Botelho, N.F., Moura, M.A., Peterson, R.C., Stanley, C.J., Silva, D.V.G. (2006) Kalungaite, PdAsSe, a new platinum-group mineral from the Buraco do Ouro gold mine, Cavalcante, Goiás State, Brazil. Mineralogical Magazine: 70: 123-130.

Classification of KalungaiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

2.EB.25

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
E : Metal Sulfides, M: S <= 1:2
B : M:S = 1:2, with Fe, Co, Ni, PGE, etc.

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Klu	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KalungaiteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Lead-grey

Streak:

Black

Hardness:

VHN₂₅=429 - 455 kg/mm² - Vickers

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven

Density:

7.59 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of KalungaiteHide

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R
470 nm	47.5%
546 nm	46.9%
589 nm	46.8%
650 nm	48.0%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 48.0%.

Colour in reflected light:

Cream, creamy grey (adjacent to gold grains)

Internal Reflections:

None

Chemistry of KalungaiteHide

Mindat Formula:

PdAsSe

Elements listed:

As, Pd, Se - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Sb,Bi,S

Crystallography of KalungaiteHide

Crystal System:

Isometric

Class (H-M):

m3 (2/m 3) - Diploidal

Space Group:

Pa3

Cell Parameters:

a = 6.089 Å

Unit Cell V:

225.78 Å³

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0014013	Kalungaite	Foecker A J, Jeitschko W (2001) The atomic order of the pnictogen and chalcogen atoms in equiatomic ternary Journal of Solid State Chemistry 162 69-78		2001	synthetic	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Kalungaite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Foecker A J'
'Jeitschko W'
_journal_name_full 'Journal of Solid State Chemistry'
_journal_volume 162 
_journal_year 2001
_journal_page_first 69
_journal_page_last 78
_publ_section_title
;
 The atomic order of the pnictogen and chalcogen atoms in equiatomic ternary
 compounds TPnCh (T = Ni, Pd; Pn = P, As, Sb; Ch = S, Se, Te)
;
_database_code_amcsd 0014013
_chemical_compound_source 'Synthetic'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Pd As Se'
_cell_length_a 6.0948
_cell_length_b 6.0948
_cell_length_c 6.0948
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 90
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 226.401
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      7.637
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P 21 3'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2-z,-x,1/2+y'
  '-z,1/2+x,1/2-y'
  '1/2+z,1/2-x,-y'
  'z,x,y'
  '1/2+y,1/2-z,-x'
  '1/2-y,-z,1/2+x'
  '-y,1/2+z,1/2-x'
  'y,z,x'
  '-x,1/2+y,1/2-z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,-y,1/2+z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv
Pd   0.99390   0.99390   0.99390   0.00678
As   0.61403   0.61403   0.61403   0.00610
Se   0.38380   0.38380   0.38380   0.00870
loop_
_atom_site_aniso_label
_atom_site_aniso_U_11
_atom_site_aniso_U_22
_atom_site_aniso_U_33
_atom_site_aniso_U_12
_atom_site_aniso_U_13
_atom_site_aniso_U_23
Pd 0.00678 0.00678 0.00678 -0.00006 -0.00006 -0.00006
As 0.00610 0.00610 0.00610 0.00050 0.00050 0.00050
Se 0.00870 0.00870 0.00870 0.00080 0.00080 0.00080

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.027 Å	(75)
1.838 Å	(100)
1.172 Å	(95)
1.077 Å	(80)
0.988 Å	(70)
0.929 Å	(90)
0.918 Å	(70)

Comments:

Format: d/Å (I/%) (hkl), data from type description

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Type Occurrence of KalungaiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Buraco do Ouro mine, Cavalcante, Goiás, Brazil

General Appearance of Type Material:

platy anhedral aggregates, up to 0.2 mm across

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Cotype sample (polished section CAV1B) at The Natural History Museum in London (BM2004,35).

Geological Setting of Type Material:

foliation planes of a quartz-muscovite mylonite, related to a peraluminous granite

Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Stibiopalladinite	Sperrylite	Padmaite	Guanajuatite	Gold
Clausthalite	Chalcopyrite	Bohdanowiczite

Reference:

Download:

http://rruff.info/rruff_1.0/uploads/MM70_123.pdf

Synonyms of KalungaiteHide

IMA2004-047

Other Language Names for KalungaiteHide

Russian:Калунгаит

Simplified Chinese:硒砷钯矿

Traditional Chinese:硒砷鈀礦

Relationship of Kalungaite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Cobaltite Group

Other Members of this group:

Andrieslombaardite	RhSbS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
Changchengite	IrBiS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
Cobaltite	CoAsS	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
Gersdorffite	NiAsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
Hollingworthite	(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
Irarsite	(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
Jolliffeite	NiAsSe	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
Maslovite	PtBiTe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
Mayingite	IrBiTe	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
Michenerite	PdBiTe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
Milotaite	PdSbSe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
Padmaite	PdBiSe	Iso. 4 3 2
Platarsite	Pt(As,S)₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
Testibiopalladite	PdSbTe	Iso.
Tolovkite	IrSbS	Iso.
Ullmannite	NiSbS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
UM1991-19-Se:AsCo	(Co,Ni)AsSe	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pm3
Willyamite	CoSbS

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

1 photo of Kalungaite associated with Gold	Au
1 photo of Kalungaite associated with Guanajuatite	Bi₂Se₃

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.EB.	Iridarsenite	(Ir,Ru)As₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.EB.	Selenolaurite	RuSe₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.	Andrieslombaardite	RhSbS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.	Kanatzidisite	(SbBiS₃)₂Te₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.EB.05a	Aurostibite	AuSb₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05b	Bambollaite	Cu(Se,Te)₂	Tet.
2.EB.05a	Cattierite	CoS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Erlichmanite	OsS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Fukuchilite	Cu₃FeS₈	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Geversite	PtSb₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Hauerite	MnS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Insizwaite	Pt(Bi,Sb)₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Krut'aite	CuSe₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Laurite	RuS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Penroseite	(Ni,Co,Cu)Se₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Pyrite	FeS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Sperrylite	PtAs₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Trogtalite	CoSe₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Vaesite	NiS₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Villamanínite	(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S₂	Tric.
2.EB.05a	Dzharkenite	FeSe₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a	Gaotaiite	Ir₃Te₈	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.05a v	Cayeuxite
2.EB.10b	Alloclasite	Co_1-xFe_xAsS	Mon. 2 : P2₁
2.EB.10d	Costibite	CoSbS	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.EB.10a	Ferroselite	FeSe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Frohbergite	FeTe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10c	Glaucodot	(Co_0.50Fe_0.50)AsS	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.EB.10a	Kullerudite	NiSe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Marcasite	FeS₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10a	Mattagamite	CoTe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.10e	Paracostibite	CoSbS	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10e	Pararammelsbergite	NiAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
2.EB.10f	Oenite	CoSbAs	Orth.
2.EB.10a	Petříčekite	CuSe₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Anduoite	(Ru,Os)As₂	Orth.
2.EB.15a	Clinosafflorite	CoAs₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.EB.15a	Löllingite	FeAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Nisbite	NiSb₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Omeiite	(Os,Ru)As₂	Orth.
2.EB.15c	Paxite	CuAs₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.EB.15a	Rammelsbergite	NiAs₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15a	Safflorite	(Co,Ni,Fe)As₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnnm
2.EB.15b	Seinäjokite	(Fe,Ni)(Sb,As)₂	Orth.
2.EB.20	Arsenopyrite	FeAsS	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.EB.20	Gudmundite	FeSbS	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.EB.20	Osarsite	(Os,Ru)AsS	Mon.
2.EB.20	Ruarsite	(Ru,Os)AsS	Mon.
2.EB.25 va	Antimony-bearing Gersdorffite	Ni(As,Sb)S
2.EB.25	Cobaltite	CoAsS	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
2.EB.25	Gersdorffite	NiAsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Hollingworthite	(Rh,Pt,Pd)AsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Irarsite	(Ir,Ru,Rh,Pt)AsS	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Jolliffeite	NiAsSe	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Krutovite	NiAs₂	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Maslovite	PtBiTe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Michenerite	PdBiTe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Padmaite	PdBiSe	Iso. 4 3 2
2.EB.25	Platarsite	Pt(As,S)₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Testibiopalladite	PdSbTe	Iso.
2.EB.25	Tolovkite	IrSbS	Iso.
2.EB.25	Ullmannite	NiSbS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Willyamite	CoSbS
2.EB.25	Changchengite	IrBiS	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Mayingite	IrBiTe	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Milotaite	PdSbSe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.25	Paragersdorffite	Ni(As,S)₂	Iso. m3 (2/m 3) : Pa3
2.EB.25	Orthogersdorffite	NiAsS	Orth. mm2 : Pca2₁
2.EB.25	Kvačekite	NiSbSe	Iso. 2 3 : P2₁ 3
2.EB.30	Urvantsevite	Pd(Bi,Pb)₂	Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : I4/mmm
2.EB.35	Rheniite	ReS₂	Tric. 1 : P1

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KalungaiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-27492.html
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External Links:

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for KalungaiteHide

Reference List:

Foecker, A.J. and Jeitschko, W. (2001) The atomic order of the pnicogen and chalcogen atoms in equiatomic ternary compounds TPnCh (T=Ni, Pd; Pn=P, As, Sb; Ch=S, Se, Te). Journal of Solid State Chemistry: 162: 69-78.

Piilonen, P.C., Rowe, R., Ercit, T.S., Locock, A.J. (2006) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 91: 1452-1457.

(2023) Kalungaite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for KalungaiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.

Brazil (TL)

Goiás

Cavalcante

ⓘ Buraco do Ouro mine (TL)

Menez +2 other references

Kalungaite

About KalungaiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of KalungaiteHide