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Osteichthyes

Photos

Photo Gallery

Dimetrodon sp.

Tillman County, Oklahoma, USA

Dimetrodon sp.

Waurika West [1], Jefferson County, Oklahoma, USA

Dimetrodon sp.

Waurika West [1], Jefferson County, Oklahoma, USA

Dimetrodon sp.

Tillman County, Oklahoma, USA

Dimetrodon sp.

Waurika West [1], Jefferson County, Oklahoma, USA

Dimetrodon sp.

Waurika West [1], Jefferson County, Oklahoma, USA

Dimetrodon sp.

Tillman County, Oklahoma, USA

Dimetrodon sp.

Waurika West [1], Jefferson County, Oklahoma, USA

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	34881	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=34881

Rank

unranked clade (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
class	Osteichthyes

Common Name

bony fish

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Osteichthyes	class	belongs to Vertebrata	stated with evidence	Huxley, 1880
Osteichthyes	class	belongs to Vertebrata	stated without evidence	Gunnell, 1933
Osteichthyes	class	belongs to Gnathostomata	stated with evidence	Gardiner, 1982
Osteichthyes	class	belongs to Vertebrata	stated without evidence	Shoshani et al., 1989
Osteichthyes	class	belongs to Gnathostomata	stated without evidence	Dineley and Metcalf, 1999
Osteichthyes	class	belongs to Chordata	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Osteichthyes	class	belongs to Gnathostomata	stated with evidence	Meyer and Zardoya, 2003
Osteichthyes	class	belongs to Gnathostomata	stated without evidence	Johanson et al., 2007
Osteichthyes	unranked clade	belongs to Gnathostomata	stated with evidence	Long, 2011

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

55,137

Extant Size (PBDB)

11,887 (22%)

First Recorded Appearance

443 - 439 Ma
Silurian

Environment

marine (based on Vertebrata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

T. H. Huxley. 1880. On the application of the laws of evolution to the arrangement of the Vertebrata, and more particularly of the Mammalia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 43:649-662

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Actinopterygii class	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Ray-finned Fish	13,131	388 Ma Middle Devonian	0 Ma Extant
Hypostomata class	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Malacostomata class	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Teleostomata class	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Aspidoganoidei ✝ subclass	listed (PBDB)
Azygostei ✝ subclass	listed (PBDB)
Dipneusta subclass	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Placodermi subclass	listed (PBDB)	Armour-plated Fish	91	427 Ma Silurian	0 Ma Extant
Cephaloxeniformes ✝ order	listed (PBDB)
Dipteriformes order	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Ganoidei order	listed (PBDB)		8	272 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Iniomi order	listed (PBDB)		4	269 Ma Permian	0 Ma Extant
Coregonidae family	listed (PBDB)		5	48.6 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Andreolepis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		5	427 Ma Silurian	421 Ma Silurian
Argentinoideorum ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Charitosaurus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Crenilepis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		2	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Cyclotomodon ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Lepidoleprus genus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Lophosteus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	423 Ma Silurian	423 Ma Silurian
Merlangius genus	listed (PBDB)		1	28.1 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Nothosoma ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Otolithopsis ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Percidarum ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		9	47.8 Ma Eocene	19.0 Ma Miocene
Preophiodon genus	listed (PBDB)
Ptilichnus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		4	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Rhytiodus genus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Tythonichthys genus	listed (PBDB)		1	38.0 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Acanthodii ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	Spiny Fish	55	426 Ma Silurian	260 Ma Permian
Actinopterygii unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	Ray-finned Fish	141	388 Ma Middle Devonian	0 Ma Extant
Sarcopterygii class	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Lobe-finned Fish	183,495	443 Ma Silurian	0 Ma Extant
Teleostomi unranked clade	listed (PBDB)		44	409 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1758	Pisces Linnaeus p. 12
1866	Pisces Haeckel p. CXXI
1880	Osteichthyes Huxley p. 662
1898	Pisces Gadow p. 5
1899	Pattonia Peach p. 115
1899	Pattonia couttsi Peach p. 115 figs. Pl 4, figs 1-1e
1902	Pisces Hay p. 338
1904	Pisces Eastman p. 74
1911	Pisces Jaekel pp. 17, 25
1933	Osteichthyes Gunnell

Year	Name and Author
1969	Pattonia Hoffman p. 578
1981	Osteichthyes Thurmond and Jones p. 79
1982	Osteichthyes Gardiner p. 228
1989	Osteichthyes Shoshani et al. p. 435
1999	Osteichthyes Dineley and Metcalf p. 11
2002	Osteichthyes Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Osteichthyes Meyer and Zardoya
2007	Osteichthyes Johanson et al.
2011	Osteichthyes Long p. 242

References

Huxley T. H. On the application of the laws of evolution to the arrangement of the Vertebrata, and more particularly of the Mammalia, Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 43, 649-662

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1, 1-824 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542

Haeckel E. , Generelle Morphologie der Organismen, Allgemeine Grundzuge der Organischen Formen-Wissenschaft, Mechanisch Begründet Durch die von Charles Darwin Reformirte Descendez-Theorie. Verlag von Georg Reimer, Berlin, CLX-462

Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82

Peach B. N. On some new myriapods from the Palaeozoic rocks of Scotland, Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society of Edinburgh 14, 113-126

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Eastman C. R. (1904) Systematic Paleontology: Pisces, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene, Text, 71-93

Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252

Gunnell F. H. (1933) Conodonts and fish remains from the Cherokee, Kansas City, and Wabaunsee Groups of Missouri and Kansas, Journal of Paleontology 7 3, 261-297

Hoffman R. L. (1969) Myriapoda, exclusive of Insecta, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part 4, Arthropoda 4 2, 572-606

Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244

Shoshani J., Fisher D. C., et al (1989) The Shelton Mastodon Site: Multidisciplinary study of a late Pleistocene (Twocreekan) locality in Southeastern Michigan, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27 14, 393-436

Dineley D., Metcalf S. (1999) Chapter 1. British fossil fish and amphibian sites, Fossil Fishes of Great Britain, 1-29

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Meyer A., Zardoya R. (2003) Recent advances in the (molecular) phylogeny of vertebrates, Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 34, 311-338

Johanson Z., Long J. A., et al (2007) New onychodontiform (Osteichthyes; Sarcopterygii) from the Lower Devonian of Victoria, Australia, Journal of Paleontology 81 5, 1031-1053

Long J. A. (2011) , The Rise of Fishes: 500 Million Years of Evolution (Second Edition), 1-287

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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