Palenzonaite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Palenzonaite
Formula:
(NaCa2)Mn2+2(VO4)3
Colour:
Dark red
Lustre:
Adamantine, Sub-Adamantine, Greasy
Hardness:
5 - 5½
Specific Gravity:
3.63
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1987 in honor of Andrea Palenzona (b. 1935), professor of chemistry (and amateur mineralogist) at the University of Genoa, who discovered the mineral.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Palenzonaite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3065
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3065:2
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
b4c99545-687a-4242-9a92-2ba704a68d77
IMA Classification of Palenzonaite
Approved
Approval year:
1986
Classification of Palenzonaite
8.AC.25
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
A : Phosphates, etc. without additional anions, without H2O
C : With medium-sized and large cations
Dana 7th ed.:
38.2.1.3
38.2.1.3
38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
2 : (AB)5(XO4)3
38 : ANHYDROUS NORMAL PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, AND VANADATES
2 : (AB)5(XO4)3
21.4.15
21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
4 : Vanadates of U, Mn, Fe or Ni
21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
4 : Vanadates of U, Mn, Fe or Ni
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Plz | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Palenzonaite
Adamantine, Sub-Adamantine, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Dark red
Streak:
Brownish red
Hardness:
5 - 5½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
3.63 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.78 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Palenzonaite
Type:
Isotropic
RI values:
n = 1.965
Birefringence:
Isotropic minerals have no birefringence
Surface Relief:
Very High
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Palenzonaite
Mindat Formula:
(NaCa2)Mn2+2(VO4)3
Crystallography of Palenzonaite
Crystal System:
Isometric
Class (H-M):
m3m (4/m 3 2/m) - Hexoctahedral
Space Group:
Ia3d
Setting:
Ia3d
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.534 Å
Unit Cell V:
1,969.11 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
8
Morphology:
Granular, trapezohedral crystals rare.
Comment:
NJMM 136(1987) structure.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0019609 | Palenzonaite | Nagashima M, Armbruster T (2012) Palenzonaite, berzeliite, and manganberzeliite:(As5+,V5+,Si4+)O4 tetrahedra in garnet structures Mineralogical Magazine 76 1081-1097 | 2012 | Molinello mine, Italy | 0 | 293 | |
0019610 | Palenzonaite | Nagashima M, Armbruster T (2012) Palenzonaite, berzeliite, and manganberzeliite:(As5+,V5+,Si4+)O4 tetrahedra in garnet structures Mineralogical Magazine 76 1081-1097 | 2012 | Gambatesa mine, Italy | 0 | 293 | |
0019611 | Palenzonaite | Nagashima M, Armbruster T (2012) Palenzonaite, berzeliite, and manganberzeliite:(As5+,V5+,Si4+)O4 tetrahedra in garnet structures Mineralogical Magazine 76 1081-1097 | 2012 | Fianel mine, Switzerland | 0 | 293 | |
0014813 | Palenzonaite | Basso R (1987) The crystal structure of palenzonaite, a new vanadate garnet from Val Graveglia (Northern Apennines, Italy) Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1987 136-144 | 1987 | Val Graveglia, Northern Apennines, Italy | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
5.12 Å | (10) |
3.13 Å | (60) |
2.80 Å | (100) |
2.67 Å | (20) |
2.56 Å | (60) |
2.46 Å | (10) |
1.738 Å | (20) |
1.675 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits |
Type Occurrence of Palenzonaite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Wine-red anhedral grains and as dodecahedral crystals up to 6 mm in diameter.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada.
Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Veinlets in manganese ore.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Palenzonaite
Other Language Names for Palenzonaite
German:Palenzonait
Russian:Паленцонаит
Simplified Chinese:钒钙锰石
Spanish:Palenzonaita
Traditional Chinese:釩鈣錳石
Relationship of Palenzonaite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Berzeliite | (NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d |
Manganberzeliite | (NaCa2)Mn2+2(AsO4)3 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d |
Schäferite | (NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d |
Unnamed (Na-Ca-Ni Vanadate Garnet) | {NaCa2}[Ni2](V5+3)O12 | Iso. m3m (4/m 3 2/m) : Ia3d |
Unnamed (Na-Fe Vanadate Garnet) | {Na3}[Fe3+2](V5+3)O12 |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
2 photos of Palenzonaite associated with Carpholite | Mn2+Al2(Si2O6)(OH)4 |
2 photos of Palenzonaite associated with Nambulite | LiMn2+4Si5O14(OH) |
1 photo of Palenzonaite associated with Manganberzeliite | (NaCa2)Mn2+2(AsO4)3 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
8.AC. | Angarfite | NaFe3+5(PO4)4(OH)4 · 4H2O |
8.AC. | Wopmayite | Ca6Na3◻Mn(PO4)3(PO3OH)4 |
8.AC.X | Dyrnaesite-(La) | Na8Ce4+(La,REE)2(PO4)6 |
8.AC. | Edtollite | K2NaCu5Fe3+O2(AsO4)4 |
8.AC. | Alumoedtollite | K2NaCu5AlO2(AsO4)4 |
8.AC. | Crocobelonite | CaFe3+2O(PO4)2 |
8.AC. | Manganobadalovite | NaNaMn(MgFe3+)(AsO4)3 |
8.AC. | Beershevaite | CaFe3+3(PO4)3O |
8.AC. | Calciohatertite | NaNaCa(CaFe3+)(AsO4)3 |
8.AC. | Kabalovite | Fe2+3Fe3+4(PO4)6 |
8.AC. | Nazarchukite | Ca2NiFe3+2(PO4)4 |
8.AC. | Changesite–(Y) | (Ca8Y)◻Fe2+(PO4)7 |
8.AC. | Crocobelonite-1M | CaFe3+2O(PO4)2 |
8.AC. | Ebnerite | (NH4)Zn(PO4) |
8.AC. | Magnesioqingheiite | Na2Mg(MgAl)(PO4)3 |
8.AC. | Epiebnerite | (NH4)Zn(PO4) |
8.AC.02 | Grigorievite | Cu3Fe3+2Al2(VO4)6 |
8.AC.02 | Koksharovite | CaMg2Fe3+4(VO4)6 |
8.AC.02 | Ziminaite | Fe3+ 6 (VO4)6 |
8.AC.05 | Calciojohillerite | NaCaMg3(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.05 | Howardevansite | NaCuFe2(VO4)3 |
8.AC.05 | O'Danielite | Na(Zn,Mg)3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 |
8.AC.05 va | Alluaudite-Na□ | ◻4Na4Mn2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 |
8.AC.05 va | Alluaudite-Ca□ | ◻4Ca4Mn2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 |
8.AC.05 va | Ferroalluaudite-NaNa | Na4Na4Fe2+4Fe3+8(PO4)12 |
8.AC.05 | Hagendorfite-NaNa | NaNaFe2+(Mn2+,Mn3+)(PO4)3 (?) |
8.AC.05 | Erikapohlite | Cu3(Zn,Cu,Mg)4Ca2(AsO4)6 · 2H2O |
8.AC.05 | Hatertite | Na2(Ca,Na)(Fe3+,Cu)2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.05 | Unnamed (Na-Mg Arsenate Hydroxyarsenate) | NaMg3(AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 |
8.AC.05 | Unnamed (Na-Zn-H Arsenate Hydrxyarsenate) | Na(Na0.6Zn0.4)Zn2(H0.6AsO4)(AsO3OH)2 |
8.AC.05 | Zincobradaczekite | NaZn2Cu2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.05 | Badalovite | Na2Mg2Fe(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.05 | Magnesiocanutite | NaMnMg2[AsO4]2[AsO2(OH)2] |
8.AC.05 | Magnesiohatertite | (Na,Ca)2Ca(Mg,Fe3+)2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.05 | Khrenovite | Na3Fe3+2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.05 | Paraberzeliite | NaCa2Mg2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.05 | Camanchacaite | NaCaMg2[AsO4][AsO3(OH)]2 |
8.AC.05 | Manganohatertite | NaNaCa(MnFe3+)(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.07 | Zhanghuifenite | Na3Mn4Mg2Al(PO4)6 |
8.AC.07 | Ferrobobfergusonite | Na2Fe2+5Fe3+Al(PO4)6 |
8.AC.10 | Alluaudite | (Na,Ca)Mn2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2(PO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Arseniopleite | NaCaMnMn2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Caryinite | (Na,Pb)(Ca,Na)CaMn2+2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Ferroalluaudite | (Na,Ca)Fe2+(Fe3+,Mn2+,Fe2+)2(PO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Hagendorfite | NaCaMn2+Fe2+2(PO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Johillerite | Na(Mg,Zn)3Cu(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Maghagendorfite | (Na,◻)MgMn2+(Fe2+,Fe3+)2(PO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Nickenichite | Na0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Varulite | NaCaMn2+Mn2+2(PO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Ferrohagendorfite | NaCaFe2+Fe2+2(PO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Bradaczekite | NaCu4(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.10 | Groatite | NaCaMn2(PO4)[PO3(OH)]2 |
8.AC.15 | Bobfergusonite | Na2Mn5FeAl(PO4)6 |
8.AC.15 | Ferrowyllieite | (Na,Ca,Mn)(Fe,Mn)(Fe,Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3 |
8.AC.15 | Qingheiite | NaNaMn2+(MgAl)(PO4)3 |
8.AC.15 | Rosemaryite | (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe2+)(Fe3+,Mg)Al(PO4)3 |
8.AC.15 | Wyllieite | (Na,Ca,Mn)(Mn,Fe)(Fe,Mg)Al(PO4)3 |
8.AC.15 | Ferrorosemaryite | ◻NaFe2+Fe3+Al(PO4)3 |
8.AC.15 | Ferroqingheiite | NaNaFe2+(MgAl)(PO4)3 |
8.AC.17 | Czochralskiite | Na4Ca3Mg(PO4)4 |
8.AC.18 | Manitobaite | Na16Mn2+ 25Al8(PO4)30 |
8.AC.20 | Marićite | NaFe2+(PO4) |
8.AC.25 | Berzeliite | (NaCa2)Mg2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.25 | Manganberzeliite | (NaCa2)Mn2+2(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.25 | Schäferite | (NaCa2)Mg2(VO4)3 |
8.AC.25 | Hedegaardite | (Ca,Na)9(Ca,Na)Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH) |
8.AC.25 | Matyhite | Ca18(Ca,◻)2Fe2+2(PO4)14 |
8.AC.30 | Brianite | Na2CaMg(PO4)2 |
8.AC.35 | Vitusite-(Ce) | Na3(Ce,La,Nd)(PO4)2 |
8.AC.40 | Olgite | (Sr,Ba)(Na,Sr,REE)2Na(PO4)2 |
8.AC.40 | Bario-olgite | (Ba,Sr)(Na,Sr,REE)2Na(PO4)2 · |
8.AC.45 | Strontiowhitlockite | Sr9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH) |
8.AC.45 | Whitlockite | Ca9Mg(PO4)6(PO3OH) |
8.AC.45 | Merrillite | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
8.AC.45 | Tuite | Ca3(PO4)2 |
8.AC.45 | Ferromerrillite | Ca9NaFe2+(PO4)7 |
8.AC.47 | Iwateite | Na2BaMn(PO4)2 |
8.AC.47 | Yurmarinite | Na7(Fe3+,Mg,Cu)4(AsO4)6 |
8.AC.47 | Ozerovaite | Na2KAl3(AsO4)4 |
8.AC.47 | Anatolyite | Na6(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe3+)3Al(AsO4)6 |
8.AC.47 | Pansnerite | K3Na3(Fe3+,Al)6(AsO4)8 |
8.AC.50 | Chladniite | Na3CaMg11(PO4)9 |
8.AC.50 | Fillowite | Na3CaMn2+11(PO4)9 |
8.AC.50 | Johnsomervilleite | Na3CaFe11(PO4)9 |
8.AC.50 | Galileiite | Na3Fe2+Fe2+11(PO4)9 |
8.AC.50 | Xenophyllite | Na4Fe2+7(PO4)6 |
8.AC.50 | Udinaite | NaMg4(VO4)3 |
8.AC.50 | Arsenudinaite | NaMg4(AsO4)3 |
8.AC.52 | Lasnierite | (Ca,Sr)(Mg,Fe2+)2Al(P[O,F]4)3 |
8.AC.55 | Pharmazincite | KZnAsO4 |
8.AC.57 | Zubkovaite | Ca3Cu3(AsO4)4 |
8.AC.60 | Kosnarite | KZr2(PO4)3 |
8.AC.65 | Panethite | (Na,Ca)2(Mg,Fe2+)2(PO4)2 |
8.AC.70 | Stanfieldite | Ca4Mg5(PO4)6 |
8.AC.75 | Ronneburgite | K2MnV4O12 |
8.AC.80 | Tillmannsite | Ag3Hg[(V,As)O4] |
8.AC.85 | Filatovite | K(Al,Zn)2(As,Si)2O8 |
Fluorescence of Palenzonaite
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in strong acids.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Palenzonaite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3065.html
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References for Palenzonaite
Localities for Palenzonaite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Kolitsch (2020) |
Italy | |
| G. Blass EDX (M.E. Ciriotti, 2007) |
| 415. +2 other references |
| J. Brugger pers.comm. 2005 |
| //doi.org/10.57635/MICRO.2023.21.7 |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Bracco R. (2014) +2 other references |
Japan | |
| Masutomi Museum specimen (Kyoto) |
Switzerland | |
| Brugger et al. (1996) |
Brugger (1996) +3 other references | |
| Roth et al. (2011) |
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Molinello Mine, Ne, Genoa, Liguria, Italy