Tengerite-(Y)
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Tengerite-(Y)
Formula:
Y2(CO3)3 · 2-3H2O
Colour:
White
Lustre:
Dull, Earthy
Specific Gravity:
3.110 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Originally named by James D. Dana and George J. Brush in 1868 after C. Tenger, Swedish chemist who described the mineral in 1838 along with Adolf Ferdinand Svanberg, but the new mineral was left unnamed. Tengerite was not well-described and subsequently lokkaite-(Y) and kimuraite-(Y) were described as new and independent species. Miyawaki et al. redefined tengerite in 1993. Investigation of type material showed that "tengerite-(Y)" from Ytterby was actually lokkaite-(Y). Tengerite as redefined does occur at Ytterby, but is much rarer than lokkaite-(Y). Tengerite-(Y) was not found on the type specimen, but an Ytterby specimen in the Smithsonian Institution contained redefined tengerite-(Y). Miyawaki et al. (1993) did not describe any of the physical properties of the redefined mineral. See https://www.mindat.org/mesg-245492.html#245508
Photos in the tengerite-(Y) gallery might not be that species. Miyawaki et al. (1993) indicated at least five species have been called tengerite-(Y) including a new species. Information is needed to determine how tengerite-(Y) specimens have been identified.
Photos in the tengerite-(Y) gallery might not be that species. Miyawaki et al. (1993) indicated at least five species have been called tengerite-(Y) including a new species. Information is needed to determine how tengerite-(Y) specimens have been identified.
Type Locality:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3910
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3910:5
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
da5c805d-6b2d-4c9c-8d9b-6dc7f8a5a5b3
IMA Classification of Tengerite-(Y)
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA status notes:
Redefined by the IMA
Approval year:
1993
Approval history:
Redefined 1993 s.p.: Miyawaki et al. (1993).
Classification of Tengerite-(Y)
5.CC.10
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
C : Carbonates without additional anions, with H2O
C : With rare earth elements (REE)
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
C : Carbonates without additional anions, with H2O
C : With rare earth elements (REE)
15.4.3.1
15 : HYDRATED NORMAL CARBONATES
4 : AmBn(XO3)p·xH2O, with (m+n):p < 1:1
15 : HYDRATED NORMAL CARBONATES
4 : AmBn(XO3)p·xH2O, with (m+n):p < 1:1
11.8.9
11 : Carbonates
8 : Carbonates of the rare earths
11 : Carbonates
8 : Carbonates of the rare earths
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Ten-Y | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Tengerite-(Y)
Dull, Earthy
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
White
Streak:
white
Tenacity:
Brittle
Density:
3.110 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Tengerite-(Y)
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.587 nγ = 1.616
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Birefringence:
0.029
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.029
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Tengerite-(Y)
Mindat Formula:
Y2(CO3)3 · 2-3H2O
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Tengerite-(Y)
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnnm
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.078 Å, b = 9.157 Å, c = 15.114 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.664 : 1 : 1.651
Unit Cell V:
841.19 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Thin coatings. Earthy and powdery.
Comment:
Bb21m
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0001554 | Tengerite-(Y) | Miyawaki R, Kuriyama J, Nakai I (1993) The redefinition of tengerite-(Y), Y2(CO3)3.2-3H2O, and its crystal structure American Mineralogist 78 425-432 |  | 1993 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.66 Å | (80) |
| 5.70 Å | (100) |
| 4.62 Å | (100) |
| 3.91 Å | (100) |
| 3.59 Å | (80) |
| 2.98 Å | (80) |
| 2.55 Å | (60) |
Comments:
Miyawaki, et al. (1993); ICDD 27-91 is also tengerite-(Y) redefined.
Geological Environment
Geological Setting:
Granite pegmatite, also vein deposits
Type Occurrence of Tengerite-(Y)
General Appearance of Type Material:
White coating.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden, number 10820 (type).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number R13924 (neotype).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number R13924 (neotype).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Rare-earth-rich granite pegmatite.
Synonyms of Tengerite-(Y)
Other Language Names for Tengerite-(Y)
German:Tengerit-(Y)
Russian:Тенгерит-(Y)
Relationship of Tengerite-(Y) to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Hizenite-(Y) | Ca2Y6(CO3)11 · 14H2O | Orth. |
| Kimuraite-(Y) | Ca(Y,Nd)2(CO3)4 · 6H2O | Orth. |
| Lokkaite-(Y) | Ca(Y,Gd,Nd,Dy)4(CO3)7 · 9H2O | Orth. |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 9 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Thalénite-(Y) | Y3Si3O10F |
| 8 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Iimoriite-(Y) | Y2[SiO4][CO3] |
| 8 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Keiviite-(Y) | Y2Si2O7 |
| 8 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Gadolinite-(Y) | Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10 |
| 6 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Lokkaite-(Y) | Ca(Y,Gd,Nd,Dy)4(CO3)7 · 9H2O |
| 5 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Yttrocrasite-(Y) | (Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)6 |
| 5 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Allanite-(Nd) | (CaNd)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| 4 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Allanite-(Y) | (CaY)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH) |
| 4 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Decrespignyite-(Y) | Cu(Y,REE)4(CO3)4(OH)5Cl · 2H2O |
| 4 photos of Tengerite-(Y) associated with Aluminocerite-(CeCa) | (Ce6Ca3)◻Al(SiO4)3[SiO3(OH)]4(OH)3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.CC. | Alicewilsonite-(YCe) | Na2Sr2YCe(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC. | Yuchuanite-(Y) | Y2(CO3)3 · H2O |
| 5.CC. | Bainbridgeite-(NdCe) | Na2Ba2NdCe(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Donnayite-(Y) | NaCaSr3Y(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Ewaldite | Ba(Na,Ca,Y,Ce,K)(CO3)2 · 2.6H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Mckelveyite-(Nd) | NaCaBa3Nd(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Mckelveyite-(Y) | NaCaBa3Y(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Weloganite | Na2Sr3Zr(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Unnamed (MSH UK-37A) | Sr3NaCaY(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | UM1992-05-CO:CaCeLaNaSr | (Sr,Na,Y,REE,Ca,Ba)2(CO3)2 · H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Mckelveyite Group | A3B3(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Bainbridgeite-(YCe) | Na2Ba2YCe(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.05 | Alicewilsonite-(YLa) | Na2Sr2YLa(CO3)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.15 | Kimuraite-(Y) | Ca(Y,Nd)2(CO3)4 · 6H2O |
| 5.CC.15 | Lokkaite-(Y) | Ca(Y,Gd,Nd,Dy)4(CO3)7 · 9H2O |
| 5.CC.15 | Hizenite-(Y) | Ca2Y6(CO3)11 · 14H2O |
| 5.CC.20 | Shomiokite-(Y) | Na3Y[CO3]3 · 3H2O |
| 5.CC.25 | Calkinsite-(Ce) | (Ce,La)2(CO3)3 · 4H2O |
| 5.CC.25 | Lanthanite-(Ce) | (Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)3 · 8H2O |
| 5.CC.25 | Lanthanite-(La) | (La,Ce)2(CO3)3 · 8H2O |
| 5.CC.25 | Lanthanite-(Nd) | (Nd,La)2(CO3)3 · 8H2O |
| 5.CC.30 | Adamsite-(Y) | NaY[CO3]2 · 6H2O |
| 5.CC.35 | Decrespignyite-(Y) | Cu(Y,REE)4(CO3)4(OH)5Cl · 2H2O |
| 5.CC.40 | Galgenbergite-(Ce) | Ca(Ce,La,Nd)2(CO3)4 · H2O |
| 5.CC.45 | Lecoqite-(Y) | Na3Y(CO3)3 · 6H2O |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Tengerite-(Y)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3910.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Tengerite-(Y)
Reference List:
Genth, F. (1889) Contribution to mineralogy; No. 44. American Journal of Science: 38: 198-203 (199).
Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin Vol. 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.142
Localities for Tengerite-(Y)
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Australian Journal of Mineralogy. Vol ... |
Canada | |
| D. D. Hogarth et al. (1973) |
| Hogarth et al. (1974) |
Finland | |
| Vorma et al. (1966) |
| Pavel Kartashov analytical data |
Japan | |
| Yamada (2004) |
| Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra ... +2 other references |
| Matsubara & Miyawaki (2006) +1 other reference |
Madagascar | |
| Behier (1960) +1 other reference |
Norway | |
| Wilke (1976) |
| Neumann H. (1985) |
| Adamson (1942) |
| Frigstad (1968) |
| Revheim (2004) |
| The Collection of Iveland Municipality et al. (IKM695) |
| Knut Edvard Larsen collection #MM- 3771 (visually identified) | |
| Nilssen (1971) | |
| Stensrud (2009) |
| Miyawaki et al. (1993) | |
| Frigstad (1968) | |
| Sverdrup (1959) |
| |
| Husdal (2020) |
| Husdal (2008) | |
| Husdal (2008) | |
| Vogt (1922) +2 other references |
| Larsen (1990) | |
| Ellingsen et al. (1995) +1 other reference |
| Kristiansen (1998) |
| Brögger (1907) |
| Neumann (1985) | |
| Larsen (1993) |
Russia | |
| Voloshin et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
| Voloshin A.V. et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) | |
| Pekov et al. (2008) | |
| Zozulya et al. (2022) | |
| |
Sweden | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dana (1868) +2 other references |
| Sjögren (1906) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) |
| Sherwood et al. (1998) |
| Crook (1977) +1 other reference |
| Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan Vol.45 (1972) |
| Self-Collected 2007 by David Aldridge |
| hlmann (1970) +1 other reference |
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Åskagen Quarry, Persberg ore district, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden