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Silver Gill, Roughton Gill, Caldbeck, Allerdale, Cumbria, England, UKi
Regional Level Types
Silver Gill- not defined -
Roughton GillGroup of Mines (Abandoned)
CaldbeckCivil Parish
AllerdaleDistrict
CumbriaCounty
EnglandConstituent Country
UKCountry
Silver Gill, Roughton Gill, Caldbeck Fells Mining Region, Cumbria, England, UK

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
54° 41' 48'' North , 3° 5' 16'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
54.69667,-3.08778
GeoHash:
G#: gctz1tpx1
GRN:
N37W02
UK National Grid Reference:
NY299341
Köppen climate type:
Cfb : Temperate oceanic climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Caldbeck311 (2018)6.2km
Bassenthwaite412 (2018)7.2km
Keswick4,281 (2018)11.2km
Portinscale560 (2018)11.7km
Braithwaite342 (2018)12.4km
Mindat Locality ID:
1447
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:1447:5
GUID (UUID V4):
a0c0e1c9-0b68-47fd-976e-edbf689cb03a
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
North and Western Region; Cumberland


The earliest known reference to the ancient mines in Silver Gill, Caldbeck, may be the order of Edward III in 1331 concerning Robert de Barton, "whom the King has appointed...keeper of a mine of silver and lead in the parts of Minerdale and Silverbeck Co. Cumb." (quoted by Raistrick and Jennings, 1965).

The Silver Gill vein is a Pb-Zn-Cu-bearing quartz vein. The mineralisation is thought to be early Carboniferous in age.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


43 valid minerals. 1 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
Description: From the 'Golden Hugh' as small transparent tablets with a rhombic outline; occasionally seen altered to leadhillite (D. Middleton Collection). As small colourless prisms in altered sulphides with linarite from an old ore pile at [NY29953415].
ⓘ Aurichalcite
Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Description: small transparent blades of baryte from the upper workings. The crystals occur with malachite on goethite encrusted quartz.
ⓘ Bechererite
Formula: Zn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
ⓘ Beudantite
Formula: PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘ 'Bindheimite'
Formula: Pb2Sb2O6O
ⓘ Brochantite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Habit: minute rounded scales (< 1mm); fibrous sprays apparently altering from langite (D.I. Green pers. comm.)
Description: Identified by XRD at Leeds University (Cooper & Stanley, 1990).
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Caledonite
Formula: Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Habit: radiating bunches of minute, acicular crystals on decomposing sulphides.
Description: From the 'Golden Hugh', probably of post-mining formation (D.R. Middleton, pers. comm.)
ⓘ Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
Habit: striated prisms
Description: Cooper & Stanley (1990): "Found in the 'Golden Hugh' as small attractive striated prisms with acicular malachite in small cavities in quartz."
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘ Cinnabar
Formula: HgS
ⓘ Connellite
Formula: Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
ⓘ Copper
Formula: Cu
ⓘ Covellite
Formula: CuS
Description: 'Outside the lowest level at 1500ft [450m]' (Hartley, 1984).
ⓘ Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
Description: As thin strings in masses of altered sulphides from an old ore pile at [NY29953415] (det. M. Rothwell: EPMA, pers. comm.).
ⓘ Fraipontite
Formula: (Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
Description: From the level at c. 450m (1500ft) and from the head of the gill, the so-called "Golden Hugh".
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ Hemimorphite
Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Description: From the 'lowest level at 1500ft [450m]' (Hartley, 1984).
ⓘ Hydrocerussite
Formula: Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘ Hydrozincite
Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Lanarkite
Formula: Pb2(SO4)O
ⓘ Langite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Habit: pseudohexagonal
Description: Cooper & Stanley (1990): "Locally common as pseudo-hexagonal crystals to 0.25mm on altered sulphides from an old ore pile at [NY29952415]. Probably dump-formed (det. Leeds Univ.: XRD, D.I. Green, pers. comm.)."
ⓘ Leadhillite
Formula: Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘ Linarite
Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Description: Cooper & Stanley (1990): "In small amounts from the 'lowest level at 1500ft [450m]' (Hartley, 1984); also as crusts of minute crystals on altered sulphides from the 'Golden Hugh' where it appears to still be forming on the mine walls."
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Habit: acicular
Description: Cooper & Stanley (1990): "In 'traces' from an unspecified locality (Davidson & Thomson, 1951). As pretty acicular crystals with cerussite from the 'Golden Hugh' (D.R. Middleton, pers. comm.)."
ⓘ Mimetite
Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl
ⓘ Posnjakite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
Habit: blocky
Colour: turquoise blue
Description: Cooper & Stanley (1990): "Rarely, as blocky turquoise blue crystals (< 0.2mm) on altered sulphides in an old ore pile on the west bank of the gill [NY29953415] (det. BM(NH): XRD on a specimen submitted by B. Young, 1988). Linarite, langite, and wroewolfeite also occur in this assemblage and all are probably the result of dump oxidation."
ⓘ 'Psilomelane'
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Description: From the 'lowest level at 1500ft [450m]' (Hartley, 1984) and the 'Golden Hugh' (D.R. Hacker Collection).
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Ramsbeckite
Formula: (Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
ⓘ Redgillite (TL)
Formula: Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O
Type Locality:
Habit: crystalline crusts
Description: Cooper & Stanley (1990): an 'unknown copper sulphate' on oxidized sulphides from the 'Golden Hugh' (D.R. Middleton Collection, det. BM(NH): XRD, 1987) and in an old ore pile on the west bank of the gill [NY29953415] (D.I. Green, pers. comm.)
ⓘ Rosasite ?
Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Description: Kingsbury reference. Kingsbury and Hartley (1957): "[In the] Middle level, on north [Silver Gill] vein."
ⓘ Schulenbergite
Formula: (Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
ⓘ Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
Description: Cooper & Stanley (1990): "From 'the level at 1500ft' [450m] (Hartley, 1984). Young (1987) lists smithsonite with rosasite on a BM(NH) specimen from the same site."
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ Sulphur
Formula: S8
ⓘ Susannite
Formula: Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘ Wroewolfeite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Habit: blades up to 0.5mm
Colour: deep blue
Description: Cooper & Stanley (1990): Specimen in the D.I. Green collection, identified by the collector at Leeds University (XRD, 1988). Almost certainly dump-formed. From an old ore pile in the west bank of the gill [NY29953415].
ⓘ Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)
Habit: square plates to 1mm
Colour: yellow to orange
Description: From an old ore pile found on the west bank of the gill [NY29953415] in 1988 (P. Braithwaite & N Hubbard Collections, det. BM(NH): XRD, 1989).

Gallery:

PbCu(SO4)(OH)2ⓘ Linarite

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘCopper1.AA.05Cu
ⓘSulphur1.CC.05S8
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘCovellite2.CA.05aCuS
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘCinnabar2.CD.15aHgS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘConnellite3.DA.25Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘCuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘ'Bindheimite'4.DH.20Pb2Sb2O6O
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘSmithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
ⓘCerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
ⓘRosasite ?5.BA.10(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘHydrozincite5.BA.15Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
ⓘAurichalcite5.BA.15(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
ⓘHydrocerussite5.BE.10Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘLeadhillite5.BF.40Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘSusannite5.BF.40Pb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAnglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘBrochantite7.BB.25Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘCaledonite7.BC.50Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
ⓘLinarite7.BC.65PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘLanarkite7.BD.40Pb2(SO4)O
ⓘWroewolfeite7.DD.10Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘPosnjakite7.DD.10Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
ⓘLangite7.DD.10Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘBechererite7.DD.55Zn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
ⓘRamsbeckite7.DD.60(Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
ⓘRedgillite (TL)7.DD.70Cu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O
ⓘSchulenbergite7.DD.80(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
ⓘWulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘBeudantite8.BL.05PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘPyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘMimetite8.BN.05Pb5(AsO4)3Cl
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘHemimorphite9.BD.10Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘFraipontite9.ED.15(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
ⓘChrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Unclassified
ⓘ'Psilomelane'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Hⓘ BechereriteZn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
Hⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Hⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Hⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Hⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Hⓘ HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Hⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ LangiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ PosnjakiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
Hⓘ Ramsbeckite(Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
Hⓘ Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ Schulenbergite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
Hⓘ SusannitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ WroewolfeiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ RedgilliteCu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O
CCarbon
Cⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Cⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Cⓘ HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Cⓘ SusannitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
OOxygen
Oⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Oⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ BechereriteZn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
Oⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ BindheimitePb2Sb2O6O
Oⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Oⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Oⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Oⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Oⓘ CupriteCu2O
Oⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Oⓘ HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
Oⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Oⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ LanarkitePb2(SO4)O
Oⓘ LangiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
Oⓘ PosnjakiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
Oⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Ramsbeckite(Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
Oⓘ Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ Schulenbergite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
Oⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Oⓘ SusannitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ WroewolfeiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Oⓘ RedgilliteCu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O
AlAluminium
Alⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Alⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
SiSilicon
Siⓘ BechereriteZn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
Siⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Siⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
SSulfur
Sⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ BechereriteZn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
Sⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ CinnabarHgS
Sⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Sⓘ CovelliteCuS
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ LanarkitePb2(SO4)O
Sⓘ LangiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Sⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Sⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Sⓘ PosnjakiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ Ramsbeckite(Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
Sⓘ Schulenbergite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ SulphurS8
Sⓘ SusannitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Sⓘ WroewolfeiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Sⓘ RedgilliteCu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O
ClChlorine
Clⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Clⓘ MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
Clⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
KPotassium
Kⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
CaCalcium
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
FeIron
Feⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
CuCopper
Cuⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cuⓘ BechereriteZn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
Cuⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Cuⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cuⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Cuⓘ CovelliteCuS
Cuⓘ CupriteCu2O
Cuⓘ CopperCu
Cuⓘ LangiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Cuⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuⓘ PosnjakiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · H2O
Cuⓘ Ramsbeckite(Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
Cuⓘ Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuⓘ Schulenbergite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
Cuⓘ WroewolfeiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Cuⓘ RedgilliteCu6(SO4)(OH)10 · H2O
ZnZinc
Znⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Znⓘ BechereriteZn7Cu(OH)13[(SiO(OH)3(SO4)]
Znⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Znⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Znⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Znⓘ Ramsbeckite(Cu,Zn)15(SO4)4(OH)22 · 6H2O
Znⓘ Rosasite(Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2
Znⓘ Schulenbergite(Cu,Zn)7(SO4)2(OH)10 · 3H2O
Znⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Asⓘ MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ BindheimitePb2Sb2O6O
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
HgMercury
Hgⓘ CinnabarHgS
PbLead
Pbⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Pbⓘ BindheimitePb2Sb2O6O
Pbⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Pbⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ HydrocerussitePb3(CO3)2(OH)2
Pbⓘ LanarkitePb2(SO4)O
Pbⓘ LeadhillitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Pbⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Pbⓘ MimetitePb5(AsO4)3Cl
Pbⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Pbⓘ SusannitePb4(CO3)2(SO4)(OH)2
Pbⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

British and Irish IslesGroup of Islands
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
EuropeContinent
UK

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Parson, W. and White, W. (1829) History, directory, and gazeteer of the counties of Cumberland and Westmorland... xxxiv, 732 pp. [facsimile reprint by Michael Moon, Beckermet, Cumbria, 1976].
Dean, A. (1852) The Roughtengill silver lead mines, Caldbeck, Cumberland. Report. [Printed in a prospectus of the Roughtengill Silver Lead and Copper Mining Co.]. Druid's Inn collection (package no. 57), National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth, 2 pp.
Greg, Robert Philips, Lettsom, William G. (1858) Manual of the Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland. John Van Voorst, London.
Davidson, W.F. and Thomson, N. (1951) Some notes on the minerals of Westmorland and Cumberland. North West Naturalist, 23 (for 1948), 136-154.
Kingsbury, Arthur W. G., Hartley, J. (1957) New occurrences of rosasite in Britain. Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of the Mineralogical Society, 31 (237). 501-502 doi:10.1180/minmag.1957.031.237.14
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Hartley, J. (1984) A list of minerals associated with the ore deposits of the Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria. Transactions of the Leeds Geological Association, 10 (3) 22-39
Young, B. (1987) Glossary of the minerals of the Lake District and adjoining areas. British Geological Survey, Newcastle upon Tyne. 104pp.
Cooper, M. P., Stanley, C. J. (1990) Minerals of the English Lake District - Caldbeck Fells. The Natural History Museum, London.
Stanley, Christopher J., Cooper, Michael P. (1991) Famous Mineral Localities: Pyromorphite-Group Minerals from the Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria, England. The Mineralogical Record, 22 (2) 105-121
Jecock, M., Dunn, C., and Lax, A. (2001) Roughton Gill Mine and Silver Gill Mine, Cumbria. Archaeological Investigations Reports Series, AI/8/2001.
Green, D.I., Bridges, T.F., Cooper, M.P., Thomson, N. (2005) A review of the supergene mineralisation at Silver Gill, Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria. Journal of the Russell Society, 8 (2) 85-97
Pluth, J. J., Steele, I. M., Kampf, A. R., Green, D. I. (2005) Redgillite, Cu6(OH)10(SO4)·H2O, a new mineral from Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria, England: description and crystal structure. Mineralogical Magazine, 69 (6) 973-980 doi:10.1180/0026461056960302
Green, D.I., Bridges, T.F., Rumsey, M.S., Leppington, C.M., Tindle, A.G. (2008) A review of the mineralogy of the Roughton Gill Mines, Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria: Part 2 The Roughton Gill South Vein on Balliway Rigg. Journal of the Russell Society, 11. 3-28
Bridges, T.F., Green, D.I., Rumsey, M.S., Leppington, C.M. (2008) A review of the mineralisation at Red Gill Mine, Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria, England. Journal of the Russell Society, 11. 29-47
Bridges, T.F., Green, D.I. (2008) Baryte formation in supergene environments in the Caldbeck Fells, Cumbria. Journal of the Russell Society, 11. 48-50
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