorama

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Praborna mine

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):

45° 40' 45'' North , 7° 26' 57'' East

Latitude & Longitude (decimal):

G#: u0j7ce8w0

Type:

Mine (Inactive) - last checked 2023

Köppen climate type:

ET : Tundra

Nearest Settlements:

Place	Population	Distance
Saint Marcel	930 (2014)	5.8km
Neyran-Etabloz	670 (2014)	6.4km
Nus	1,826 (2014)	6.9km
Fénis	1,667 (2015)	7.1km
Villefranche	593 (2014)	7.3km

Mindat Locality ID:

4543

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:2:4543:1

GUID (UUID V4):

072977f9-f51b-45e1-81cf-a176241480d2

Other/historical names associated with this locality:

Prabornaz Mine; Pralorgnan

Name(s) in local language(s):

Miniera di Prabornaz, Saint-Marcel, Valle d'Aosta, Italia

The manganese concentrations of Praborna(z) are restricted to a 4×8 m thick quartzite unit of diverse lithologies, which represent the basal part of the sedimentary cover of an ophiolite suite. Together they constituted the Piedmont Nappe which was metamorphosed up to the eclogite facies in Cretaceous times and was retrogressed in the early Tertiary.

The quartzite unit is composed of a succession of siliceous levels characterized by Mn-bearing minerals, reflecting differences in chemical composition and oxygen fugacity inherited from the original sediments. The parageneses evolved during the polyphasic Alpine metamorphism passing through a pre-eclogite blue-schist facies event, the main eclogite facies event, and the several post-eclogite stages terminating in the greenschist facies.

These Mn concentrations were subsequently penetrated by various networks of cross-cutting veins and late fractures which were responsible for the mobilization of certain elements, in particular, K, Sr, and Ba.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.

ⓘ Manganese

Mineral List

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

ⓘ var. Violan (FRL)

ⓘ Manganiandrosite-(Ce) (TL)

ⓘ Piemontite (TL)

ⓘ var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite

ⓘ 'Roméite Group' (FRL)

ⓘ Rutile

ⓘ Slavíkite ?

ⓘ Spessartine

ⓘ Strontiomelane (TL)

70 valid minerals. 4 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 2 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ Quartzite

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Actinolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Aegirine

Formula: NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for analytical data).

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Aegirine-augite

Formula: (Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Millosevich, F. (1907) Sopra alcuni minerali di Val d'Aosta. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 33, 34-40

Castello, P. (1982) Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Aluminoceladonite

Formula: K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Marco E. Ciriotti communication, August 25, 2004

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for analytical data).

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂

References:

Tumiati, S., Martin, S., and Godard, G. (2010) Hydrothermal origin of manganese in the high-pressure ophiolite metasediments of Praborna ore deposit (Aosta Valley, Western Alps). European Journal of Mineralogy, 22, 577-594.

ⓘ Anatase

Formula: TiO₂

References:

Marco E. Ciriotti communication 01.09.2004

ⓘ Ardennite-(As)

Formula: Mn²⁺₄Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Birnessite

Formula: (Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Braunite (TL)

Formula: Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆(SiO₄)O₈

Type Locality:

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

Perseil, E. A. (1985): Some characteristics of manganese oxide facies in the deposit at St. Marcel-Praborna-Val d'Aosta, Italy. Miner. Deposita 20, 271-276. (in French)

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Calderite

Formula: Mn²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

Cenki-Tok, B., Chopin, C. (2006) Coexisting calderite and spessartine garnets in eclogite-facies metacherts of the Western Alps. Mineralogy and Petrology, 88 (1) 47-68 doi:10.1007/s00710-006-0146-4

ⓘ Celadonite

Formula: K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)

Formula: (Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂

Description: See https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for normalized analysis, associated minerals and scanned images of the thin section. The sample for this thin section was collected by Pilar Lecumberri-Sanchez (Univ. Arizona) on a field trip to the locality.

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for normalized analysis)

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for analytical data)

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

References:

Millosevich, F. (1907) Sopra alcuni minerali di Val d'Aosta. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 33, 34-40

Castello, P. (1982) Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Clinochlore

Formula: Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Clinozoisite

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

Della Ventura, Giancarlo, Mottana, Annibale, Parodi, Gian Carlo, Griffin, William L. (1996) FTIR spectroscopy in the OH-stretching region of monoclinic epidotes from Praborna (St. Marcel, Aosta valley, Italy) European Journal of Mineralogy, 8 (4) 655-666 doi:10.1127/ejm/8/4/0655

ⓘ Cryptomelane

Formula: K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆

References:

Kienast, J.R. & Martin, S. (1983): I pirosseni egirin-giadeitici del livello basale di Praborna, Alpi occidentali. Ofioliti, 8(2), 245-260

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Diopside var. Schefferite

Formula: (Ca,Mn)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Si₂O₆

References:

Bondi M., Mottana A, Kurat G., Rossi G, (1978) - Cristallochimica del Violano e della Schefferite di St Marcel (Vallle d'Aosta) - Rend. S.I.M.P., Milano, vol. 34, (I), pp. 15-25

ⓘ Diopside var. Violan (FRL)

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

Type Locality:

References:

August Breithaupt (1838) Journal Prackt. Chemie, 15:329

ⓘ Edenite

Formula: NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

References:

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

ⓘ Ferri-ghoseite ?

Formula: ◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

Description: The reference mentions "tirodite" without support of analytical data. It is unclear whether the name "tirodite" is the manganese amphibole clino-suenoite or the Mn-Na amphibole ferri-ghoseite.

References:

ⓘ Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃F

References:

Canadian Mineralogist: 38, pp. 101-117 (2000)

ⓘ Fluorcalcioroméite

Formula: (Ca,Na,◻)₂Sb⁵⁺₂(O,OH)₆F

References:

Lopes, G.A.C., Atencio, D., Ellena, J., Andrade, M.B. (2021): Roméite-group minerals review: New crystal chemical and Raman data of fluorcalcioroméite and hydroxycalcioroméite. Minerals 11, 1409. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11121409

ⓘ Gasparite-(La)

Formula: La(AsO₄)

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collectionsample FKM-171; https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171

ⓘ Gold

Formula: Au

References:

Millosevich, F. (1907) Sopra alcuni minerali di Val d'Aosta. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 33, 34-40

Castello, P. (1982) Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Hausmannite

Formula: Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂O₄

References:

Castello, P. (1982): Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 3/1982, 87-92.

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

Millosevich, F. (1907) Sopra alcuni minerali di Val d'Aosta. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 33, 34-40

Castello, P. (1982) Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Hollandite

Formula: Ba(Mn⁴⁺₆Mn³⁺₂)O₁₆

References:

Brown P., essene E.J., Peacor D.R. (1978) - The mineralogy and petrology of Manganese-rich rocks from St. Marcel, Piedmont (AND THAT'S A MISTAKE OF REGION), Italy -Contr. Mineral. petrol. (Springer), Vol. 67, n. 3, pp. 227-232

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Jacobsite

Formula: Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

Eur. J. Mineral 18:569–582 (2006)

ⓘ Jadeite

Formula: Na(Al,Fe³⁺)Si₂O₆

References:

Kienast, J.R. & Martin, S. (1983): I pirosseni egirin-giadeitici del livello basale di Praborna, Alpi occidentali. Ofioliti, 8(2), 245-260.

ⓘ Kutnohorite

Formula: CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Macfallite

Formula: Ca₂Mn³⁺₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for analytical data).

Ciriotti, M.E., Camara, F., Bittarello, E., Ambrino, P. (2013) Macfallite: secondo ritrovamento italiano a Prabornaz. Micro: 11: 50-59.

ⓘ Magnesiochloritoid

Formula: MgAl₂(SiO₄)O(OH)₂

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

Canadian Mineralogist: 38, pp. 101-117 (2000)

ⓘ Manganiandrosite-(Ce) (TL)

Formula: (Mn²⁺Ce)(Mn³⁺AlMn²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Type Locality:

References:

Cenki-Tok, Bénédicte, Ragu, Alain, Armbruster, Thomas, Chopin, Christian, Medenbach, Olaf (2006) New Mn- and rare-earth-rich epidote-group minerals in metacherts: manganiandrosite-(Ce) and vanadoandrosite-(Ce) European Journal of Mineralogy, 18 (5) 569-582 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2006/0018-0569

ⓘ Manganite

Formula: Mn³⁺O(OH)

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane

Formula: (K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for normalized analysis)

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Joseph Freilich specimens

ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite

Formula: K(Al,Mn³⁺)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite

Formula: KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Eur. J. Mineral 18:569–582 (2006)

ⓘ Neotocite

Formula: (Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO₃ · H₂O

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Okhotskite

Formula: Ca₂Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂[Si₂O₆OH][SiO₄](OH)₂(OH)

References:

M.E. Ciriotti collection (EDS probed)

ⓘ Omphacite

Formula: (Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Al_eFe³⁺_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆

References:

Kienast, J.R. & Martin, S. (1983): I pirosseni egirin-giadeitici del livello basale di Praborna, Alpi occidentali. Ofioliti, 8(2), 245-260.

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for analytical data).

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Piemontite (TL)

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Type Locality:

References:

Das Mohs'sche Mineralsystem

1853 Wien

ⓘ Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite

Formula: {(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for analytical data).

ⓘ Piemontite-(Sr)

Formula: (CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

ⓘ Powellite

Formula: Ca(MoO₄)

References:

Stefan Örtel

ⓘ Priderite

Formula: K(Ti⁴⁺₇Fe³⁺)O₁₆

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Pyrolusite

Formula: Mn⁴⁺O₂

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Pyrophanite

Formula: Mn²⁺TiO₃

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Pyroxmangite

Formula: Mn²⁺SiO₃

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Millosevich, F. (1907) Sopra alcuni minerali di Val d'Aosta. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 33, 34-40

Castello, P. (1982) Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO). Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Rhodochrosite

Formula: MnCO₃

References:

Eur. J. Mineral 18:569–582 (2006)

ⓘ Rhodonite

Formula: CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Richterite

Formula: Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ 'Roméite Group' (FRL)

Formula: A₂(Sb⁵⁺)₂O₆Z

Type Locality:

Description: Occurs with epidote and manganese oxides.

References:

Brugger, J., Gieré, R., Graeser, S., and Meisser, N. (1997): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 127, 136-146.

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

Description: Sb-rich.

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

Smith, David C., Perseil, Elena-Adriana (1997) Sb-rich rutile in the manganese concentrations at St. Marcel-Praborna, Aosta Valley, Italy: petrology and crystal-chemistry. Mineralogical Magazine, 61 (408) 655-669 doi:10.1180/minmag.1997.061.408.04

ⓘ Slavíkite ?

Formula: (H₃O⁺)₃Mg₆Fe₁₅(SO₄)₂₁(OH)₁₈ · 98H₂O

References:

Sorrell, Steve (n.d.) Personal communication.

ⓘ Spessartine

Formula: Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Strontiomelane (TL)

Formula: Sr(Mn⁴⁺₆Mn³⁺₂)O₁₆

Type Locality:

References:

Meisser, N., Perseil, E.-A., Brugger, J., Chiappero, P.-J. (1999) Strontiomelane, SrMn4+6Mn3+2O16, a new mineral species of the cryptomelane group from St. Marcel - Praborna, Aosta Valley, Italy. The Canadian Mineralogist, 37, 673-678.

ⓘ Talc

Formula: Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Tephroite

Formula: Mn²⁺₂SiO₄

References:

Eur. J. Mineral 18:569–582 (2006)

ⓘ Tiragalloite

Formula: Mn²⁺₄As⁵⁺Si₃O₁₂(OH)

References:

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

Description: Little greenish crystals in association with gold, garnet, chlorite, Ti-bearing, hematite, albite etc. (Millosevich, 1907).

References:

Millosevich, F. (1907) Sopra alcuni minerali di Val d'Aosta. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 33, 34-40

Castello, P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

Perseil, Elena-Adriana, Smith, David C. (1995) Sb-rich titanite in the manganese concentrations at St. Marcel-Praborna, Aosta Valley, Italy: petrography and crystal-chemistry. Mineralogical Magazine, 59 (397) 717-734 doi:10.1180/minmag.1995.059.397.13

ⓘ Titanite var. Greenovite

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

References:

Marignac, C. (1845) Notices minéralogiques: Greenovite. Annales de chimie et physique, 3ème série, 14, 47-49. Mottana A., Griffin W.L., (1979) - Pink titanite (greenovite) from St. Marcel, Val D'Aosta, Italy - Rend soc. It. min. Petr., Milano, Vol. 35, n. 1, pp. 135-143

ⓘ Todorokite

Formula: (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Tremolite

Formula: ◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, 3, 87-92

ⓘ Tweddillite

Formula: (CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)

Colour: in thin section, pleochroic in yellow, orange, red and magenta; similar to and essentially indistinguishable from other Mn-rich members of the epidote group.

Description: For normalized analyses of tweddillite and piemontite from this locality, as well as data for accompanying minerals in the examined thin section, see: https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 In my instructional YouTube video tutorial on "Normalizing epidote-group minerals in MS Excel" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IbMLngyz4Cs), the Prabornaz mine "piemontite" analysis I used to illustrate the normalization calculations turned out to be a REE-bearing tweddillite (named as "manganipiemontite-(Sr)" based on the Armbruster et al., 2006 nomenclature). The sample for this thin section was collected by Pilar Lecumberri-Sanchez (Univ. Arizona) on a field trip to the locality.

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for normalized analysis)

ⓘ Uvarovite

Formula: Ca₃Cr₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

Castello P. (1982) - Il giacimento manganesifero di Praborna (St. Marcel - AO) - Rivista Mineralogica Italiana, Fasc. 3, pp. 87-92

ⓘ Violarite

Formula: Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄

References:

Anthony, John Williams, Bideaux, Richard A., Bladh, Kenneth W., Nichols, Monte C. (1990) Handbook of Mineralogy Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson, Arizona.

ⓘ Wakefieldite-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(VO₄)

References:

Tumiati S., Merlini M., Godard G., Hanfland M., Fumagalli P. (2020) Orthovanadate wakefieldite-(Ce) in symplectites replacing vanadium-bearing omphacite in the ultra-oxidized manganese deposit of Praborna (Aosta Valley, Western Italian Alps). AMERICAN MINERALOGIST, in press.

ⓘ Winchite

Formula: ◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

References:

Frank K. Mazdab collection (see https://www.rockptx.com/fkm-151-to-fkm-175/#FKM-171 for analytical data)

Gallery:

AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Amphibole Supergroup

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Amphibole Supergroup

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Amphibole Supergroup

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Mn²⁺TiO₃ⓘ Pyrophanite

Pyrophanite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Pyrophanite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Pyrophanite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Mn²⁺SiO₃ⓘ Pyroxmangite

Pyroxmangite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Pyroxmangite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Pyroxmangite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂ⓘ Winchite

Winchite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Winchite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

Winchite

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘ	Gold	1.AA.05	Au
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Violarite	2.DA.05	Fe²⁺Ni³⁺₂S₄
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Jacobsite	4.BB.05	Mn²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Hausmannite	4.BB.10	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Pyrophanite	4.CB.05	Mn²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Pyrolusite	4.DB.05	Mn⁴⁺O₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	Anatase	4.DD.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	'Roméite Group' (TL)	4.DH.	A₂(Sb⁵⁺)₂O₆Z
ⓘ	Fluorcalcioroméite	4.DH.20	(Ca,Na,◻)₂Sb⁵⁺₂(O,OH)₆F
ⓘ	Strontiomelane (TL)	4.DK.05a	Sr(Mn⁴⁺₆Mn³⁺₂)O₁₆
ⓘ	Cryptomelane	4.DK.05a	K(Mn⁴⁺₇Mn³⁺)O₁₆
ⓘ	Hollandite	4.DK.05a	Ba(Mn⁴⁺₆Mn³⁺₂)O₁₆
ⓘ	Priderite	4.DK.05b	K(Ti⁴⁺₇Fe³⁺)O₁₆
ⓘ	Todorokite	4.DK.10	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
ⓘ	Cerianite-(Ce)	4.DL.05	(Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂
ⓘ	Manganite	4.FD.15	Mn³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Birnessite	4.FL.45	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Rhodochrosite	5.AB.05	MnCO₃
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Kutnohorite	5.AB.10	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Slavíkite ?	7.DF.30	(H₃O⁺)₃Mg₆Fe₁₅(SO₄)₂₁(OH)₁₈ · 98H₂O
ⓘ	Powellite	7.GA.05	Ca(MoO₄)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Wakefieldite-(Ce)	8.AD.35	Ce(VO₄)
ⓘ	Gasparite-(La)	8.AD.50	La(AsO₄)
ⓘ	Fluorapatite	8.BN.05	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Tephroite	9.AC.05	Mn²⁺₂SiO₄
ⓘ	Uvarovite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Cr₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Calderite	9.AD.25	Mn²⁺₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Spessartine	9.AD.25	Mn²⁺₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Magnesiochloritoid	9.AF.85	MgAl₂(SiO₄)O(OH)₂
ⓘ	Braunite (TL)	9.AG.05	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆(SiO₄)O₈
ⓘ	Titanite var. Greenovite	9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ		9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Manganiandrosite-(Ce) (TL)	9.BG.05	(Mn²⁺Ce)(Mn³⁺AlMn²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Tweddillite	9.BG.05	(CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Piemontite-(Sr)	9.BG.05	(CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Clinozoisite	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Piemontite (TL)	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Epidote	9.BG.05a	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
ⓘ	Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite	9.BG.05a	{(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
ⓘ	Macfallite	9.BG.15	Ca₂Mn³⁺₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
ⓘ	Okhotskite	9.BG.20	Ca₂Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₂[Si₂O₆OH][SiO₄](OH)₂(OH)
ⓘ	Tiragalloite	9.BJ.25	Mn²⁺₄As⁵⁺Si₃O₁₂(OH)
ⓘ	Ardennite-(As)	9.BJ.40	Mn²⁺₄Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	var. Violan (TL)	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	var. Schefferite	9.DA.15	(Ca,Mn)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Omphacite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Al_eFe³⁺_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Jadeite	9.DA.25	Na(Al,Fe³⁺)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Actinolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Tremolite	9.DE.10	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Edenite	9.DE.15	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Ferri-ghoseite ?	9.DE.20	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Richterite	9.DE.20	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Winchite	9.DE.20	◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Rhodonite	9.DK.05	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
ⓘ	Pyroxmangite	9.DO.05	Mn²⁺SiO₃
ⓘ	Talc	9.EC.05	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Alurgite	9.EC.15	K(Al,Mn³⁺)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Aluminoceladonite	9.EC.15	K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Muscovite var. Phengite	9.EC.15	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ		9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Celadonite	9.EC.15	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Phlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Clinochlore	9.EC.55	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
ⓘ	Neotocite	9.ED.20	(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO₃ · H₂O
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	var. Hyalophane	9.FA.30	(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
ⓘ	'Chlorite Group'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite	K(Al,Mn³⁺)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
H	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
H	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
H	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Magnesiochloritoid	MgAl₂(SiO₄)O(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Macfallite	Ca₂Mn₃³⁺(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
H	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Neotocite	(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO₃ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Okhotskite	Ca₂Mn²⁺Mn₂³⁺[Si₂O₆OH][SiO₄](OH)₂(OH)
H	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Piemontite	(CaCa)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Slavíkite	(H₃O⁺)₃Mg₆Fe₁₅(SO₄)₂₁(OH)₁₈ · 98H₂O
H	ⓘ Piemontite-(Sr)	(CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Tiragalloite	Mn₄²⁺As⁵⁺Si₃O₁₂(OH)
H	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
H	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Winchite	◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Aluminoceladonite	K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite	{(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
H	ⓘ Tweddillite	(CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Ferri-ghoseite	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Manganiandrosite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(Mn³⁺AlMn²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
H	ⓘ Fluorcalcioroméite	(Ca,Na,◻)₂Sb₂⁵⁺(O,OH)₆F
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Kutnohorite	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite	K(Al,Mn³⁺)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
O	ⓘ Anatase	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
O	ⓘ Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn₆³⁺(SiO₄)O₈
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Calderite	Mn₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)	(Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂
O	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
O	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Cryptomelane	K(Mn₇⁴⁺Mn³⁺)O₁₆
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
O	ⓘ Hausmannite	Mn²⁺Mn₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Hollandite	Ba(Mn₆⁴⁺Mn₂³⁺)O₁₆
O	ⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane	(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Jacobsite	Mn²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Jadeite	Na(Al,Fe³⁺)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Kutnohorite	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Magnesiochloritoid	MgAl₂(SiO₄)O(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Macfallite	Ca₂Mn₃³⁺(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
O	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Neotocite	(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO₃ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Okhotskite	Ca₂Mn²⁺Mn₂³⁺[Si₂O₆OH][SiO₄](OH)₂(OH)
O	ⓘ Omphacite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Al_eFe_f³⁺Fe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Piemontite	(CaCa)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Powellite	Ca(MoO₄)
O	ⓘ Priderite	K(Ti₇⁴⁺Fe³⁺)O₁₆
O	ⓘ Pyrolusite	Mn⁴⁺O₂
O	ⓘ Pyrophanite	Mn²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Pyroxmangite	Mn²⁺SiO₃
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
O	ⓘ Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
O	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Roméite Group	A₂(Sb⁵⁺)₂O₆Z
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Diopside var. Schefferite	(Ca,Mn)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Slavíkite	(H₃O⁺)₃Mg₆Fe₁₅(SO₄)₂₁(OH)₁₈ · 98H₂O
O	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Piemontite-(Sr)	(CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Tephroite	Mn₂²⁺SiO₄
O	ⓘ Tiragalloite	Mn₄²⁺As⁵⁺Si₃O₁₂(OH)
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
O	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Wakefieldite-(Ce)	Ce(VO₄)
O	ⓘ Winchite	◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Aluminoceladonite	K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Strontiomelane	Sr(Mn₆⁴⁺Mn₂³⁺)O₁₆
O	ⓘ Diopside var. Violan	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite	{(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
O	ⓘ Tweddillite	(CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Titanite var. Greenovite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Ferri-ghoseite	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Manganiandrosite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(Mn³⁺AlMn²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
O	ⓘ Fluorcalcioroméite	(Ca,Na,◻)₂Sb₂⁵⁺(O,OH)₆F
O	ⓘ Gasparite-(La)	La(AsO₄)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
F	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
F	ⓘ Fluorcalcioroméite	(Ca,Na,◻)₂Sb₂⁵⁺(O,OH)₆F
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
Na	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Jadeite	Na(Al,Fe³⁺)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Omphacite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Al_eFe_f³⁺Fe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Na	ⓘ Winchite	◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Ferri-ghoseite	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Fluorcalcioroméite	(Ca,Na,◻)₂Sb₂⁵⁺(O,OH)₆F
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Mg	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Magnesiochloritoid	MgAl₂(SiO₄)O(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Neotocite	(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO₃ · H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Omphacite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Al_eFe_f³⁺Fe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside var. Schefferite	(Ca,Mn)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Slavíkite	(H₃O⁺)₃Mg₆Fe₁₅(SO₄)₂₁(OH)₁₈ · 98H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Winchite	◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Aluminoceladonite	K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside var. Violan	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Ferri-ghoseite	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite	K(Al,Mn³⁺)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Al	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Al	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Al	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane	(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Al	ⓘ Jadeite	Na(Al,Fe³⁺)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Magnesiochloritoid	MgAl₂(SiO₄)O(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Omphacite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Al_eFe_f³⁺Fe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Piemontite	(CaCa)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Al	ⓘ Piemontite-(Sr)	(CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Winchite	◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Aluminoceladonite	K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite	{(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Al	ⓘ Tweddillite	(CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Al	ⓘ Manganiandrosite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(Mn³⁺AlMn²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite	K(Al,Mn³⁺)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Si	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Si	ⓘ Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn₆³⁺(SiO₄)O₈
Si	ⓘ Calderite	Mn₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Clinochlore	Mg₅Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₈
Si	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane	(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Si	ⓘ Jadeite	Na(Al,Fe³⁺)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Magnesiochloritoid	MgAl₂(SiO₄)O(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Macfallite	Ca₂Mn₃³⁺(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Neotocite	(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO₃ · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Okhotskite	Ca₂Mn²⁺Mn₂³⁺[Si₂O₆OH][SiO₄](OH)₂(OH)
Si	ⓘ Omphacite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Al_eFe_f³⁺Fe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Piemontite	(CaCa)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Pyroxmangite	Mn²⁺SiO₃
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
Si	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside var. Schefferite	(Ca,Mn)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Piemontite-(Sr)	(CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Talc	Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Tephroite	Mn₂²⁺SiO₄
Si	ⓘ Tiragalloite	Mn₄²⁺As⁵⁺Si₃O₁₂(OH)
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Winchite	◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Aluminoceladonite	K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Diopside var. Violan	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite	{(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Si	ⓘ Tweddillite	(CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Si	ⓘ Titanite var. Greenovite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Ferri-ghoseite	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Manganiandrosite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(Mn³⁺AlMn²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Slavíkite	(H₃O⁺)₃Mg₆Fe₁₅(SO₄)₂₁(OH)₁₈ · 98H₂O
S	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite	K(Al,Mn³⁺)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Cryptomelane	K(Mn₇⁴⁺Mn³⁺)O₁₆
K	ⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane	(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Priderite	K(Ti₇⁴⁺Fe³⁺)O₁₆
K	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
K	ⓘ Aluminoceladonite	K(MgAl◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Clinozoisite	(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Edenite	NaCa₂Mg₅(Si₇Al)O₂₂(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
Ca	ⓘ Kutnohorite	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Macfallite	Ca₂Mn₃³⁺(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
Ca	ⓘ Okhotskite	Ca₂Mn²⁺Mn₂³⁺[Si₂O₆OH][SiO₄](OH)₂(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Omphacite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Al_eFe_f³⁺Fe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Piemontite	(CaCa)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Powellite	Ca(MoO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
Ca	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Diopside var. Schefferite	(Ca,Mn)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Piemontite-(Sr)	(CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Tremolite	◻Ca₂Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr₂(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Winchite	◻{CaNa}{Mg₄Al}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Diopside var. Violan	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite	{(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Ca	ⓘ Tweddillite	(CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Ca	ⓘ Titanite var. Greenovite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Fluorcalcioroméite	(Ca,Na,◻)₂Sb₂⁵⁺(O,OH)₆F
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Ti	ⓘ Anatase	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Priderite	K(Ti₇⁴⁺Fe³⁺)O₁₆
Ti	ⓘ Pyrophanite	Mn²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ti	ⓘ Titanite var. Greenovite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
V	Vanadium
V	ⓘ Wakefieldite-(Ce)	Ce(VO₄)
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Uvarovite	Ca₃Cr₂(SiO₄)₃
Mn	Manganese
Mn	ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite	K(Al,Mn³⁺)₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mn	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
Mn	ⓘ Birnessite	(Na,Ca)_0.5(Mn⁴⁺,Mn³⁺)₂O₄ · 1.5H₂O
Mn	ⓘ Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn₆³⁺(SiO₄)O₈
Mn	ⓘ Calderite	Mn₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Mn	ⓘ Cryptomelane	K(Mn₇⁴⁺Mn³⁺)O₁₆
Mn	ⓘ Hausmannite	Mn²⁺Mn₂³⁺O₄
Mn	ⓘ Hollandite	Ba(Mn₆⁴⁺Mn₂³⁺)O₁₆
Mn	ⓘ Jacobsite	Mn²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Mn	ⓘ Kutnohorite	CaMn²⁺(CO₃)₂
Mn	ⓘ Macfallite	Ca₂Mn₃³⁺(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(OH)₃
Mn	ⓘ Manganite	Mn³⁺O(OH)
Mn	ⓘ Neotocite	(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO₃ · H₂O
Mn	ⓘ Okhotskite	Ca₂Mn²⁺Mn₂³⁺[Si₂O₆OH][SiO₄](OH)₂(OH)
Mn	ⓘ Piemontite	(CaCa)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Mn	ⓘ Pyrolusite	Mn⁴⁺O₂
Mn	ⓘ Pyrophanite	Mn²⁺TiO₃
Mn	ⓘ Pyroxmangite	Mn²⁺SiO₃
Mn	ⓘ Rhodochrosite	MnCO₃
Mn	ⓘ Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
Mn	ⓘ Diopside var. Schefferite	(Ca,Mn)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Si₂O₆
Mn	ⓘ Spessartine	Mn₃²⁺Al₂(SiO₄)₃
Mn	ⓘ Piemontite-(Sr)	(CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Mn	ⓘ Tephroite	Mn₂²⁺SiO₄
Mn	ⓘ Tiragalloite	Mn₄²⁺As⁵⁺Si₃O₁₂(OH)
Mn	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Mn	ⓘ Strontiomelane	Sr(Mn₆⁴⁺Mn₂³⁺)O₁₆
Mn	ⓘ Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite	{(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Mn	ⓘ Tweddillite	(CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Mn	ⓘ Ferri-ghoseite	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Mn	ⓘ Manganiandrosite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(Mn³⁺AlMn²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Actinolite	◻Ca₂(Mg_4.5-2.5Fe_0.5-2.5)Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Calderite	Mn₃²⁺Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Celadonite	K(MgFe³⁺◻)(Si₄O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Epidote	(CaCa)(AlAlFe³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Jacobsite	Mn²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Jadeite	Na(Al,Fe³⁺)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Neotocite	(Mn,Fe,Mg)SiO₃ · H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Omphacite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Al_eFe_f³⁺Fe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Muscovite var. Phengite	KAl_1.5(Mg,Fe)_0.5(Al_0.5Si_3.5O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Priderite	K(Ti₇⁴⁺Fe³⁺)O₁₆
Fe	ⓘ Diopside var. Schefferite	(Ca,Mn)(Mg,Fe,Mn)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Slavíkite	(H₃O⁺)₃Mg₆Fe₁₅(SO₄)₂₁(OH)₁₈ · 98H₂O
Fe	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
Fe	ⓘ Ferri-ghoseite	◻[Mn²⁺Na][Mg₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Ni	ⓘ Violarite	Fe²⁺Ni₂³⁺S₄
As	Arsenic
As	ⓘ Ardennite-(As)	Mn₄²⁺Al₄(AlMg)(AsO₄)(SiO₄)₂(Si₃O₁₀)(OH)₆
As	ⓘ Tiragalloite	Mn₄²⁺As⁵⁺Si₃O₁₂(OH)
As	ⓘ Gasparite-(La)	La(AsO₄)
Sr	Strontium
Sr	ⓘ Piemontite-(Sr)	(CaSr)(AlAlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Sr	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
Sr	ⓘ Strontiomelane	Sr(Mn₆⁴⁺Mn₂³⁺)O₁₆
Sr	ⓘ Piemontite var. Strontium-bearing Piemontite	{(Ca,Sr)₂}{Al₂Mn³⁺}(Si₂O₇)(SiO₄)O(OH)
Sr	ⓘ Tweddillite	(CaSr)(Mn³⁺AlMn³⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Mo	Molybdenum
Mo	ⓘ Powellite	Ca(MoO₄)
Sb	Antimony
Sb	ⓘ Roméite Group	A₂(Sb⁵⁺)₂O₆Z
Sb	ⓘ Fluorcalcioroméite	(Ca,Na,◻)₂Sb₂⁵⁺(O,OH)₆F
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Hollandite	Ba(Mn₆⁴⁺Mn₂³⁺)O₁₆
Ba	ⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane	(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si₂O₈]
Ba	ⓘ Todorokite	(Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)_1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)₆O₁₂ · 3-4H₂O
La	Lanthanum
La	ⓘ Gasparite-(La)	La(AsO₄)
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)	(Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂
Ce	ⓘ Wakefieldite-(Ce)	Ce(VO₄)
Ce	ⓘ Manganiandrosite-(Ce)	(Mn²⁺Ce)(Mn³⁺AlMn²⁺)O[Si₂O₇][SiO₄](OH)
Au	Gold
Au	ⓘ Gold	Au
Th	Thorium
Th	ⓘ Cerianite-(Ce)	(Ce⁴⁺,Th)O₂

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

EuropeContinent

The AlpsMountain Range

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References

http://www.minieredoro.it/praborna%20miniera%20riv%20mineralogica.htm

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a15rxAwledo

Marignac, C. (1845) Notices minéralogiques: Greenovite. Annales de chimie et physique, 3ème série: 14: 47-49.

Penfield, S.H. (1893) On some minerals from the manganese mines of St. Marcel in Piedmont Italy. American Journal of Science: 46: 288-295.

Millosevich, F. (1907) Sopra alcuni minerali di Val d'Aosta. Rivista di Mineralogia e Cristallografia Italiana, 33, 34-40.

Rondolino, R. (1934) Sopra alcuni minerali di S. Marcel (Valle d'Aosta). Periodico di Mineralogia – Roma: 123-139.

Rondolino, R. (1936) Sopra alcuni anfiboli manganesiferi di Praborna (San Marcel, Valle d'Aosta). Periodico di Mineralogia – Roma: 109-121.

Palache, C., Berman, H., Frondel, C. (1951) The System of Mineralogy of James Dwight Dana and Edward Salisbury Dana, Yale University 1837-1892, Volume II: 1021.

Bondi, M., Mottana, A., Kurat, G., Rossi, G. (1978) Cristallochimica del violano e della schefferite di St. Marcel (Valle d'Aosta). Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia: 34: 15-25.

Brown, P., Essene, E.J., Peacor, D.R. (1978) The mineralogy and petrology of manganese-rich rocks from St. Marcel, Piedmont, Italy. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 67: 227-232.

Mottana, A., Rossi, G., Kracher, A., Kurat, G. (1979) Violan revised: Mn bearing Omphacite and Diopside. Tschermaks mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen: 26: 187-210.

Martin, S. (1983) La mine de Praborna, Val d'Aoste (Italie): une série manganesifère metamorphoisée das la facies éclogite. These 3me cycle, Univ. Paris VI, xx pp.

Kienast, J. R.; Martin, S. (1983): Aegirine-jadeitic pyroxenes of the Praborna basal level, Western Alps. Ofioliti: 8: 245-260 (in Italian).

Martin-Vernizzi, S. (1984) La mine de Praborna (Val d'Aoste, Italie: une série manganésifère métamorphisée dans le faciès éclogite. Thèse de doctorat, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.

Perseil, E.A. (1985) Some characteristics of manganese oxide facies in the deposit at St. Marcel-Praborna-Val d'Aosta, Italy. Mineralium Deposita: 20: 271-276 (in French).

Preite, D. (1985) La pagina dei Micromounts – Omfacite di Quincinetto e Praborna. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana: 9(2): 88.

Martin, S., Kienast, J.R. (1987) The HP-LT manganesiferous quartzites of Praborna, Piemonte ophiolite nappe, Italian Western Alps. Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 67: 339-360.

Perseil, E.-A. (1998) Evolution cristallochimique des oxydes de manganèse dans le gisement de St. Marcel Praborna (V. Aoste, Italie). Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei: s. 9: v. 9 (1998) 4: 315-336.

Perseil, E.-A., Blanc, P., Ohnenstetter, D. (2000) As-bearing fluorapatite in manganiferous deposits from St. Marcel - Praborna, Val d'Aosta, Italy. Canadian Mineralogist: 38: 101-117.

Ambrino, P., Brizio, P. (2007): Miniera di Prabornaz, Saint-Marcel, Valle d'Aosta, Italia. Macro Micro 2007: 8: 3-12.

Piccoli, G.C., Maletto, G., Bosio, P., Lombardo, B. (2007) Minerali del Piemonte e della Valle d'Aosta - Associazione Amici del Museo "F. Eusebio" Alba.

Ciriotti, M.E., Camara, F., Bittarello, E., Ambrino, P. (2013) Macfallite: secondo ritrovamento italiano a Prabornaz. Micro: 11: 50-59.

Tumiati, S., Godard, G., Martin, S., Malaspina, N., Poli, S. (2015) Ultra-oxidized rocks in subduction mélanges? Decoupling between oxygen fugacity and oxygen availability in a Mn-rich metasomatic environment. Lithos: 226: 116-130.

www.mineralienatlas.de (2016) https://www.mineralienatlas.de/?l=737

Diella, V., Bocchio, R., Caucia, F., Marinoni, N., Langone, A., Possenti, E. (2021): New Insights for Gem-Quality Mn-Bearing Diopside-Omphacite, Violane Variety, from Saint Marcel (Val D’Aosta, Italy): Its Trace Elements and Spectroscopic Characterization. Minerals: 11: 171.

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Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy i
Regional Level Types
Praborna Mine Mine (Inactive)
Saint-Marcel Commune
Aosta Valley Autonomous Region
Italy - not defined -