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Spatula

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Description

A spatula is a broad, flat, flexible blade used to mix, spread and lift material including foods, drugs, plaster and paints.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatula, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4850990	https://www.gbif.org/species/4850990
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	335559	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=335559

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Anatidae : Spatula

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

doubtful

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
-	Maniraptora	Gauthier 1986
-	Paraves	Sereno 1997
class	Aves	Linnaeus 1758
-	Pygostylia	Chiappe 2002
-	Ornithothoraces	Chiappe and Calvo 1994
-	Ornithuromorpha	Chiappe et al. 1999
subclass	Ornithurae	Haeckel 1866
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
-	Neognathae
-	Galloanserae	Sibley and Ahlquist 1990
superorder	Galloanserimorphae
order	Anseriformes	Wagler 1831
family	Anatidae	Vigors 1825
genus	Spatula	Boie 1822

Scientific Name

Spatula Boie, 1822

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Spatula	genus	belongs to Anseres	stated without evidence	Shufeldt, 1891
Spatula	genus	belongs to Anatidae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Spatula	genus	belongs to Anatidae	stated with evidence	Clements et al., 2017

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

7 (100%)

First Recorded Appearance

5.33 - 3.60 Ma
Neogene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

herbivore (based on Anseriformes)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. W. Shufeldt. 1891. Fossil birds from the Equus Beds of Oregon. American Naturalist 25:818-821

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatula

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Anas clypeata species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Northern Shoveler	32	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Spatula cyanoptera species	listed (PBDB)	Cinnamon Teal	4	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Anas discors species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Blue-winged Teal	16	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Spatula hottentota species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Spatula platalea species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Red Shoveler	2	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Spatula puna species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Spatula querquedula species	listed (PBDB)	Garganey	10	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Spatula rhynchotis species	listed (PBDB)	Australian Shoveler	1	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Spatula smithii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Spatula versicolor species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1822	Spatula Boie
1891	Spatula Shufeldt p. 819
1902	Spatula Hay p. 529
2017	Spatula Clements et al.

References

Shufeldt R. W. Fossil birds from the Equus Beds of Oregon, American Naturalist 25, 818-821

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017

Isis (Oken), 1822 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

refer synonym source - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

same as current name - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Taxonomikommittén, BirdLife Sverige (2018) Förändringar i Tk:s lista. Rapport 9 från Taxonomikommittén. Available online at www.birdlife.se/tk - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Dickinson, J.V. (eds.) (2014) The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, vol 1, Non-passerines, fourth edition, pp, 461 - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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