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Columba livia

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Description

The rock dove, rock pigeon, or common pigeon (also ; Columba livia) is a member of the bird family Columbidae (doves and pigeons). In common usage, this bird is often simply referred to as the "pigeon".

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columba_livia, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2495414	https://www.gbif.org/species/2495414
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	94497	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=94497

Rank

species

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Columbiformes : Columbidae : Columba : Columba livia

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Columbiformes : Columbidae : Columba : Columba livia

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
-	Maniraptora	Gauthier 1986
-	Paraves	Sereno 1997
class	Aves	Linnaeus 1758
-	Pygostylia	Chiappe 2002
-	Ornithothoraces	Chiappe and Calvo 1994
-	Ornithuromorpha	Chiappe et al. 1999
subclass	Ornithurae	Haeckel 1866
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
-	Neognathae
-	Neoaves	Sibley et al. 1988
-	Terrestrornithes	Livezey and Zusi 2007
-	Dendrornithes
-	Anomalogonates	Garrod 1874
-	Coccyges	Huxley 1867
superorder	Psittacimorphae
order	Columbiformes	Latham 1790
family	Columbidae	Illiger 1811
genus	Columba	Linnaeus 1758
species	Columba livia	Gmelin 1789

Generic Name

Columba

Common Name

rock pigeon

Scientific Name

Columba livia Gmelin, 1789

Name Published In

Syst. Nat. 1 pt 2 p. 769

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Columba livia	species	belongs to Columba	stated without evidence	Gmelin, 1789
Columba livia	species	belongs to Columba	stated with evidence	Boule and De Villeneuve, 1927
Columba livia	species	belongs to Columba	stated without evidence	Alcover, 1989
Columba livia	species	belongs to Columba	stated with evidence	Bedetti and Pavia, 2007

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

1 (100%)

First Recorded Appearance

5.33 - 2.59 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Columbidae)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

frugivore, granivore (based on Columbidae)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

M. Salotti, S. Bailon, and M.-F. Bonifay, J.-Y. Courtois, J.-N. Dubois, J. Ferrandini, J.-C. La Milza, C. Mourer-Chauvire, J.-B. Popelard, Y. Quinif, A.-M. Real-Testud, C. Miniconi, E. Pereira, C. Persiani. 1997. Castiglione 3, un nouveau remplissage fosilifere d'age Pleistocene moyen dans le karst de la region d'Oletta (Haute-Corse). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Serie IIa 324:67-74

Common Name(s)

Pigeon Biset, Rock Dove, Rotsduif, Stadsduif, Felsentaube, Haustaube, Strassentaube, Tkhakapuyt Aghavni, Verwilderte Haustaube, Xixella, Agreste, B? Câu, Balandis, Bareski-golumbaika, Baresko-golumbo, Bjargdúfa, Bládúgva, Bládúva, Bydue, Bákteduvvá, Calman-creige, Calmane Creggey, Carrier Pigeon, Colm Aille, Colom Roquer, Colom Wyls, Colomba Salvaria, Colomen Ddôf, Colomen Y Graig, Colomp Salvadi, Colu'r Aille, Columba Da Chasa, Columba Selvadia, Columbu Agreste, Columbu Aresti, Columbu De Is Arrocas, Common Pigeon, Didu, Div Gulab, Divlji Golub, Dobato, Domaci Golob, Domestic Dove, Domestic Pigeon, Dubet, Dziwi Holb, Feral Pigeon, Feral Rock Pigeon, Golab Miejski¦golab Skalny, Golab Skalny, Golub Pecinar, Gradski Golub, Güvercin, Haitz-uso, Holub Domácí, Holub Skalní, Homing Pigeon, Húsdúfa, Kaljutuvi, Kalliokyyhky, Kawara-bato, Kawarabato, Kesykyyhky, Kieminis, Klinšu Balodis, Klippduva, Klippedue, Kolombo, Kolomm An Garrek, Naminis Karvelis, Paloma, Paloma Bravia, Paloma Casera, Paloma Común, Paloma De Castilla, Paloma Doméstica, Pecinar, Piccione, Piccione Domestico, Piccione Selvatico, Piccione Selvatico Semidomestico, Piccione Terraiolo, Piccione Torraiolo, Pichon, Pigeon, Pigeon Biset Domestique, Pigeon De Ville, Pigeon Domestique, Pomba Brava, Pombo Da Rocha, Pombo O Pombo-doméstico, Pombo-das-rochas, Porumbel De Stânca, Pustynnik, Pëllumbi I Egër I Shkëmbit, Rock Dove Pigeon, Rock Pigeon, Rotsduif, Ruve, Sizij Golub, Sizy Golub, Sizyj Golub', Skalen G'l'b, Szirti Galamb, Tamduva, Tidori, Tidu, Tudun Tal-gebel, Tzidu, Yuan Ge, Ziwy Golub, pombo-doméstico, šyzy Holub, 岩鴿;野鴿, Rock Pigeon (feral Pigeon), Paloma Bravía, Tamdue, Brevduva, Tamdúgva, Klippedue (bydue), Tuinduif (stadsduif), Gołąb Skalny, Holub Divý, Kalliokyyhky (kesykyyhky), Pombo-doméstico / Pombo-das-rochas, Skalni Golob, Uolinis Karvelis, Сизый голубь, นกพิราบป่า, カワラバト, 原鴿, 原鸽, Rock Pigeon / Rock Dove

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columba_livia

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)
Columba livia atlantis subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia butleri subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia canariensis subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia dakhlae subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia fasciata subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia gaddi subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia gymnocycla subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia intermedia subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia lazaretensis subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia livia subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia lividior subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia neglecta subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia nigricans subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia palaestinae subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia schimperi subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia targia subspecies	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia domestica form	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia livia form	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Columba livia type form	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1789	Columba livia Gmelin
1927	Columba livia Boule and De Villeneuve p. 85
1988	Columba livia Weesie p. 29 figs. Pl 6, figs 12-14
1989	Columba livia Alcover p. 98
2003	Columba livia Pavia and Bedetti p. 165 figs. Pl 1, figs 5,7
2007	Columba livia Bedetti and Pavia p. 497 figs. Pl 2, fig E
2013	Columba livia Bedetti and Pavia p. 40 figs. Pl 2, figs c-e
2017	Columba livia Clements et al.

References

Salotti M., Bailon S., et al (1997) Castiglione 3, un nouveau remplissage fosilifere d'age Pleistocene moyen dans le karst de la region d'Oletta (Haute-Corse), Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Serie IIa 324, 67-74

Boule M., De Villeneuve L. (1927) La grotte de l'Observatoire à Monaco, Archives de l'Institut de Paléontologie Humaine Mémoire 1, 1-113

Weesie P. D. M. (1988) The Quaternary avifauna of Crete, Greece, Palaeovertebrata 18, 1-94

Alcover J. A. (1989) Les Aus fossils de la cova de Ca Na Reia, Endins 14-15, 95-100

Pavia M., Bedetti C. (2003) The late Pleistocene fossil avian remains from Grotta dei Fiori, Carbonia (SW Sardinia, Italy), Bolletino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 42, 163-169

Bedetti C., Pavia M. (2007) Reinterpretation of the late Pleistocene Ingarano cave deposit based on the fossil bird associations (Apulia, south-eastern Italy), Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 113, 487-507

Bedetti C., Pavia M. (2013) Early Pleistocene birds from Pirro Nord (Puglia, southern Italy), Palaeontographica Abteilung A 298, 31-53

Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017

SOF (2007) Holarktis Fåglar, version 2. SOF:s Taxonomikommittés officiella lista över Holarktis fåglar - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Taxonomikommittén BirdLife Sverige (2015) Västpalearktislistan ver. 2 – ny 11 feb 2015 - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

AnimalBase (2014) www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de. Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek, Göttingen - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Ayerbe Quiñones, F. (2018). Guía ilustrada de la avifauna colombiana. Wildlife Conservation Society - via Línea base de especies en términos de su vocación de conservación y uso sostenible del departamento de Santander - Proyecto Santander BIO

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes, 2003: null. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright, 2006: null. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

(1996) database, NODC Taxonomic Code - via Catalogue of Life

(1998) website, Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource - via Catalogue of Life

(2001) database, Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad - via Catalogue of Life

(2005) website, Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource, 2005.05.08 - via Catalogue of Life

Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names - via Catalogue of Life

BirdLife Sverige (2015) Förteckning över Sveriges fågeltaxa. Uppdaterad 2015-02-17, online: http://www.sofnet.org/rk/sveriges-fageltaxa - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

(2003) database, http://www.menv.gouv.qc.ca/biodiversite/centre.htm - via Catalogue of Life

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner (1987) Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada: Resource Publication, no. 166 - via Catalogue of Life

Bergmann, Fabiane Borba,da Cunha Amaral, Hugo Leonardo,Silveira, Tony,dos Santos, Paulo Roberto Silveira,üger, Rodrigo Ferreira (Jan-12-2013) Pseudolynchia canariensis (Diptera: Hippoboscidae): distribution pattern and phoretic association with skin mites and chewing lice of Columba livia (Aves: Columbidae) - via Phthiraptera.info

(2005) website, AOU Check-List (07-2005) - via Catalogue of Life

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes (2003) Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada - via Catalogue of Life

ArtDatabanken (tillägg) (2004) [Titel saknas] - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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