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Archosauria

Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)38215https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38215
Rankunranked clade (PBDB)
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Archosauria
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
orderArchosauria
Common Namearchosaur
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Archosauriaorderbelongs to Reptiliastated with evidenceCope, 1870
Archosauriaorderbelongs to Reptiliastated without evidenceLydekker, 1888
Archosauriasubclasssubjective synonym of Hyperosauriastated without evidenceJaekel, 1911
Archosauriaorderbelongs to Diapsidastated without evidenceRoxo, 1937
Archosauriaorderbelongs to Diapsidastated with evidenceOlson, 1947
Archosauriasubclassbelongs to Reptiliastated without evidenceHaughton and Brink, 1954
Archosauriainfraclassbelongs to Diapsidastated without evidenceOlson, 1966
Archosauriasuperorderbelongs to Diapsidastated with evidenceKuhn, 1966
Archosauriasubclassbelongs to Amniotastated with evidenceBakker and Galton, 1974
Archosauriasubclassbelongs to Reptiliastated without evidenceThulborn, 1975
Archosauriaunranked cladebelongs to Thecodontiastated with evidenceGardiner, 1982
Archosauriaorderbelongs to Archosauromorphastated with evidenceBenton, 1985
Archosauriaclassbelongs to Diapsidastated without evidenceBakker, 1986
Archosauriaorderbelongs to ArchosauromorphaimpliedCarroll, 1988
Archosauriaunranked cladebelongs to Archosauriformesstated without evidenceGauthier et al., 1989
Archosauriaorderbelongs to Archosauromorphastated with evidenceBenton, 1990
Archosauriaorderbelongs to Archosauriformesstated without evidenceSereno, 1991
Archosauriainfraclassbelongs to Diapsidastated without evidenceOlshevsky, 1992
Archosauriaunranked cladebelongs to Archosauriformesstated without evidenceParrish, 1993
Archosauriaunranked cladebelongs to Archosauriformesstated with evidenceLong and Murry, 1995
Archosauriasubclassbelongs to Reptiliastated without evidenceThies et al., 1997
Archosauriaorderbelongs to Archosauromorphastated without evidencePeng et al., 2001
Archosauriaunranked cladebelongs to Archosauriformesstated with evidenceSenter, 2004
Archosauriaunranked cladebelongs to Crurotarsistated with evidenceNesbitt, 2011
Archosauriaunranked cladebelongs to Archosauriformesstated without evidenceNesbitt et al., 2014
Archosauriaunranked cladebelongs to Eucrocopodastated with evidenceEzcurra, 2016
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)11,478
Extant Size (PBDB)3,126 (27%)
First Recorded Appearance252 - 247 Ma
Phanerozoic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Diapsida)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)E. D. Cope. 1869. Synopsis of the Extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America. Part I. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 14:1-104

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Theropodomorpha
superorder
listed (PBDB)2228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
0 Ma
Extant
Caenagnathiformes
order
listed (PBDB)
Thecodontia
order
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
194252 Ma
Permian
0 Ma
Extant
Longisquamidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Sikannisuchus
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Smok
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Avemetatarsalia
informal
listed (PBDB)30,024247 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic
0 Ma
Extant
Neoarchosauria
unranked clade
listed (PBDB)0 Ma
Extant
Pseudosuchia
unranked clade
listed (PBDB)5,967252 Ma
Permian
0 Ma
Extant

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1869Archosauria Cope p. 30
1870Archosauria Cope p. 28
1888Archosauria Lydekker p. 1
1898Picrodon Seeley
1898Picrodon herveyi Seeley
1926Megalosaurus terquemi Huene p. 80
1932Avipes Huene p. 47
1932Avipes dillstedtianus Huene p. 47 figs. Pl. 1, fig. 7
1937Archosauria Roxo p. 44
1938Avipes dillstedtianus Schmidt p. 73
1947Archosauria Olson pp. 44, 45
1952Avipes dillstedtianus Lang and Huene p. 34
1954Archosauria Haughton and Brink p. 4
1956Avipes Romer p. 611
1959Palaeosauriscus Kuhn p. 425
1963Archosauria Parsch p. 4
1964Palaeosauriscus Kuhn p. 325
1964Avipes Tatarinov p. 530
1964Palaeosauriscus Tatarinov p. 535
1965Strigosuchus Simmons p. 31
1965Strigosuchus licinus Simmons p. 31 fig. 8
1966Archosauria Kuhn p. 69
1966Archosauria Olson p. 301
1966Avipes Romer p. 369
1966Palaeosauriscus Romer p. 370
1967Gresslyosaurus terquemi Lapparent p. 10
1970Palaeosauriscus Colbert p. 26
1970Palaeosauriscus Ellenberger p. 348
1970Avipes Steel p. 10
1970Avipes dillstedtianus Steel p. 10
1970Palaeosauriscus Steel p. 25
1970Picrodon Steel p. 26
1970Picrodon herveyi Steel p. 26
1970Megalosaurus terquemi Steel p. 35
1971Avipes Kuhn p. 16
YearName and Author
1971Avipes dillstedtianus Kuhn p. 16
1971Palaeosauricus Kuhn p. 16
1974Archosauria Bakker and Galton p. 171
1975Archosauria Thulborn p. 267
1978Avipes Anderson and Cruickshank p. 31
1981Archosauria Thurmond and Jones p. 142
1982Archosauria Gardiner p. 229
1984Avipes Welles p. 156
1985Archosauria Benton p. 154
1986Archosauria Bakker p. 472
1986Avipes Battail p. 47
1986Picrodon Battail p. 48
1987Agrestipus Weems p. 13 figs. 4, Pl. 1F, 2B, E
1987Agrestipus hottoni Weems p. 13 figs. 4, Pl. 1F, 2B, E
1988Archosauria Carroll
1988Avipes Carroll
1988Strigosuchus Carroll
1989Archosauria Gauthier et al. p. 345
1990Archosauria Benton p. 15
1991Archosauria Sereno p. 39 fig. 26
1992Archosauria Olshevsky
1993Archosauria Parrish p. 290 fig. 1
1995Archosauria Long and Murry
1995Parrishia Long and Murry p. 164
1995Parrishia mccreai Long and Murry p. 167 figs. 174-175
1997Archosauria Thies et al.
1999Avesuchia Benton
2001Archosauria Peng et al. p. 32
2004Archosauria Senter p. 260
2006Agrestipus Weishampel pp. 133-134
2006Agrestipus hottoni Weishampel pp. 133-134
2007Gresslyosaurus terquemi Gand et al. p. 74
2011Archosauria Nesbitt p. 193 fig. 51
2014Archosauria Nesbitt et al.
2016Archosauria Ezcurra

References

Cope E. D. , Synopsis of the Extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America. Part I. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 14, 1-104
Cope E. D. , Synopsis of the Extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America. Part II. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 14, 105-235
Lydekker R. , Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part I. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria. British Museum (Natural History), London, 1-309
Seeley H. G. On large terrestrial saurians from the Rhaetic Beds of Wedmore Hill, described as Avalonia sanfordi and Picrodon herveyi, Geological Magazine, decade 4 5, 1-6
Huene F. v. (1926) The carnivorous Saurischia in the Jura and Cretaceous formations, principally in Europe, Revista del Museo de La Plata 29, 35-167
Huene F. v. (1932) Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte [The fossil reptile order Saurischia, their development and history], Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie, serie 1 4 1-2, 1-361
Olson E. C. (1947) The Family Diadectidae and its Bearing on the Classification of Reptiles, Fieldiana: Geology 11 1, 1-53
Lang M., Huene F. v. (1952) , Die Saurier Thüringens nach Erhebungen ihres centralen Betreuters Dr. med. u. Dr. rer. nat. h. c. Hugo Rühle von Lilienstern† [The Dinosaurs of Thuringia after Surveys of Their Central Supervisor M.D. and Dr. Nat. Sci. Hugo Rühle von Lilienstern†], 1-42
Haughton S. H., Brink A. S. (1954) A bibliographical list of Reptilia from the Karroo Beds of South Africa, Palaeontologia Africana 2, 1-187
Romer A. S. (1956) , Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press, 1-772
Kuhn O. (1959) Ein neuer Microsaurier aus dem deutschen Rotliegenden [A new microsaur from the German Rotliegenden], Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatshefte 1959 9, 424-426
Kuhn O. (1964) Ungelöste Probleme der Stammesgeschichte der Amphibien und Reptilien [Unsolved problems of the phylogeny of amphibians and reptiles], Jahreshefte des Vereins für vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 118/119, 293-325
Tatarinov L. P. (1964) Nadotryad Dinosauria. Dinozavry [Superorder Dinosauria. Dinosaurs], Osnovy Paleontologii [Fundamentals of Paleontology] 12, 523-589
Simmons D. J. (1965) The non-therapsid reptiles of the Lufeng Basin, Yunnan, China, Fieldiana: Geology 15 1, 1-93
Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154
Olson E. C. (1966) Community evolution and the origin of mammals, Ecology 47 2, 291-302
Romer A. S. (1966) , Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd edition, 1-468
Lapparent A. F. d. (1967) Les dinosaures de France [The dinosaurs of France], Sciences 51, 4-19
Colbert E. H. (1970) A saurischian dinosaur from the Triassic of Brazil, American Museum Novitates 2405, 1-39
Ellenberger P. (1970) Les niveaux paléontologiques de première apparition des mammifères primoridaux en Afrique du Sud et leur ichnologie. Establissement de zones stratigraphiques detaillees dans le Stormberg du Lesotho (Afrique du Sud) (Trias Supérieur à Jurassique) [The paleontological levels of the first appearance of primordial mammals in southern Africa and their ichnology. Establishment of detailed stratigraphic zones in the Stormberg of Lesotho (southern Africa) (Upper Triassic to Jurassic)., In: S. H. Haughton (ed.), Second Symposium on Gondwana Stratigraphy and Paleontology, International Union of Geological Sciences. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 343-370
Steel R. (1970) Part 14. Saurischia, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1-87
Kuhn O. (1971) , Die Saurier der deutschen Trias [Reptiles of the German Triassic], 1-105
Thurmond J. T., Jones D. E. (1981) , Fossil Vertebrates of Alabama, 1-244
Welles S. P. (1984) Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda): osteology and comparisons, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 185, 85-180
Benton M. J. (1985) Classification and phylogeny of the diapsid reptiles, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 84 2, 97-164
Bakker R. T. (1986) , The Dinosaur Heresies. William Morrow and Company, Inc, New York, 1-481
Weems R. E. (1987) A Late Triassic footprint fauna from the Culpeper Basin, northern Virginia (U.S.A.), Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 77 1, 1-79
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Gauthier J. A., Cannatella D., et al (1989) Tetrapod phylogeny, In B. Fernholm, K. Bremer, & H. Jörnvall (eds.), The Hierarchy of Life. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam, 337-353
Benton M. J. (1990) Origin and interrelationships of dinosaurs, The Dinosauria, D. B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, & H. Osmólska (editors), University of California Press, Berkeley, 11-30
Sereno P. C. (1991) Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 2 11 4, suppl., 1-53
Parrish J. M. (1993) Phylogeny of the Crocodylotarsi, with reference to archosaurian and crurotarsan monophyly, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13 3, 287-308
Long R. A., Murry P. A. (1995) Late Triassic (Carnian and Norian) tetrapods from the southwestern United States, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 4, 1-254
Thies D., Windolf R., et al (1997) First record of Atoposauridae (Crocodylia: Metamesosuchia) in the Upper Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) of Northwest Germany, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 205 3, 393-411
Peng J., Russell A. P., et al (2001) Vertebrate microsite assemblages (exclusive of mammals) from the Foremost and Oldman Formations of the Judith River Group (Campanian) of southeastern Alberta: an illustrated guide, Provincial Museum of Alberta, Natural History Occasional Paper 25, 1-54
Senter P. (2004) Phylogeny of Drepanosauridae (Reptilia: Diapsida), Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 2 3, 257-268 doi:10.1017/S1477201904001427
Weishampel D. B. (2006) Another look at the dinosaurs of the East Coast of North America, III Jornadas Internacionales sobre Paleontología de Dinosaurios y su Entorno, Salas de los Infantes, Burgos, Spain. Colectivo Arqueológico-Paleontológico Salense Actas, 129-168
Gand G., Demathieu G., et al (2007) Les traces de pas d'amphibiens, de dinosaures et autres reptiles du Mesozoïque français: Inventaire et interpretations [Footprints of amphibians, dinosaurs, and other reptiles from the French Mesozoic: inventory and interpretations], Palaeovertebrata 2007 1–4, 1-149
Nesbitt S. J. (2011) The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 353, 1-292
Nesbitt S. J., Sidor C. A., et al (2014) A new archosaur from the Manda beds (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of southern Tanzania and its implications for character state optimizations at Archosauria and Pseudosuchia, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 34 6, 1357-1382 doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.859622
Ezcurra M. D. (2016) The phylogenetic relationships of basal archosauromorphs, with an emphasis on the systematics of proterosuchian archosauriforms, PeerJ 4, e1778
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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