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Braunite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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01406770014977613838598.jpg
Braunite

N'Chwaning II Mine, N'Chwaning Mines, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
05567350017071703891457.jpg
Braunite

Wessels Mine, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
03109040016121925059156.jpg
Braunite, etc.

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy
01974780014946351064888.jpg
Braunite

N'Chwaning II Mine, N'Chwaning Mines, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
01384080017055907131649.jpg
Braunite

Wessels Mine, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
05766560015632875938608.jpg
Braunite, etc.

Praborna Mine, Saint-Marcel, Aosta Valley, Italy
01406770014977613838598.jpg
Braunite

N'Chwaning II Mine, N'Chwaning Mines, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
05567350017071703891457.jpg
Braunite

Wessels Mine, Joe Morolong Local Municipality, John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality, Northern Cape, South Africa
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About BrauniteHide

Formula:
Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
Colour:
Brownish black, steel-grey
Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
6 - 6½
Specific Gravity:
4.72 - 4.83
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Braunite Group
Name:
After Wilhelm von Braun (* 1. October 1790 in Thal (Ruhla); † 6. February 1872 in Gotha), official and minister in Gotha, Germany, supporter of geology and mineralogy. He supplied the original material for the description of braunite.
The Mn2+ analogue of neltnerite.

Compare also braunite-II.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
757
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:757:7
GUID
(UUID V4):
3a6fdc55-c044-45d2-92cc-5e9bf316409f

IMA Classification of BrauniteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Mn2+Mn3+6O8(SiO4)

Classification of BrauniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):
9.AG.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
G : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in > [6] +- [6] coordination
Dana 8th ed.:
7.5.1.3

7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
5 : (AB)2X3
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.17.3

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
17 : Silicates of Mn

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
BntIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
BntThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download

Physical Properties of BrauniteHide

Lustre:
Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Brownish black, steel-grey
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
6 - 6½ on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=920 - 1079 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{112} perfect.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
4.72 - 4.83 g/cm3 (Measured)    4.86 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of BrauniteHide

Anisotropism:
Weak in air, distinct in oil - dark to lighter slate gray.
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1R2
400nm23.4%25.4%
420nm22.7%24.5%
440nm22.0%23.6%
460nm21.5%22.9%
480nm21.0%22.4%
500nm20.5%21.9%
520nm20.0%21.5%
540nm19.6%21.2%
560nm19.3%20.9%
580nm19.0%20.6%
600nm18.8%20.3%
620nm18.6%20.0%
640nm18.5%19.8%
660nm18.3%19.6%
680nm18.2%19.5%
700nm18.1%19.4%

Reflectance graph
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 25.4%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
Grayish white with a brownish tinge.

Chemistry of BrauniteHide

Mindat Formula:
Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
Elements listed:
Mn, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Fe,Ca,B,Ba,Ti,Al,Mg

Crystallography of BrauniteHide

Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) - Ditetragonal Dipyramidal
Space Group:
I41/acd
Cell Parameters:
a = 9.432 Å, c = 18.703 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.983
Unit Cell V:
1,663.87 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Pyramidal {011} and {131}; pseudo-octahedral. Striated on {001} and {201} parallel to [010]. Granular massive.
Twinning:
On {112} producing a combination with only a small reentrant angle (0°18') on е{011}.
Comment:
Cell from de Villiers (1975). Cell dimensions variable: a = 9.36-9.45, c = 18.60-18.97 Å.

Crystallographic forms of BrauniteHide

Crystal Atlas:
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Braunite no.9 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Braunite no.20 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Braunite no.23 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000788Braunitede Villiers J P R (1980) The crystal structure of braunite II and its relation to bixbyite and braunite American Mineralogist 65 756-7651980Wessels mine, near Hotazel, South Africa0293
0000484Braunitede Villiers J P R (1975) The crystal structure of braunite with reference to its solid-solution behavior American Mineralogist 60 1098-110419750293
0000543BrauniteMoore P B, Araki T (1976) Braunite: its structure and relationship to bixbyite, and some insights on the genealogy of fluorite derivative structures American Mineralogist 61 1226-124019760293
0008123BrauniteMiletich R, Allan D R, Angel R J (1998) Structural control of polyhedral compression in synthetic braunite, Mn2+Mn3+6O8SiO4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 25 183-19219980.0001293
0008124BrauniteMiletich R, Allan D R, Angel R J (1998) Structural control of polyhedral compression in synthetic braunite, Mn2+Mn3+6O8SiO4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 25 183-19219980.0001293
0008125BrauniteMiletich R, Allan D R, Angel R J (1998) Structural control of polyhedral compression in synthetic braunite, Mn2+Mn3+6O8SiO4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 25 183-19219981.38293
0008126BrauniteMiletich R, Allan D R, Angel R J (1998) Structural control of polyhedral compression in synthetic braunite, Mn2+Mn3+6O8SiO4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 25 183-19219982.66293
0008127BrauniteMiletich R, Allan D R, Angel R J (1998) Structural control of polyhedral compression in synthetic braunite, Mn2+Mn3+6O8SiO4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 25 183-19219984.51293
0008128BrauniteMiletich R, Allan D R, Angel R J (1998) Structural control of polyhedral compression in synthetic braunite, Mn2+Mn3+6O8SiO4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 25 183-19219985.63293
0008129BrauniteMiletich R, Allan D R, Angel R J (1998) Structural control of polyhedral compression in synthetic braunite, Mn2+Mn3+6O8SiO4 Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 25 183-19219987.69293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.72 Å(100)
1.656 Å(70)
2.14 Å(50)
2.35 Å(40)
1.420 Å(40)
1.074 Å(40)
3.49 Å(30)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates]
47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals]
Geological Setting:
Metamorphism of manganese silicates and weathering product.

Type Occurrence of BrauniteHide

Synonyms of BrauniteHide

Other Language Names for BrauniteHide

Relationship of Braunite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Braunite Group
Other Members of this group:
AbswurmbachiteCuMn3+6(SiO4)O8Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
Braunite-IICaMn3+14(SiO4)O20Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
GatedaliteZrMn2+2Mn3+4SiO12Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
NeltneriteCaMn3+6(SiO4)O8Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
42 photos of Braunite associated with CalciteCaCO3
31 photos of Braunite associated with QuartzSiO2
23 photos of Braunite associated with Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
19 photos of Braunite associated with AndraditeCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
15 photos of Braunite associated with RhodoniteCaMn3Mn[Si5O15]
14 photos of Braunite associated with BaryteBaSO4
12 photos of Braunite associated with NamansiliteNaMn3+Si2O6
11 photos of Braunite associated with AlpeiteCa4Mn3+2Al2(Mn3+Mg)(SiO4)2(Si3O10)(V5+O4)(OH)6
10 photos of Braunite associated with PyrolusiteMn4+O2
9 photos of Braunite associated with PectoliteNaCa2Si3O8(OH)

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.AG.Ivanyukite-Na-TNa2Ti4(SiO4)3(OH)O3 · 7H2OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.AG.Ivanyukite-Na-CNa2Ti4(SiO4)3(OH)2O2 · 6H2OIso. 4 3m : P4 3m
9.AG.EdgrewiteCa9(SiO4)4F2 Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.AG.Aluminotaipingite-(CeCa)(Ce6Ca3)◻Al(SiO4)3[SiO3(OH)]4F3Trig. 3m : R3c
9.AG.02GatedaliteZrMn2+2Mn3+4SiO12Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
9.AG.2SkogbyiteZr(Mg2Mn3+4)SiO12Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
9.AG.05AbswurmbachiteCuMn3+6(SiO4)O8Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
9.AG.05NeltneriteCaMn3+6(SiO4)O8Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
9.AG.05Braunite-IICaMn3+14(SiO4)O20Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I41/acd
9.AG.10LångbaniteMn2+4Mn3+9Sb5+O16(SiO4)2Trig. 3m : P3m1
9.AG.12Taipingite-(CeCa)(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3[SiO3(OH)]4F3Trig. 3m : R3c
9.AG.15MalayaiteCaSn(SiO4)OMon. 2/m
9.AG.15TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)OMon. 2/m : P21/b
9.AG.15VanadomalayaiteCaV4+(SiO4)OMon. 2/m : B2/b
9.AG.15Natrotitanite(Na0.5Y0.5)Ti(SiO4)OMon. 2/m : B2/b
9.AG.15ŻabińskiiteCa[Al0.5(Ta,Nb)0.5)](SiO4)OTric. 1
9.AG.20Cerite-(CeCa)(Ce7Ca2)◻Mg(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3Trig. 3m : R3c
9.AG.20Ferricerite-(LaCa)(La6Ca3)◻Fe3+(SiO4)3(SiO3OH)4(OH)3Trig. 3m : R3c
9.AG.20Aluminocerite-(CeCa)(Ce6Ca3)◻Al(SiO4)3[SiO3(OH)]4(OH)3Trig. 3m : R3c
9.AG.20Nipeiite-(Ce)Ce9Fe3+(SiO4)6[SiO3(OH)](OH)3Trig. 3m : R3c
9.AG.25Trimounsite-(Y)Y2Ti2(SiO4)O5Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.AG.25Yftisite-(Y)(Y,Dy,Er)4(Ti,Sn)(SiO4)2O(F,OH)6
9.AG.25Mieite-(Y)Y4Ti(SiO4)2O[F,(OH)]6Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
9.AG.30SitinakiteKNa2Ti4(SiO4)2O5(OH) · 4H2OTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P42/mcm
9.AG.35KittatinnyiteCa2Mn2Mn(SiO4)2(OH)4 · 9H2OHex.
9.AG.40aNatisiteNa2Ti(SiO4)OTet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m)
9.AG.40bParanatisiteNa2Ti(SiO4)OOrth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmma
9.AG.45Törnebohmite-(Ce)Ce2Al(SiO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.AG.45Törnebohmite-(La)La2Al(SiO4)2(OH)
9.AG.50Kuliokite-(Y)Y4Al(SiO4)2(OH)2F5Tric. 1 : P1
9.AG.50Ivanyukite-NaNa2Ti4(SiO4)3(OH)2O2 · 6H2OTrig. 3m : R3m
9.AG.50Ivanyukite-KK2Ti4(SiO4)3(OH)2O2 · 9H2OIso. 4 3m : P4 3m
9.AG.50Ivanyukite-CuCuTi4(SiO4)3(OH)2O2 · 7H2OIso. 4 3m : P4 3m
9.AG.50HydroxyledgrewiteCa9(SiO4)4(OH)2 Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.AG.52Ulfanderssonite-(Ce)(Ce15Ca)Σ16Mg2(SiO4)10(SiO3OH)(OH,F)5Cl3Mon. m : Bm
9.AG.55ChantaliteCaAl2(SiO4)(OH)4Tet. 4/m : I41/a
9.AG.60MozartiteCaMn3+(SiO4)(OH)Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
9.AG.60VuagnatiteCaAl(SiO4)(OH)Orth. 2 2 2 : P21 21 21
9.AG.65HatruriteCa3(SiO4)OTrig.
9.AG.70JasmunditeCa11(SiO4)4O2STet. 4 2m : I4m2
9.AG.75AfwilliteCa3(HSiO4)2 · 2H2OMon. m : Bb
9.AG.80BultfonteiniteCa2(HSiO4)F · H2OTric. 1 : P1
9.AG.85ZoltaiiteBaV4+2V3+12(SiO4)2O19Trig. 3 : P3
9.AG.90Tranquillityite(Fe2+,Ca)8(Zr,Y)2Ti3(SiO4)3O12Hex.

Other InformationHide

Notes:
Weakly magnetic.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for BrauniteHide

References for BrauniteHide

Reference List:
Haidinger, W. (1827): On the crystalline Forms and Properties of the Manganese Ores.- Edinburgh Journal of Science, IV, 41
Haidinger, W. (1828): Mineralogische Beschreibung der Manganerze. I. Prismatoïdisches Manganerz, Manganit. II. Pyramidales Manganerz, Hausmannit. III. Untheilbares Manganerz, Psilomelan. IV. Brachytypes Manganerz, Braunit. V. Prismatisches Manganerz, Pyrolusit.- Poggendorffs Annalen der Physik und Chemie 14, 197-211
Turner, E. (1831): Chemical Examination of the Oxides of Manganese.- Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Vol. II, 143-174
Breithaupt in Evreinov (1840), Ann. Phys.: 49: 204.
Switzer (1938), American Mineralogist: 23: 649.
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.551-554
de Villiers, P. R., Herbstein, F. H. (1967) Distinction between two members of the braunite group. American Mineralogist, 52 (1-2) 20-30
Ramdohr, Paul (1969) The Ore Minerals and their Intergrowths. Pergamon Press, Oxford. 1174pp. doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10027-x
de Villiers, Johan P. R. (1975) The crystal structure of braunite with reference to its solid-solution behavior. American Mineralogist, 60 (11-12) 1098-1104
Moore, Paul B., Araki, Takaharu (1976) Braunite: its structure and relationship to bixbyite, and some insights on the genealogy of fluorite derivative structures. American Mineralogist, 61 (11-12) 1226-1240
de Villiers, Johan P. R. (1980) The crystal structure of braunite II and its relation to bixbyite and braunite. American Mineralogist, 65 (7-8) 756-765
Ostwald, J. (1982) Some observations on the mineralogy and genesis of braunite. Mineralogical Magazine, 46 (341), 506-507. doi:10.1180/minmag.1982.046.341.20
MOMOI, Hitoshi, HORIKAWA, Masatomo, FUJINO, Kiyoshi (1985) Synthesis and characterization of ferrian braunite. Mineralogical Journal, 12 (8), 367-375. doi:10.2465/minerj.12.367
Robie, Richard A., Huebner, J. Stephen, Hemingway, Bruce S. (1995) Heat capacities and thermodynamic properties of braunite (Mn7SiO12) and rhodonite (MnSiO3) American Mineralogist, 80 (5) 560-575 doi:10.2138/am-1995-5-615
Gutzmer, J. and Beukes, N. J. (1997): Mineralogy and mineral chemistry of oxide-facies manganese ores of the Postmasburg manganese field, South Africa. Mineralogical Magazine, 61, 213-232. [on stacking model for the braunite group]
Marescotti, P., Frezzotti, M.L. (2000): Alteration of braunite ores from Eastern Ligeria (Italy) during syntectonic veining processes: mineralogy and fluid inclusions. European Journal of Mineralogy 12, 341-356.
Bevan, D. J. M., Martin, R. L. (2008) The role of the coordination defect: A new structural description of four fluorite-related sesquioxide minerals, bixbyite (Mn2O3), braunite (Mn7SiO12), braunite II (CaMn14SiO24), parwelite (Mn10Sb2As2Si2O24), and their structural relationships. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 181. 2250-2259 doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2008.04.046
(2023) Braunite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for BrauniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria
 
  • Skikda Province
    • Azzaba District
      • Es Sebt
Byramjee R.and Meindre M. (1956)
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Forbes Co.
      • Grenfell
Australian Journal of Earth Sciences +6 other references
    • Inglis Co.
Kawachi et al. (1994)
  • Northern Territory
    • East Arnhem Region
      • Groote Eylandt
Ostwald (1981)
  • Queensland
    • Gympie Region
      • Amamoor Creek
Brooks (1962) +1 other reference
  • South Australia
    • Eyre Peninsula
      • Middleback Range
        • Iron Knob
  • Western Australia
    • East Pilbara Shire
Williams +3 other references
      • Ripon Hills District
The Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (1977)
Meyers (2003, June) +1 other reference
Austria
 
  • Burgenland
    • Oberwart District
      • Badersdorf
Ertl (2002)
  • Carinthia
    • Sankt Veit an der Glan District
      • Friesach
        • Olsa
European Journal of Mineralogy 17 (1)
  • Salzburg
    • Hallein District
      • Kuchl
        • Hoher Göll
Strasser (1989)
    • Tamsweg District
      • Tweng
abstract in Mitt. Österr. Mineral. ... +3 other references
Strasser (1989)
Exner (1989)
Exner (1989)
    • Zell am See District
      • Kaprun
        • Mooserboden reservoir
Strasser (1989)
      • Lofer
Strasser (1989)
      • Weissbach bei Lofer
Strasser (1989)
  • Tyrol
    • Innsbruck-Land District
      • Navis
Kolitsch et al. (2019)
      • Obernberg am Brenner
Kolitsch et al. (2018)
    • Lienz District
      • Kals am Großglockner
MEIXNER (1968)
        • Kals valley
Neinaveie (1979)
Bernhard et al. (2010)
      • Prägraten am Großvenediger
        • Dorferbach valley
Kolitsch (2017)
        • Timmelbach valley
Niedermayr (1986) +2 other references
    • Schwaz District
      • Gerlos
Purtscher (1964)
Belgium
 
  • Wallonia
    • Liège
      • Lierneux
        • Petit-Sart
Hatert et al. (2002) +1 other reference
      • Plombières
Buttgenbach (1947) +3 other references
    • Luxembourg
Kramm (1979) +1 other reference
Mélon et al. (1976) +1 other reference
Herbosch (1967) +3 other references
Bosnia and Herzegovina
 
  • Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • Sarajevo Canton
      • Ilijaš
Vujanovic (1962)
Brazil
 
  • Mato Grosso do Sul
    • Corumbá
      • Urucum massif
Schneider et al. (1983) +1 other reference
  • Minas Gerais
    • Ouro Preto
Ježek (1910)
Bulgaria
 
  • Burgas Province
    • Karnobat Municipality
Banushev et al. (1994)
  • Pazardzhik Province
    • Panagyurishte Municipality
Chavdarova et al. (2022)
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Osoyoos Mining Division
      • Olalla
Thompson (1951)
  • New Brunswick
    • Kings Co.
      • Markhamville
USGS: Geological Survey Circular 553
  • Nova Scotia
    • Inverness Co.
      • Meat Cove
The Nova Scotia Mineral Occurrence Database (MODB)
Chile
 
  • Antofagasta
    • Antofagasta Province
      • La Negra-Coquimbana district
Pincheira et al. (1990)
  • Coquimbo
    • Elqui Province
      • La Serena
Oyarzun et al. (1998)
        • Talcuna Cu-Mn-Ag mining district
Oyarzun et al. (1998)
. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988)
Oyarzun et al. (1998)
    • Limarí Province
      • Fragua district
C. Ruiz Fuller/F. Peebles (1988)
China
 
  • Chongqing
    • Chengkou Co.
Gongqin Zhang (1986)
  • Fujian
    • Longyan
      • Liancheng Co.
        • Liancheng Mn deposit
Huacai Chen (1989)
  • Gansu
    • Jiuquan
      • Guazhou Co.
National Geological Archives of China ...
      • Subei Co.
www.mineralmundi.com (2016)
  • Guangdong
    • Meizhou
Fengjun Ma (1986)
  • Guangxi
    • Chongzuo
      • Daxin Co.
Jinbang Wang (1987) +1 other reference
    • Fangchenggang
      • Fangcheng District
        • Qinzhou-Fangcheng Mn ore field
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
    • Guigang
      • Guiping Co.
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
    • Guilin
      • Pingle Co.
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
    • Laibin
      • Wuxuan Co.
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
    • Liuzhou
      • Liujiang Co.
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
    • Qinzhou
      • Qinbei District
        • Qinzhou-Fangcheng Mn ore field
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
Yinsheng Lang et al. (2007)
  • Henan
    • Nanyang
      • Fangcheng County
Tianwei Guo and Zhongwen Han (1990)
  • Hubei
    • Huanggang
      • Luotian Co.
        • Hejiawan
Jingqu Yao (1992)
Jingqu Yao (1992)
    • Huangshi
      • Daye Co.
    • Wuhan
      • Huangpi District
Jingqu Yao (1992)
  • Hunan
    • Chenzhou
      • Guiyang Co.
        • Dafang Au-Ag-Pb-Zn deposit
Fushan Wang (1991)
Fushan Wang (1991)
    • Xiangtan
      • Yuhu District
Xiang Gao et al. (2003)
    • Yiyang
      • Heshan District
Hunan Metallurgical Geology Research Team 236 (1977) +1 other reference
    • Yongzhou
      • Lengshuitan District
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
      • Lingling District
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Chifeng City (Ulanhad League; Chifeng Prefecture)
      • Linxi County
        • Guandi
Baisheng Zhang (1998)
    • Xilingol League (Xilinguole Prefecture)
      • Erenhot City (Erlianhaote Co.)
Tongyun Song (1980)
  • Jiangxi
    • Jingdezhen
      • Leping Co.
Guilin Institute of Metallurgical Geology et al. (1976) +2 other references
  • Liaoning
    • Chaoyang
      • Chaoyang County
Guilin Metallurgical Institute of Geology (1976) +1 other reference
  • Qinghai
    • Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
      • Qilian Co.
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
  • Shaanxi
    • Ankang
      • Ziyang County
Gongqin Zhang (1986) +1 other reference
    • Hanzhong
      • Hantai District
www.mineralmundi.com (2016)
      • Mian County
Zhongtang Yang et al. (2009)
      • Ningqiang County
Jiuling Zhang (1982) +2 other references
      • Xixiang County
Pingyi Wan (2002)
      • Zhenba County
Pingyi Wan (2002)
  • Sichuan
    • Dazhou
      • Wanyuan Co.
Pingyi Wan (2002)
Pingyi Wan (2002)
    • Leshan
      • Jinkouhe District
Xingfen Wang (1989) +1 other reference
    • Meishan
      • Hongya County
Hongjun Qu (1992)
    • Mianyang
      • Pingwu Co.
        • Mount Little Xuebaoding
          • Huya township
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
      • Youxian District
Jiuling Zhang (1982)
    • Ngawa Autonomous Prefecture (Aba Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Heishui Co.
Shengming Lu (1988) +1 other reference
    • Ya'an
      • Hanyuan County
Hongjun Qu (1992) +1 other reference
Hongjun Qu (1992)
  • Xinjiang
    • Aksu Prefecture
      • Kuqa Co.
Dong Wei (2007)
    • Bayin'gholin Autonomous Prefecture (Bayingolin Autonomous Prefecture; Bayinguoleng Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Hejing Co. (Xejing Co.)
        • Baluntai
Jiuling Zhang (1982) +2 other references
    • Hami Prefecture (Kumul Prefecture; Qumul Prefecture)
      • Yizhou District
        • Yamansu
Weixuan Fang et al. (2006)
    • Yili Hasake Autonomous Prefecture (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture)
      • Aletai Prefecture (Altay Prefecture)
        • Qinghe Co. (Qinggil Co.; Chinggil Co.)
Ma (2005)
  • Yunnan
    • Dali
      • Heqing County
Hongjun Liu (1987) +1 other reference
Yang Yuchun (1996)
    • Honghe
      • Jianshui County
Hunan Metallurgical Geology Research Team 236 (1977) +1 other reference
    • Wenshan
      • Yanshan County
Wenxin Yu (1980) +4 other references
Costa Rica
 
  • Guanacaste Province
    • Nicoya Canton
Halbach +4 other references
Czech Republic
 
  • Vysočina Region
    • Třebíč District
      • Kojetice
Novák et al. (2007)
Fiji
 
Skiba (1964)
Finland
 
  • South Ostrobothnia
    • Seinäjoki-Lapua
Alviola +1 other reference
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Savoie
      • Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
        • Bessans
Chopin (1978)
        • Bonneval-sur-Arc
Chopin (1978) +1 other reference
  • Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
    • Haute-Saône
      • Lure
        • Esmoulières
          • Saphoz
Wittern et al. (Cologne)
Perseil (1975)
Perseil (1975)
  • Grand Est
    • Bas-Rhin
      • Sélestat-Erstein
        • Dambach-la-Ville
Wittern et al. (Cologne)
    • Vosges
      • Saint-Dié-des-Vosges
        • Gérardmer
Weil et al. (1958) +3 other references
  • Occitanie
    • Ariège
Perseil (1967)
    • Haute-Garonne
      • Saint-Gaudens
        • Boutx
Inventaire minéralogique de la France ...
    • Hautes-Pyrénées
Le Règne Minéral 47: 5-21
        • Nabias
European J. Mineralogy
      • Bagnères-de-Bigorre
        • Vielle-Aure
Ragu (1994) +1 other reference
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
      • Barcelonnette
        • Saint-Paul-sur-Ubaye
          • Maljasset
Bourbon M. (1972)
    • Alpes-Maritimes
      • Grasse
Belot (1978) +1 other reference
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
        • Eisenbach
Walenta (1992)
Weiß (1990)
Walenta (1992)
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Lahr/Schwarzwald
          • Lahr/Schwarzwald
Walenta (1992)
      • Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis
        • Triberg im Schwarzwald
          • Gremmelsbach
Walenta (1992)
  • Bavaria
    • Lower Franconia
      • Aschaffenburg District
        • Sailauf
          • Hartkoppe
Lorenz (1991) +1 other reference
  • Hesse
    • Darmstadt
      • Darmstadt-Dieburg
        • Mühltal
          • Nieder-Ramstadt
            • Kirchberg
Weiß (1990)
  • Rhineland-Palatinate
    • Mayen-Koblenz
      • Vordereifel
        • Ettringen
[Hentschel et al. (5)
    • Vulkaneifel
      • Kelberg
        • Drees
Schüller
  • Saxony-Anhalt
    • Wippra Metamorphic Zone
      • Mansfeld
Wittern (2001)
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
  • Thuringia
    • Gotha District
USGS Bull 427
    • Ilm District
Wittern (2001)
      • Geratal
Wittern (2001)
      • Ilmenau
        • Langewiesen
Clark (1993)
    • Nordhausen District
      • Harztor
        • Ilfeld
Greece
 
  • Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
    • Thasos
Vason et al. (1993)
      • Theologos
Vason et al. (1993)
  • South Aegean
    • Andros
      • Vasiliko Mountain
Amer.Min. (1996)
Reinecke (1982) +1 other reference
    • Paros
        • Vounia Lefkon
Tombros et al. (2023)
    • Syros
      • Syros Island
        • Gria Spilia
Altherr et al. (2013)
India
 
  • Andhra Pradesh
    • Vizianagaram District
Econ Geol (1980)
Econ Geol (1980)
  • Chhattisgarh
Singh et al. (1991)
  • Gujarat
    • Panch Mahal District
Rasul (1965)
  • Karnataka
    • Ballari District
      • Bellary-Hospet iron belt
        • Sandur
Rao et al. (1979)
  • Madhya Pradesh
    • Jabalpur Division
Shukla +1 other reference
Sarkar (2015)
Dasgupta et al. (1987)
        • Tirodi
Miura et al. (1987)
      • Chhindwara District
Roy et al. (1968)
Chemical abstracts
    • Jhabua District
Nayak (1966) +1 other reference
  • Maharashtra
    • Nagpur Division
      • Bhandara District
MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE +1 other reference
S.P. Deshpande (1959)
Bilgrami (1955)
Mineralogische Museum Bonn specimen.
  • Odisha
    • Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt
Yadav (2022)
    • Rayagada District
Acharya et al. (1997)
    • Sundargarh District (Sundergarh District)
Nicholson et al. (1997)
  • Telangana
    • Adilabad District
Rao +1 other reference
Indonesia
 
  • Bangka-Belitung Province
    • Belitung Island (Biliton Island)
Schwartz (1990)
Iran
 
  • Isfahan Province
    • Kashan County
Mousivand et al. (2018)
  • Sistan and Baluchestan Province
    • Zahedan County
      • Dehoo
Lotfi et al. (2017)
Ireland
 
  • Munster
    • Cork County
      • Glandore
Grennan
Italy
 
  • Aosta Valley
    • Fénis
      • Clavalité Valley
Castello (1981) +1 other reference
    • Gressan
      • Pila
Piccoli et al. (2007)
    • Nus
      • Saint-Barthélemy
Pelloux (1946) +1 other reference
    • Rhêmes-Notre-Dame
      • Rifugio Gian Federico Benevolo (Rifugio Benevolo)
Alessandro Cantamessa collection
    • Saint-Marcel
Castello P. (1982) +1 other reference
  • Calabria
    • Cosenza Province
      • Mormanno
Ciampi (1918) +3 other references
  • Liguria
    • Genoa
      • Casarza Ligure
        • Bargone
Antofilli
Antofilli
      • Castiglione Chiavarese
Antofilli
      • Ne
Redazionale (2005)
Antofilli
        • Reppia
Pipino (1984)
        • Statale
//doi.org/10.57635/MICRO.2023.21.7 +1 other reference
    • La Spezia Province
Antofilli
      • Bonassola
Antofilli et al. (1983)
      • Borghetto di Vara
American Mineralogist: 86: 197. +1 other reference
      • Maissana
        • Mt. Alpe
Castellaro et al. (2011)
Di Lisi S.
      • Rocchetta di Vara
Marchesini et al. (1997)
  • Lombardy
    • Sondrio Province
      • Lanzada
AA. VV.
Bedognè et al. (1993) +2 other references
Lapis (10)
      • Torre di Santa Maria
Bedognè et al. (1993)
  • Molise
    • Isernia Province
      • Roccamandolfi
Boni et al. (1976) +1 other reference
  • Piedmont
    • Alessandria Province
      • Molare
Antofilli
    • Cuneo Province
      • Bellino
Piccoli et al. (2007) +1 other reference
      • Canosio
        • Vallone della Valletta
Cámara et al. (2014) +1 other reference
      • Frabosa Soprana
Piccoli et al. (2007)
      • Montaldo di Mondovì
        • Borgata Oberti
Beiträge zur Geologie der Schweiz +9 other references
      • Pontechianale
Piccoli (2002)
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Ala di Stura
Baretti (1893)
      • Balme
        • Mussa Alp (Pian della Mussa; Piano della Mussa; La Mussa; Lamussa)
Barresi et al. (2003)
      • Ceres
Maccario et al. (1970)
        • Voragno
Maletto et al. (2014)
Maletto et al. (1976)
      • Mezzenile
Deidda et al. (2022)
Deidda et al. (2022)
      • Monastero di Lanzo
        • Chiaves
Ambrino et al. (2010)
      • Pragelato
Paolo Bosio find & collection
      • Salbertrand
Ambrino et al. (2022)
Barresi (1999)
M.E. Ciriotti (05/04/2008)
        • Feilongo
- (M.E. Ciriotti - 05/04/2008)
      • Usseaux
Paolo Bosio find & collection
      • Usseglio
Deidda et al. (2022)
      • Viù
        • Col San Giovanni
Giovanni Fraccaro
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
      • Valstrona
        • Forno
Bertolani (1976)
    • Vercelli Province
      • Alagna Valsesia
        • Otro Valley
Peters Tj. et al. (1978)
  • Tuscany
    • Grosseto Province
      • Monte Argentario
Del Caldo et al. (1973)
    • Livorno Province
      • Campo nell'Elba
Orlandi et al. (1997)
    • Lucca Province
Biagioni C. (Alpi Apuane, Lucca) +1 other reference
Biagioni (2004)
    • Massa-Carrara Province
      • Carrara
Di Giovanni (1981)
Di Giovanni (1981) +1 other reference
    • Metropolitan City of Florence
      • Firenzuola
De Michele (1974)
    • Siena Province
      • Cetona
REGIONE TOSCANA
      • Murlo
        • La Befa
Betti et al. (2000)
        • Pompana
R. Meli (1999)
Japan
 
  • Akita Prefecture
    • Kosaka
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Odate
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated by the Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
  • Aomori Prefecture
    • Higashitsugaru District
      • Imabetsu
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
  • Ehime Prefecture
    • Iyo district
      • Tobe-cho
M. Nakagawa et al. (2009)
Fukushima et al. (2005) +1 other reference
    • Ouzu City
Nishio–Hamane et al. (2018)
    • Seiyo City
      • Nomura
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Shirokawa
Dr. Matsuo Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) +1 other reference
    • Shikokuchuo City
      • Doi
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
  • Fukushima Prefecture
    • Iwaki City
Matsubara et al. (1996)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
  • Gifu Prefecture
Lee (1955)
  • Gunma Prefecture
    • Midori City
      • Seta
FUKUOKA et al. (1977)
  • Hokkaidō Prefecture
    • Oshima Subprefecture
      • Futami District
        • Yakumo
          • Kumaishi
Tomohiro Morishita (2011)
    • Sorachi Subprefecture
Suzaki et al. (1969)
  • Hyogo Prefecture
    • Taka District
Yamada (2004)
  • Iwate Prefecture
    • Karumai
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Kuji City
      • Yamagata-cho
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Yamagata
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Kunohe-gun
      • Hirono
        • Ono
Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéralo. ...
      • Karumai
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Kunohe
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Noda
Crystal Vine specimen +1 other reference
    • Shimohei District
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Iwaizumi
Dr. Matsuo Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Tanohata
Matsubara et al. (1985) +1 other reference
Nagase et al. (2012)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Yamada-machi
Dr. Matsuo Nambu ore collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
      • Yamada
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Dr. Matsuo Nambu collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
  • Kagoshima Prefecture
    • Oshima District
      • Yamato village
Introduction to Japanese Minerals (Geological Survey of Japan, 1970) +1 other reference
  • Kanagawa Prefecture
    • Ashigarakami District
      • Yamakita
Yamada (2004)
    • Hadano City
Mineralogical Journal Vol. 17 (1994)
  • Kochi Prefecture
Masaki Enami (1986)
    • Kami City
M. Nakagawa et al. (2009)
    • Nankoku city
Masutomi Museum specimens (Kyoto)
M. Nakagawa et al. (2009)
M. Nakagawa et al. (2009)
M. Nakagawa et al. (2009)
  • Kyoto Prefecture
    • Kyoto City
      • Kita-ku
Yamada (2004)
      • Sakyou-ku
Masutomi Museum specimens (Kyoto)
      • Ukyou-ku
Masutomi Museum specimens (Kyoto) +1 other reference
  • Mie Prefecture
    • Toba City
Yamada (2004)
  • Nagano Prefecture
    • Kamiina District
Katsu Kaneko (1956)
Akira Kato (2011)
  • Nagasaki Prefecture
    • Nagasaki City
      • Kinkai-Tone-machi
Masutomi Museum specimens +3 other references
      • Mie
Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
    • Nishisonogi District
Mem. Fac. Sci. et al. (1957)
  • Oita Prefecture
    • Saiki City
Nishio-Hamane et al. (2012)
    • Tsukumi City
Minerals Unlimited specimens (Ridgecrest, California)
  • Saitama Prefecture
    • Hanno City
Satoshi Matsubara (1981)
Banno (2000)
  • Shizuoka Prefecture
    • Numazu City
Akira Kato (2009)
  • Tochigi Prefecture
    • Kanuma City
      • Awano
Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan)
Matsubara et al. (2007)
Katsu Kaneko (1956)
Steinbock Minerals specimens
  • Tokushima Prefecture
    • Tokushima City
Nakagawa et al. (2011)
Kozo Takeda pers. comm.
  • Tokyo Metropolis
    • Nishitama district
      • Okutama-cho
Am Min 90:1468 +1 other reference
  • Wakayama Prefecture
    • Iwade city
      • Afuzu-mura
Yamada (2004) +1 other reference
  • Yamanashi Prefecture
    • Minami-Alps City
      • Kohsai
A. Kato et al.
    • Minamikoma District
      • Minobu
        • Shimobe
 ...
Kazakhstan
 
  • Karaganda Region
    • Aktogay District
Singer et al. (2008)
Evseev (1995)
  • Ulytau Region
    • Karazhal
      • Zhayrem (Zhairem)
Frank Dzubeck +1 other reference
    • Zhanaarka District
      • Atasu Mine
Kayupova (1964)
Kosovo
 
  • Ferizaj District
    • Štrpce (Shtërpcë)
J. Petrol.
Madagascar
 
  • Amoron'i Mania
    • Ambatofinandrahana District
      • Ambatofinandrahana Commune
Behier (1960)
  • Atsimo-Andrefana
    • Betioky District
      • Soamanonga
Behier (1960)
Mexico
 
  • Coahuila
    • Sierra Mojada Municipality
      • Sierra Mojada
Mineralogical Magazine 1964 33 : 841-852
  • Durango
    • Mapimí Municipality
      • Mapimí
Panczner (1987)
  • Hidalgo
    • Mineral del Monte Municipality
      • Mineral del Monte (Mineral del Real del Monte; Real del Monte)
Panczner (1987)
Panczner (1987)
Panczner (1987)
  • Jalisco
    • Autlán Municipality
      • Autlán de Navarro
Econ Geol (1981)
  • Nuevo León
    • Sabinas Hidalgo Municipality
Rocks and Minerals (1988)
Morocco
 
  • Béni Mellal-Khénifra Region
    • Azilal Province
Varentsov (1996)
  • Drâa-Tafilalet Region
    • Zagora Province
      • Agdz Cercle
        • Tansifte Caïdat
FAVREAU G. & DIETRICH J.E. (2006)
Namibia
 
  • Otjozondjupa Region
    • Omatako Constituency
Cabral +3 other references
New Zealand
 
Railton et al. (1990)
  • Canterbury Region
    • Selwyn District
      • Coalgate
Railton et al. (1990)
Railton et al. (1990)
    • South Wairarapa District
      • Pahaoa River
Fyfe et al. (1959) +1 other reference
North Macedonia
 
  • Veles Municipality
Bermanec et al. (1996)
      • Jakupica Mountains
        • Babuna Valley
Bermanec et al +1 other reference
Chukanov et al. (2015)
Ermolaeva et al. (2019)
Norway
 
  • Agder
    • Bykle
      • Hovden
Nordrum et al. (1981) +1 other reference
  • Telemark
    • Tokke
      • Botnedal
Westerweld (1961)
  • Troms og Finnmark
    • Målselv
      • Kirkesdalen
Landmark (1952)
  • Viken
    • Lunner
      • Grua
        • Grua mining district
Folvik (2005)
Pacific Ocean
 
  • Clarion-Clipperton zone
Skowronek et al. (2021)
Pakistan
 
  • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province
    • North Waziristan District
      • Waziristan ophiolite
        • Saidgi Mt area
Shah et al. (1999)
        • Shuidar Mt area
Shah et al. (1999)
Poland
 
  • Lesser Poland Voivodeship
    • Tatra County
Szakáll (2002)
Korczyńska-Oszacka B. 1978: Minerały manganu wapieni jurajskich Doliny Chochołowskiej (Tatry, Polska)
      • Lejowa Valley
Oszacka 1978: Tlenki manganu powstałe ...
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Wałbrzych County
      • Gmina Walim
Lis et al. (1986)
Portugal
 
  • Beja
    • Aljustrel
      • Aljustrel e Rio de Moinhos
LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (Siorminp ID 635Mn)
LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (Siorminp ID 635Mn)
    • Castro Verde
      • Castro Verde e Casével
LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...
LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...
    • Odemira
      • São Luís
LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...
  • Setúbal
    • Santiago do Cacém
      • Cercal do Alentejo
- (?)
Romania
 
  • Bihor County
    • Pădurea Craiului Mountains
      • Șuncuiuș clay mine
Onac (2019)
  • Bistrița-Năsăud County
    • Rodna
      • Valea Vinului
Delia Cristina Papp et al. (2005)
  • Caraş-Severin County
    • Brebu
Hârtopanu et al. (1996)
  • Maramureș County
    • Târgu Lăpuș
Udubasa et al. (1996) +1 other reference
Russia
 
  • Altai Republic
    • Ust-Koksinsky District
Vera N. Smol'yaninova data
  • Bashkortostan
    • Sibay
Brusnitsyn et al. (2005)
  • Chelyabinsk Oblast
    • Argayashsky District
      • Bol'shoi Tatkul' Lake
Pekov (1998)
Pletnev P. (1995)
  • Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Berdnikov et al. (2023)
Berdnikov et al. (2023)
Berdnikov et al. (2020) +1 other reference
  • Khabarovsk Krai
    • Malyi Khingan Range
Varentsov (1996)
    • Taikan Ridge
Mandarino (1996)
Pekov (1998)
Pekov (1998)
  • Khakassia (Republic of Khakassia)
    • Askizsky Rayon
      • Askiz ore district
Kassandrov et al. (2009)
Kassandrov et al. (2009)
  • Sakha
    • Polar Yakutia
Econ Geol (1995)
Slovakia
 
  • Košice Region
    • Gelnica District
Koděra (1986)
Koděra (1986)
    • Spišská Nová Ves District
      • Poráč
Martin Števko & Pavol Myšľan
    • Trebišov District
Koděra
South Africa
 
  • KwaZulu-Natal
    • Uthukela District Municipality
Cairncross et al. (1995)
  • Limpopo
    • Capricorn District Municipality
      • Blouberg Local Municipality
        • Tolwe
J. Gutzmer et al. (2002)
    • Waterberg District Municipality
      • Modimolle-Mookgophong Local Municipality
        • Mookgophong
Cairncross et al. (1995)
  • North West
    • Bojanala Platinum District Municipality
      • Madibeng Local Municipality
        • Brits
Atanasova et al. (2016)
    • Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality
      • Ramotshere Moiloa Local Municipality
Econ Geol (1990) +1 other reference
  • Northern Cape
Gutzmer (1996)
    • Gamagara Ridge
Gutzmer (1996)
Gutzmer (1996)
Gutzmer (1996)
Gutzmer (1996)
Cairncross et al. (1995)
        • Gloucester Farm
Gutzmer (1996) +1 other reference
Cairncross et al. (1995)
Cairncross et al. (1995) +1 other reference
Gutzmer (1996)
Gutzmer (1996)
Cairncross et al. (1995)
Cairncross et al. (1995) +1 other reference
    • John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality
      • Gamagara Local Municipality
Moore et al. (2011) +2 other references
      • Joe Morolong Local Municipality
        • Black Rock
Cairncross et al. (1995)
        • Hotazel
Wilson et al. (1978)
Preston (2009) +1 other reference
        • N'Chwaning Mines
Von Bezing et al. (1991)
Cairncross B. and Beukes (2013)
Jordi Fabre specimen
South African Micromount Society (2014)
Dunn et al. (1980) +4 other references
Schaller W T et al. (1967) +1 other reference
    • ZF Mgcawu District Municipality
Gutzmer (1996)
      • Tsantsabane Local Municipality
        • Postmasburg
Costin et al. (2016)
Costin et al. (2014) +1 other reference
South Korea
 
  • Gangwon Province
    • Chongson-gun
      • Nam-myon (Sindong-myon)
Kinosaki (1943)
Spain
 
  • Andalusia
    • Huelva
      • Minas de Riotinto
Bocamina (4)
Jiménez-Millán et al. (1997)
  • Balearic Islands
    • Majorca
      • Llucmajor
Onac et al. (2014)
  • Extremadura
    • Badajoz
Eur. J. Mineral.
Sweden
 
  • Dalarna County
    • Avesta
      • Folkärna
Geijer (1939)
    • Hedemora
      • Garpenberg
Grensman et al. (2001)
  • Jönköping County
    • Jönköping
      • Ödestugu
  • Norrbotten County
    • Jokkmokk
Roy (1972)
Ödman (1950)
Ödman (1950)
Wilke Band 4 Skandinavien
Sandström (1997)
Augsten (2010)
Ödman (1950)
Ödman (1950)
  • Örebro County
    • Hällefors
      • Grythyttan
Igelström (1886)
    • Lindesberg
      • Nyberget
Roy (1972) +1 other reference
Igelström (1890)
Holtstam (1997)
Koark (1970)
  • Värmland County
    • Filipstad
      • Långban Ore District
Gatedal (n.d.) +2 other references
Sjögren (1891)
Grensman (2003)
Adolfsson (1979)
Adolfsson (1979)
      • Nordmark mining district
        • Jakobsberg ore field
Igelström (1886)
Gatedal (n.d.)
      • Persberg ore district
Sandström et al. (2009)
Jonsson (1999)
Gatedal (n.d.) +1 other reference
  • Västmanland County
    • Norberg
Ounchanum et al. (1987)
  • Västra Götaland County
    • Åmål
      • Strandhem ore field
    • Karlsborg
      • Undenäs
Sandtsröm (2002)
Switzerland
 
  • Grisons
    • Albula Region
      • Surses
        • Mulegns
Geiger T. (1948)
        • Tinizong (Tinzen)
Geiger T. (1948) +1 other reference
Mandarino (2001)
    • Maloja Region
      • Samedan
        • Piz Corvatsch
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Plessur Region
      • Arosa
        • Langwies
          • Fondei Valley
Geiger T. (1948) +1 other reference
Geiger T. (1948)
    • Surselva Region
      • Vals
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Viamala Region
      • Ferrera
        • Ausserferrera
Stalder et al. (1998)
Lapis 36 (4)
        • Innerferrera (Calantgil)
Brugger J. (1996)
        • Starlera Valley
Brugger et al. (1999) +2 other references
      • Rheinwald
        • Splügen
Stalder et al. (1998)
  • Valais
    • Entremont
      • Val de Bagnes
        • Mauvoisin
Stalder et al. (1998)
    • Visp
      • Täsch
        • Täsch Valley
Stalder et al. (1998)
Turkey
 
  • Adana Province
    • Ceyhan District
Öztürk (1997)
Öztürk (1997)
  • Balikesir Province
    • Bigadiç District
Gultekin et al. (2016)
  • Burdur Province
    • Burdur
TEKER et al. (2006)
  • Denizli Province
    • Tavas
      • Ulukent
Öztürk (1997)
  • Eskişehir Province
    • Beylikova District
Journal of Asian Earth Sciences (2003) +1 other reference
  • Kütahya Province
    • Emet District
      • Kayi Köy
Müller (1954)
  • Muğla Province
    • Dalaman District
Öztürk (1997)
  • Yozgat Province
    • Sorgun District
Oksuz (2018)
UK
 
  • England
    • Cumbria
      • Allerdale
        • Caldbeck
          • Coombe Height
Young (1987) +1 other reference
      • Copeland
        • Egremont
          • Bigrigg
Day (1999)
Tindle (2008)
  • Wales
    • Bridgend
      • Porthcawl
Criddle et al. (1977)
Ukraine
 
  • Crimea
    • Simferopol area
      • Mramornoe Village area
Alexander I. Tischenko (1996)
United Arab Emirates
 
  • Emirate of Fujairah
    • Semail Ophiolite
      • Khawr Fakkan Massif (Khor Fakkan)
Kugimiya et al. (2004)
Mn-Mg-silicates from a manganiferous ... +1 other reference
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area
      • Melozitna Mining District
- (2008)
  • Arizona
    • Cochise County
Anthony et al. (1995)
        • Escabrosa Ridge
Grant et al. (2005)
Palache (1920) +4 other references
Luetcke (n.d.)
Anthony et al. (1995)
      • Turquoise Mining District (Courtland-Gleeson Mining District)
        • Gleeson
          • Costello Mine group
Luetcke (n.d.)
Anthony et al. (1995)
Graeme (1993) +1 other reference
    • Coconino County
      • Johnson & Hayden Mining District (Peach Springs Mining District)
        • Frazier Wells
Potter (1949) +2 other references
    • Gila County
Hewett (1960) +1 other reference
    • Graham County
      • Aravaipa Mining District
        • Klondyke
          • Grand Reef Mountain
            • Laurel Canyon
Anthony et al. (1995)
    • Mohave County
      • Artillery Mountains
        • Artillery Peak
Head (1941) +1 other reference
    • Pima County
Havens et al. (1954) +1 other reference
Havens et al. (1954) +1 other reference
      • Las Guijas & San Luis Mountains
        • Arivaca Mining District (Las Guijas Mining District)
Hewett (1972) +1 other reference
      • Tucson Mountains
Guild (1935) +1 other reference
      • Waterman Mining District
        • Silver Hill Mining District
          • Silver Hill
Anthony et al. (1995)
    • Pinal County
      • Superior
        • Apache Leap
          • Belmont Canyon
            • Belmont Mine (Belmont Copper property; Goodwin Mine; Monte Carlo claim; Smith lease; Doggs Mine; Lone Star Mine)
Jones et al. (1920) +1 other reference
    • Santa Cruz County
Hewett (1960) +1 other reference
Havens et al. (1954) +1 other reference
          • Harshaw
            • Hardshell Gulch
Jones et al. (1920) +1 other reference
              • Hermosa group
MRDS database Dep. ID file #10048336
Jones et al. (1920) +1 other reference
    • Yavapai County
      • Bradshaw Mountains (Bradshaw Range)
        • Peck Mining District
Brian Beck Collected
  • Arkansas
Howard (1987)
Howard (2007)
    • Independence County
Miser (1922)
Miser (1922)
- (2005)
Miser (1922)
    • Izard County
- (2005)
Miser (1922)
Howard (1987) +1 other reference
Howard (2007)
Howard (1987) +1 other reference
Howard (1987) +1 other reference
- (2005)
    • Stone County
- (2005)
  • California
    • Humboldt County
      • Coastal Range
        • Fort Seward
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 411. +3 other references
    • Inyo County
      • Darwin Hills
        • Darwin Mining District
          • Darwin
            • Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine)
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 166. +1 other reference
White (1973)
      • Palos Verdes peninsula
Potter et al. (1979)
          • George Canyon (George F. Canyon)
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 164 +2 other references
    • Plumas County
      • Moccasin
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 166. +4 other references
    • San Bernardino County
      • Silver Lake Mining District
        • Soda Mountains
          • Baker
            • Otto Mountain
Marek Chorazewicz (2023)
      • Whipple Mountains
        • Whipple District (Monumental District)
          • Black Meadow Landing
- (2005)
          • Havasu Palms (Roads End Camp)
- (2005)
    • Santa Clara County
      • Black Wonder Mining District
        • Sugarloaf Mountain
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 414. +3 other references
Ramsdell (1932) +1 other reference
    • Stanislaus County
      • Ladd-Buckeye Mining District
        • Mount Oso
Am Min 69:200-206 +12 other references
    • Trinity County
      • Coastal Range
        • Chicago Rock
- (2005)
        • Kekawaka
Trask et al. (1943) +1 other reference
        • Three Forks
Huebner +3 other references
      • Klamath Mountains
        • Dubakella Mountain
Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 414. +2 other references
        • Hayfork Mining District
          • Peanut
Hewett et al. (1961) +1 other reference
  • Colorado
    • Eagle County
      • Gilman Mining District (Battle Mountain Mining District; Red Cliff Mining District)
        • Gilman
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Park County
      • South Park
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Pitkin County
      • Snowmass Area
- (2005)
  • Georgia
    • Bartow County
      • Cartersville Mining District
Rocks & Min.: 64:185.
- (1917)
  • Idaho
    • Lemhi County
Ream (2004)
Horton et al. (1981)
  • Maine
    • Aroostook County
      • Castle Hill
      • T3 R9 WELS
      • TD R2 WELS
Pavlides
Pavlides
  • Michigan
    • Iron County
      • Stambaugh
Morris Jr. (1983)
    • Keweenaw County
Heinrich et al. (2004)
      • Grant Township
        • Copper Harbor
Heinrich et al. (2004)
Morris Jr. (1983)
  • Missouri
    • Shannon County
Sherwood et al. (1998)
Sherwood et al. (1998)
- (2005)
Sherwood et al. (1998)
  • Montana
    • Granite County
      • Philipsburg Mining District (Flint Creek Mining District)
- (2005)
  • Nevada
    • Humboldt County
      • Black Diablo Mining District
Bonham et al. (1985)
NBMG Bull 59 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
    • Lander County
      • Buffalo Valley Mining District
NBMG Bull 80 Geology and Mineral ...
    • Lincoln County
      • Comet Mining District
USGS website : ...
      • Delamar Mining District
- (2005)
      • Pioche Mining District
Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference
- (2005)
      • Viola Mining District
NBMG Bull 73 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
    • Pershing County
      • Black Diablo Mining District
- (2005)
      • Tobin and Sonoma Range Mining District
- (2005)
    • White Pine County
      • Nevada Mining District
        • Vietta mine
Castor et al. (2004)
      • Robinson Mining District
NBMG Bull 85 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
NBMG Bull 85 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
NBMG Bull 85 Geology and Mineral ...
NBMG Bull 85 Geology and Mineral ... +1 other reference
  • New Jersey
    • Hunterdon County
The Minerals of NYC & Its Environs et al. (1931)
  • New Mexico
    • Sierra County
Northrop et al. (1996)
    • Socorro County
Northrop et al. (1996)
  • New York
    • St. Lawrence County
      • Balmat-Edwards Zinc Mining District
The New York State Museum Catalog No. ...
Peterson et al. (1984)
      • Fowler
Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 22 (1984)
  • North Carolina
Genth +1 other reference
Genth et al. (1881)
  • Rhode Island
    • Providence County
      • Cumberland
Miller (1972)
Miller (1971)
      • Lincoln
        • Lime Rock
  • Tennessee
    • Monroe County
      • Sweetwater Barite Mining District-Eastern Belt
Stose et al. (1923)
  • Texas
    • Llano County
Smith (1991)
      • Riley Mountains
Smith (1991)
    • Mason County
Smith (1991)
      • Fly Gap
Dana 6: 1082 +2 other references
  • Utah
    • Juab County
      • San Pitch Mountains
Crittenden Jr (1951) +2 other references
    • Tooele County
      • Simpson Mountains
        • Erickson Mining District (Black Crook Mining District)
- (2005)
  • Vermont
- (1917)
    • Rutland County
      • Brandon
Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)
    • Windsor County
Morrill & Chaffee
  • Washington
    • Clallam County
Cannon (1975)
      • Lake Crescent Area
Cannon (1975)
Cannon (1975)
    • Grays Harbor County
      • Quinault Lake
Cannon (1975)
  • Wisconsin
    • Iron County
      • Gogebic Range
        • Montreal
Cordua (1998)
  • Wyoming
Rocks&Min 76:23-241
      • Bridger Mts (Bridger Range)
Rocks & Minerals 76:386
Vietnam
 
  • Cao Bằng Province
    • Quảng Hòa District
Kamitani et al. (2007)
    • Trùng Khánh District
Kamitani et al. (2007)
Kamitani et al. (2007)
  • Tuyên Quang Province
    • Na Hang District
Kamitani et al. (2007)
Zambia
 
  • Central Province
    • Chitambo District
Handbook of Mineralogy Vol II p399
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