Wyllieite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Wyllieite
Peter J. Wyllie
Formula:
(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Colour:
deep bluish-green to deep oily-green, gray-green, to greenish-black
Lustre:
Vitreous, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
4 - 4½
Specific Gravity:
3.61 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named by Paul B. Moore and Jun Ito in 1973 in honor of Peter John Wyllie (8 February 1930, London, England - ), Professor of Geology, University of Chicago (1965-1983) and the California Institute of Technology (1984-1999), for his work on granite melts in dry and aqueous conditions. He received the Roebling Medal in 2001.
The original wyllieite from the Victory Pegmatite, Custer, South Dakota, USA (Moore and Ito, 1973) was redefined by Moore and Ito (1979) as ferrowyllieite-MnNaNa, but their new wyllieite, designated by them as wyllieite-□NaCa, was not formally described except for a published chemical analysis and the implicit assertion that their material otherwise conformed to the wyllieite group (Min Mag 43:227, 1979).
The mineral rosemaryite is named for his wife.
The original wyllieite from the Victory Pegmatite, Custer, South Dakota, USA (Moore and Ito, 1973) was redefined by Moore and Ito (1979) as ferrowyllieite-MnNaNa, but their new wyllieite, designated by them as wyllieite-□NaCa, was not formally described except for a published chemical analysis and the implicit assertion that their material otherwise conformed to the wyllieite group (Min Mag 43:227, 1979).
The mineral rosemaryite is named for his wife.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4321
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4321:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
45e06f42-7342-40da-92e7-bb53b8a4dbf8
IMA Classification of Wyllieite
Approved
IMA Formula:
NaNaMn(Fe2+Al)(PO4)3
Approval year:
1972
First published:
1973
Classification of Wyllieite
8.AC.15
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 7th ed.:
38.2.8.2
38.2.4.2
38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
2 : (AB)5(XO4)3
38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
2 : (AB)5(XO4)3
19.14.4
19 : Phosphates
14 : Phosphates of Fe and other metals
19 : Phosphates
14 : Phosphates of Fe and other metals
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Wyl | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Wyl | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Wyllieite
Vitreous, Sub-Metallic
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
deep bluish-green to deep oily-green, gray-green, to greenish-black
Streak:
dirty olive green
Hardness:
4 - 4½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Very brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{010} perfect, {101} distinct
{010} perfect, {101} distinct
Density:
3.61 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Wyllieite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.685(2) nβ = 1.688(2) nγ = 1.692(2)
2V:
Measured: 90° , Calculated: 82°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.007
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
r > v weak
Comments:
Thick plates show pleochroism, X smoky blue-gray, Y smoky
bluish-green, Z green. Abs Z>Y>X.
bluish-green, Z green. Abs Z>Y>X.
Chemistry of Wyllieite
Mindat Formula:
(Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3
Crystallography of Wyllieite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 11.967(2) Å, b = 12.462(3) Å, c = 6.409(1) Å
β = 114.52°, γ = 2°
β = 114.52°, γ = 2°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.96 : 1 : 0.514
Unit Cell V:
869.60 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Comment:
Space Group: P21/n
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| - Å | () |
Comments:
No published data. See note in name history.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 34 : Complex granite pegmatites |
Type Occurrence of Wyllieite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Masses and crude crystals to 10 cm. Likely previously misidentified as triphylite-lithiophilite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 162557.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Zoned, complex granite pegmatites
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Moore, P.B., Ito, J. (1973) Wyllieite, Na2Fe2+2Al(PO4)3, a new species. The Mineralogical Record: 4: 131-136.
Synonyms of Wyllieite
Other Language Names for Wyllieite
Relationship of Wyllieite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Ferroqingheiite | NaNaFe2+(MgAl)(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/m |
| Ferrorosemaryite | ◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m |
| Ferrowyllieite | (Na,Ca,Mn)(Fe,Mn)(Fe,Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Fupingqiuite | (Na,Mn2+,◻)2Mn2+2Fe3+(PO4)3 | Mon. |
| Magnesioqingheiite | Na2Mg(MgAl)(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m |
| Qingheiite | NaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
| Rosemaryite | (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3 | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Wyllieite associated with Scorzalite | Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.AC. | Angarfite | NaFe3+5(PO4)4(OH)4 · 4H2O |
| 8.AC. | Wopmayite | Ca6Na3◻Mn(PO4)3(PO3OH)4 |
| 8.AC.X | Dyrnaesite-(La) | Na8Ce4+(La,REE)2(PO4)6 |
| 8.AC. | Edtollite | K2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4 |
| 8.AC. | Alumoedtollite | K2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4 |
| 8.AC. | Crocobelonite | CaFe3+2O(PO4)2 |
| 8.AC. | Manganobadalovite | NaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC. | Beershevaite | CaFe3+3(PO4)3O |
| 8.AC. | Calciohatertite | NaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC. | Kabalovite | Fe2+3Fe3+4(PO4)6 |
| 8.AC. | Nazarchukite | Ca2NiFe3+2(PO4)4 |
| 8.AC. | Changesite–(Y) | (Ca8Y)◻Fe2+(PO4)7 |
| 8.AC. | Crocobelonite-1M | CaFe3+2O(PO4)2 |
| 8.AC. | Ebnerite | (NH4)Zn(PO4) |
| 8.AC. | Magnesioqingheiite | Na2Mg(MgAl)(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC. | Epiebnerite | (NH4)Zn(PO4) |
| 8.AC.02 | Grigorievite | Cu3Fe3+2Al2(VO4)6 |
| 8.AC.02 | Koksharovite | CaMg2Fe3+4(VO4)6 |
| 8.AC.02 | Ziminaite | Fe3+ 6 (VO4)6 |
| 8.AC.05 | Calciojohillerite | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.05 | Howardevansite | NaCuFe2(VO4)3 |
| 8.AC.05 | O'Danielite | Na(Zn,Mg)3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 |
| 8.AC.05 va | Alluaudite-Na□ | ◻4Na4Mn2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 |
| 8.AC.05 va | Alluaudite-Ca□ | ◻4Ca4Mn2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 |
| 8.AC.05 va | Ferroalluaudite-NaNa | Na4Na4Fe2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 |
| 8.AC.05 | Hagendorfite-NaNa | NaNaFe2+(Mn2+,Mn3+)(PO4)3 (?) |
| 8.AC.05 | Erikapohlite | Cu3(Zn,Cu,Mg)4Ca2(AsO4)6 · 2H2O |
| 8.AC.05 | Hatertite | Na2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.05 | Unnamed (Na-Mg Arsenate Hydroxyarsenate) | NaMg3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 |
| 8.AC.05 | Unnamed (Na-Zn-H Arsenate Hydrxyarsenate) | Na(Na0.6Zn0.4)Zn2(H0.6AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 |
| 8.AC.05 | Zincobradaczekite | NaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.05 | Badalovite | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.05 | Magnesiocanutite | NaMnMg2[AsO4]2[AsO2(OH)2] |
| 8.AC.05 | Magnesiohatertite | (Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.05 | Khrenovite | Na3Fe3+2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.05 | Paraberzeliite | NaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.05 | Camanchacaite | NaCaMg2[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2 |
| 8.AC.05 | Manganohatertite | NaNaCa(MnFe3+)(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.07 | Zhanghuifenite | Na3Mn4Mg2Al(PO4)6 |
| 8.AC.07 | Ferrobobfergusonite | Na2Fe2+5Fe3+Al(PO4)6 |
| 8.AC.10 | Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Arseniopleite | NaCaMnMn2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Caryinite | (Na,Pb)(Ca,Na)CaMn2+2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Ferroalluaudite | (Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Hagendorfite | NaCaMn2+Fe2+2(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Johillerite | Na(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Maghagendorfite | (Na,◻)MgMn2+(Fe2+,Fe3+)2(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Nickenichite | Na0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Varulite | NaCaMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Ferrohagendorfite | NaCaFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Bradaczekite | NaCu4(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.10 | Groatite | NaCaMn2(PO4)[PO3(OH)]2 |
| 8.AC.15 | Bobfergusonite | Na2Mn5FeAl(PO4)6 |
| 8.AC.15 | Ferrowyllieite | (Na,Ca,Mn)(Fe,Mn)(Fe,Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.15 | Qingheiite | NaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.15 | Rosemaryite | (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.15 | Ferrorosemaryite | ◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.15 | Ferroqingheiite | NaNaFe2+(MgAl)(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.17 | Czochralskiite | Na4Ca3Mg(PO4)4 |
| 8.AC.18 | Manitobaite | Na16Mn2+ 25Al8(PO4)30 |
| 8.AC.20 | Marićite | NaFe2+(PO4) |
| 8.AC.25 | Berzeliite | (NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.25 | Manganberzeliite | (NaCa2)Mn2+2(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.25 | Palenzonaite | (NaCa2)Mn2+2(VO4)3 |
| 8.AC.25 | Schäferite | (NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3 |
| 8.AC.25 | Hedegaardite | (Ca,Na)9(Ca,Na)Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH) |
| 8.AC.25 | Matyhite | Ca18(Ca,◻)2Fe2+2(PO4)14 |
| 8.AC.30 | Brianite | Na2CaMg(PO4)2 |
| 8.AC.35 | Vitusite-(Ce) | Na3(Ce,La,Nd)(PO4)2 |
| 8.AC.40 | Olgite | (Sr,Ba)(Na,Sr,REE)2Na(PO4)2 |
| 8.AC.40 | Bario-olgite | (Ba,Sr)(Na,Sr,REE)2Na(PO4)2 · |
| 8.AC.45 | Strontiowhitlockite | Sr9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH) |
| 8.AC.45 | Whitlockite | Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH) |
| 8.AC.45 | Merrillite | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
| 8.AC.45 | Tuite | Ca3(PO4)2 |
| 8.AC.45 | Ferromerrillite | Ca9NaFe2+(PO4)7 |
| 8.AC.47 | Iwateite | Na2BaMn(PO4)2 |
| 8.AC.47 | Yurmarinite | Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6 |
| 8.AC.47 | Ozerovaite | Na2KAl3(AsO4)4 |
| 8.AC.47 | Anatolyite | Na6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6 |
| 8.AC.47 | Pansnerite | K3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8 |
| 8.AC.50 | Chladniite | Na3CaMg11(PO4)9 |
| 8.AC.50 | Fillowite | Na3CaMn2+11(PO4)9 |
| 8.AC.50 | Johnsomervilleite | Na3CaFe11(PO4)9 |
| 8.AC.50 | Galileiite | Na3Fe2+Fe2+11(PO4)9 |
| 8.AC.50 | Xenophyllite | Na4Fe2+7(PO4)6 |
| 8.AC.50 | Udinaite | NaMg4(VO4)3 |
| 8.AC.50 | Arsenudinaite | NaMg4(AsO4)3 |
| 8.AC.52 | Lasnierite | (Ca,Sr)(Mg,Fe2+)2Al(P[O,F]4)3 |
| 8.AC.55 | Pharmazincite | KZnAsO4 |
| 8.AC.57 | Zubkovaite | Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4 |
| 8.AC.60 | Kosnarite | KZr2(PO4)3 |
| 8.AC.65 | Panethite | (Na,Ca)2(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)2 |
| 8.AC.70 | Stanfieldite | Ca4Mg5(PO4)6 |
| 8.AC.75 | Ronneburgite | K2MnV4O12 |
| 8.AC.80 | Tillmannsite | Ag3Hg[(V,As)O4] |
| 8.AC.85 | Filatovite | K(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Wyllieite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4321.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Wyllieite
Reference List:
Moore, Paul B., Ito, Jun (1973) Wyllieite, Na2Fe2+2Al(PO4)3: a New Species. The Mineralogical Record, 4 (3) 131-136
Fleischer, Michael, Cabri, Louis J., Chao, G. Y., Pabst, Adolf (1980) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 65 (7-8) 808-814
Rezgui, Eya, Ouerfelli, Najoua, Gavinho, S. R., Carvalho, J. P. F., Graça, M. P. F., Teixeira, S. Soreto (2023) Crystal Structure, Ionic Conductivity, Dielectric Properties and Electrical Conduction Mechanism of the Wyllieites Na1.5Mn3.5(AsO4)3 and Na1.5Mn3Fe0.5(AsO4)3. Crystals, 13 (8) doi:10.3390/cryst13081251
Localities for Wyllieite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Fernando Colombo et al. (2018) |
| Tait et al. (2004) |
| Roda-Robles et al. (2012) |
Brazil | |
| Cassedanne (1983) |
Europe | |
| Keller et al. (1997) | |
France | |
| Berbain et al. (2012) |
| Berbain et al. (2012) |
Germany | |
| Thomas et al. (2000) |
Poland | |
| Łodziński M. & Sitarz M. 2008: Chemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Some Phosphates Accessory Minerals from Pegmatites of the Sowie Mts (Owles Mts) |
| Pieczka et al. (2017) | |
Portugal | |
| Dias P et al. (2014) |
Rwanda | |
| Fransolet (1995) |
Spain | |
| Merino et al. (2019) |
| Encarnación Roda-Robles (2007) +1 other reference |
| Bareche (2005) |
| & locality references +1 other reference | |
Sweden | |
| Grensman (1989) +1 other reference |
| Ek et al. (1990) |
USA | |
| London et al. (1982) |
| Campbell et al. (1986) |
| [MinRec 4:111 | |
| Forrest Cureton |
| Yedlin (1973) |
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Hålsjöberg, Torsby, Värmland County, Sweden