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Porzana

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Description

Porzana is a genus of birds in the crake and rail family, Rallidae. Its scientific name is derived from Venetian terms for small rails. The spotted crake (P. porzana) is the type species.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porzana, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2474604	https://www.gbif.org/species/2474604
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	94495	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=94495

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae : Porzana

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
-	Maniraptora	Gauthier 1986
-	Paraves	Sereno 1997
class	Aves	Linnaeus 1758
-	Pygostylia	Chiappe 2002
-	Ornithothoraces	Chiappe and Calvo 1994
-	Ornithuromorpha	Chiappe et al. 1999
subclass	Ornithurae	Haeckel 1866
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
-	Neognathae
-	Neoaves	Sibley et al. 1988
-	Terrestrornithes	Livezey and Zusi 2007
-	Telmatorae
superorder	Charadriimorphae	Huxley 1867
order	Gruiformes	Bonaparte 1854
family	Rallidae	Vigors 1825
genus	Porzana	Vieillot 1816

Scientific Name

Porzana Vieillot, 1816

Name Published In

Vieillot, Louis P. 1816. Analyse d'une nouvelle ornithologie élémentaire. Deterville, Paris.: 1-70.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Porzana	genus	belongs to Gruiformes	stated without evidence	Vieillot, 1816
Porzana	genus	belongs to Rallinae	stated without evidence	Brodkorb, 1967
Porzana	genus	belongs to Rallidae	stated without evidence	Olson, 1975
Porzana	genus	belongs to Rallidae	stated with evidence	Olson and James, 1991

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

4 (31%)

First Recorded Appearance

13.7 - 11.1 Ma
Miocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Coelurosauria)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

M. Salotti, S. Bailon, and M.-F. Bonifay, J.-Y. Courtois, J.-N. Dubois, J. Ferrandini, J.-C. La Milza, C. Mourer-Chauvire, J.-B. Popelard, Y. Quinif, A.-M. Real-Testud, C. Miniconi, E. Pereira, C. Persiani. 1997. Castiglione 3, un nouveau remplissage fosilifere d'age Pleistocene moyen dans le karst de la region d'Oletta (Haute-Corse). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Serie IIa 324:67-74

Common Name(s)

Soras, Ob. Sumphöna, Sumphöns

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porzana

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Porzana albicollis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana albigularis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana astrictocarpus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Saint Helena Crake	3	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Porzana atra species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana auffenbergi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana bicolor species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana carolina species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Sora	17	1.81 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Porzana cinerea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana elwesi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana flaviventer species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana fluminea species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Australian Crake	2	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Porzana fusca species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana galapagoensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana guatemalensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana hauxwelli species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana keplerorum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Porzana lacustris ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Porzana mandarina species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana menehune ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Porzana monasa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana murrayi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana nigra species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana palmeri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana parva species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana paykullii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana piercei ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Lesser Bermuda Crake	1	0.78 Ma Pleistocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Porzana plumbea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana porzana species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Spotted Crake	7	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Porzana pusilla species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana ralphorum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Porzana rua ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	Mangaia Crake	7	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Porzana rufigenis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana sandwichensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana severnsi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0.01 Ma Pleistocene
Porzana spiloptera species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana tabuensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Porzana ziegleri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	0.13 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Nesophylax Murphy, 1924	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae : *Nesophylax*
Aphanolimnas Sharpe, 1892	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae : *Aphanolimnas*
Porzanula Frohawk, 1892	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae : *Porzanula*
Poliolimnas Sharpe, 1893	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruiformes : Rallidae : *Poliolimnas*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1816	Porzana Vieillot
1967	Porzana Brodkorb p. 121
1975	Porzana Olson p. 25
1982	Porzana Olson and James p. 35
1991	Porzana Olson and James p. 49
2013	Porzana Meijer et al. p. 883
2014	Porzana del Hoyo et al.
2017	Porzana Clements et al.

References

Salotti M., Bailon S., et al (1997) Castiglione 3, un nouveau remplissage fosilifere d'age Pleistocene moyen dans le karst de la region d'Oletta (Haute-Corse), Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Serie IIa 324, 67-74

Brodkorb P. (1967) Catalogue of fossil birds: Part 3 (Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, Charadriiformes), Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 11 3, 99-220

Olson S. L. (1975) Paleornithology of St. Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 23, 1-49

Olson S. L., James H. F. (1982) Prodromus of the fossil avifauna of the Hawaiian Islands, Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 365, 1-59

Olson S. L., James H. F. (1991) Descriptions of Thirty-Two New Species of Birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part I. Non-Passeriformes, Ornithological Monographs 45, 1-88

Meijer H. J. M., Sutikna T., et al (2013) Late Pleistocene-Holocene non-passerine avifauna of Liang Bua (Flores, Indonesia), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33, 877-894

del Hoyo J., Collar N. J., et al (2014) HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines, 1-904

Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes, 2003: null. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Neave, Sheffield Airey. (1939-1996). Nomenclator Zoologicus vol. 1-10 Online. [developed by uBio, hosted online at MBLWHOI Library]. - via World Register of Marine Species

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 67 One hundred and two Bird names placed in the Official List of Generic Names.Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1B, 177-182 (1916) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Analyse - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Monroe Jr. & Sibley, 1993, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SOF (2007) Holarktis Fåglar, version 2. SOF:s Taxonomikommittés officiella lista över Holarktis fåglar - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

SN2000/Monroe Jr. & Sibley, 1993 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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