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Junco

Description
"Junco" is also a shrub in the genus Adolphia and the Spanish term for rushes (genus Juncus).

A junco , genus Junco, is a small North American bird. Junco systematics are still confusing after decades of research, with various authors accepting between three and twelve species. Despite having a name that appears to derive from the Spanish term for the plant genus Juncus (rushes), these birds are seldom found among rush plants, as these prefer wet ground, while juncos like dry soil.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)2492009https://www.gbif.org/species/2492009
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)129848https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=129848
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Emberizidae : Junco
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Passerellidae : Junco
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
-PygostyliaChiappe 2002
-OrnithothoracesChiappe and Calvo 1994
-OrnithuromorphaChiappe et al. 1999
subclassOrnithuraeHaeckel 1866
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
-Neognathae
-NeoavesSibley et al. 1988
-TerrestrornithesLivezey and Zusi 2007
-Dendrornithes
-AnomalogonatesGarrod 1874
-PicoclamatoresLivezey and Zusi 2007
superorderPasserimorphaeSibley et al. 1988
orderPasseriformesLinnaeus 1758
familyPasserellidaeCabanis 1851
genusJuncoWagler 1831
Common Namejunco
Scientific NameJunco Wagler, 1831
Name Published InWagler, Johann G. 1831. Einige Mittheilungen über Thiere Mexicos. Isis von Oken 24: 510-535.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Juncogenusbelongs to Fringillidaestated with evidenceLambrecht, 1933
Juncogenusbelongs to Fringillidaestated without evidenceWetmore, 1962
Juncogenusbelongs to Emberizidaestated without evidenceEmslie, 1998
Juncogenusbelongs to Passerellidaestated with evidenceClements et al., 2017
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
Extant Size (PBDB)2 (100%)
First Recorded Appearance1.81 - 0.78 Ma
Pleistocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Theropoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietcarnivore (based on Coelurosauria)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)A. Wetmore. 1962. Notes on fossil and subfossil birds. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 145(2):1-17
Common Name(s) Juncos, Junco
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junco

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Junco alticola
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Junco bairdi
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Junco hyemalis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Dark-eyed Junco71.81 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Junco insularis
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Junco oreganus
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Junco phaeonotus
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Junco ridgwayi
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Junco vulcani
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1831Junco Wagler
1933Junco Lambrecht p. 644
1962Junco Wetmore p. 14
1998Junco Emslie
2017Junco Clements et al.

References

Wetmore A. (1962) Notes on fossil and subfossil birds, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 145 2, 1-17
Lambrecht K. (1933) Handbuch der Palaeornithologie, 1-1024
Emslie S. D. (1998) Avian community, climate, and sea-level changes in the Plio-Pleistocene of the Florida Peninsula, Ornithological Monographs 50, 1-113
Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017
CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Isis, 1831 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000/Monroe Jr. & Sibley, 1993 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SOF (2010) Holarktis fåglar, ver 3. SOF:s officiella lista över Holarktis fågelarter. http://www.sofnet.org/sveriges-ornitologiska-forening/om-sof/kommitteer/taxonominkommitten-tk/holarktis-faglar-ver-3/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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