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Grand Wash Cliffs, Mohave County, Arizona, USAi
Regional Level Types
Grand Wash CliffsCliff
Mohave CountyCounty
ArizonaState
USACountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
35° 58' 59'' North , 113° 58' 2'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
35.98332,-113.96746
GeoHash:
G#: 9qquwwe6j
GRN:
N24W67
Locality type:
Cliff
Köppen climate type:
BSk : Cold semi-arid (steppe) climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Meadview1,224 (2011)9.3km
White Hills323 (2011)47.4km
Dolan Springs2,033 (2011)51.5km
Truxton134 (2011)66.3km
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Grand Cliff Range; Grand Wash Escarpment; Grand Wash Fault; Lower Grand Wash Cliffs; Lower Grand Wash Ledge


Named for the Grand Wash Trough which was formed by the "faulting and tilting of a large crust block" (US-T121) "faulting and tilting of a large crust block" (US-T121). The cliffs rise like steps from the lowland area to the high plateaus. The north end is at 363130N 1134700W. The south end is at 352300N 1134200W. plateaus: The north end is at 363130N 1134700W. The south end is at 352300N 1134200W. This locality is not listed in the USGS MRDS database.

GRAND WASH CLIFFS.

The Grand Wash Cliffs constitute the great break of the Colorado Plateau into the Great Basin. They undoubtedly represent a fault line, as has been described by previous writers, and are so shown on the accompanying map (Plate I). Dutton describes the Grand Wash fault as a gigantic displacement in which the whole country to the west has dropped down 6,000 or 7,000 feet. This fault is best developed along the edge of the plateau, extending from the mouth of the Grand Canyon southeastward to Music Mountain, a distance of about 50 miles, with a height of escarpment of about 3,000 feet and an average width of about 3 miles. The regularity of its course is locally interrupted by embayments or short, deep canyons cut back into the plateau, the most marked example being that at Clay Spring, north of Music Mountain camp.

From the edge of the plateau the general trend of the slope is westsouthwest into Hualpai Valley. Typically this slope is made up of three topographic elements; these are, in descending order, (1) an upper; more or less precipitous cliff or scarp, a-bout 1,500 feet in height, composed of the nearly horizontal strata of the Grand Canyon section; (2) an intermediate mountainous belt, in many places steep and rugged, composed of pre-Cambrian rocks having a vertical range of 1,000 or more feet and a breadth of about 2 miles; (3) a less steep foothill belt of irregular hills and ridges, consisting of similar granitoid rocks, which, with immense local deposits or fans of steep-lying talus or coarse, mostly granitoid, debris, descend from 600 to 1,000 feet to the edge of the valley.

At Music Mountain the Grand Wash Cliffs divide, the upper or sedimentary portion extending eastward under the name of Yampai Cliffs, and the lower or crystalline portion continuing southward under the names of Cottonwood Cliffs and Aquarius Cliffs, forming the edge of the Truxton Plateau.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

26 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
Reference: Schrader, F.C. (1909), Mineral deposits of the Cerbat Range, Black Mountains, and Grand Wash Cliffs, Mohave County, Arizona, USGS Bulletin 397: 142-144.
ⓘ Albite var. Andesine
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Reference: Schrader, F.C. (1909), Mineral deposits of the Cerbat Range, Black Mountains, and Grand Wash Cliffs, Mohave County, Arizona, USGS Bulletin 397: 142-144.
ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase
Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Reference: Schrader, F.C. (1909), Mineral deposits of the Cerbat Range, Black Mountains, and Grand Wash Cliffs, Mohave County, Arizona, USGS Bulletin 397: 142-144.
ⓘ Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Description: Occurs in pegmatite.
Reference: Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 28, 98.
ⓘ Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 126; Hill, J.M. (1914b), The Grand Gulch Mining region, Mohave Co., AZ, USGS Bull. 580: 39-58..
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Reference: Schrader, F.C. (1909), Mineral deposits of the Cerbat Range, Black Mountains, and Grand Wash Cliffs, Mohave County, Arizona, USGS Bulletin 397: 142-144.
ⓘ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Reference: Galbraith, F.W. (1947), AZ Bur. of mines Bull. 153, Minerals of AZ: 17; MRDS file #10027690.
ⓘ Brochantite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 146; Hill, J.M. (1914b), The Grand Gulch Mining Region, Mohave Co., AZ, USGS Bull.580: 39-58; Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Mineras of AZ: 63.
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Reference: MRDS file #10027690.
ⓘ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 163; Hill, J.M. (1914b), The Grand Gulch Mining region, Mohave Co., AZ, USGS Bull. 580: 39-58; Galbraith, F.W. (1947), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 153, Minerals of AZ: 16; MRDS file #10027690.
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
Reference: Galbraith, F.W. (1947), AZ Bur. of mines Bull. 153, Minerals of AZ: 19; MRDS file #10027690.
ⓘ Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Reference: MRDS file #10102539.
ⓘ Corundum
Formula: Al2O3
Colour: Blue, red, white
Description: Associated with andalusite in an aluminous pegmatite dike.
Reference: Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of AZ: 28.
ⓘ Cotunnite
Formula: PbCl2
Description: Reported as small veinlets replacing chalcocite.
Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 190; Hill, J.M. (1914b), The Grand Gulch Mining Region, Mohave Co., AZ, USGS Bull.580: 39-58; Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Mineras of AZ: 44.
ⓘ Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
Reference: MRDS file #10027660.
ⓘ Descloizite
Formula: PbZn(VO4)(OH)
Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 201; Hill, J.M. (1914b), The Grand Gulch Mining Region, Mohave Co., AZ, USGS Bull.580: 39-58; Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Mineras of AZ: 70.
ⓘ Descloizite var. Copper-bearing Descloizite
Formula: Pb(Zn,Cu)VO4OH
Reference: MRDS file #10102539.
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
Reference: MRDS file #10027690.
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
Reference: Wilson, E.D., et al (1934), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 137: 109.
ⓘ Gold
Formula: Au
Reference: Wilson, E.D., et al (1934), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 137: 108-109.
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:1722-1735
ⓘ Hemimorphite
Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:1722-1735
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Reference: Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. ed.: 286; Hill, J.M. (1914b), The Grand Gulch Mining region, Mohave Co., AZ, USGS Bull. 580: 39-58; MRDS file #10027690.
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Reference: Schrader, F.C. (1909), Mineral deposits of the Cerbat Range, Black Mountains, and Grand Wash Cliffs, Mohave County, Arizona, USGS Bulletin 397: 142-144.
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Reference: Schrader, F.C. (1909), Mineral deposits of the Cerbat Range, Black Mountains, and Grand Wash Cliffs, Mohave County, Arizona, USGS Bulletin 397: 142-144.
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Reference: Wilson, E.D., et al (1934), AZ Bur. of Mines Bull. 137: 109.
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Reference: Wilson, E.D., et al (1934), Arizona Bureau of Mines Bulletin 137: 109.
ⓘ Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:1722-1735
ⓘ Tenorite
Formula: CuO
Reference: Copper Handbook 1911
ⓘ Uraninite
Formula: UO2
Reference: MRDS file #10027660.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘGold1.AA.05Au
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘBornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘCotunnite3.AB.85PbCl2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘCorundum4.CB.05Al2O3
ⓘCuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘTenorite4.AB.10CuO
ⓘUraninite4.DL.05UO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘAzurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘSmithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘBrochantite7.BB.25Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘDescloizite8.BH.40PbZn(VO4)(OH)
ⓘvar. Copper-bearing Descloizite8.BH.40Pb(Zn,Cu)VO4OH
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Andesine9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘvar. Oligoclase9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘAndalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘChrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘHemimorphite9.BD.10Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘMicrocline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
Hⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Hⓘ Descloizite var. Copper-bearing DescloizitePb(Zn,Cu)VO4OH
Hⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
CCarbon
Cⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
Oⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Oⓘ UraniniteUO2
Oⓘ CupriteCu2O
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Oⓘ Descloizite var. Copper-bearing DescloizitePb(Zn,Cu)VO4OH
Oⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Oⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ TenoriteCuO
Oⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
FFluorine
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ CorundumAl2O3
Alⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Alⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Siⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Siⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
SSulfur
Sⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
ClChlorine
Clⓘ CotunnitePbCl2
KPotassium
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Caⓘ Albite var. Andesine(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
VVanadium
Vⓘ DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
Vⓘ Descloizite var. Copper-bearing DescloizitePb(Zn,Cu)VO4OH
FeIron
Feⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2
CuCopper
Cuⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cuⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Cuⓘ CupriteCu2O
Cuⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cuⓘ Descloizite var. Copper-bearing DescloizitePb(Zn,Cu)VO4OH
Cuⓘ TenoriteCuO
ZnZinc
Znⓘ DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
Znⓘ Descloizite var. Copper-bearing DescloizitePb(Zn,Cu)VO4OH
Znⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Znⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
AuGold
Auⓘ GoldAu
PbLead
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ CotunnitePbCl2
Pbⓘ DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)
Pbⓘ Descloizite var. Copper-bearing DescloizitePb(Zn,Cu)VO4OH
UUranium
Uⓘ UraniniteUO2

References

Sort by

Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A) In-text Citation No.
Schrader, F.C. (1909), The Mineral deposits of the Cerbat Range, Black Mountains, and Grand Wash Cliffs, Mohave County, Arizona, USGS Bulletin 397: 18-19.
Thomas, B.E. (1949), Ore deposits of the Wallapai District, Arizona, Economic Geology: 44: 663-705.
Galbraith, F.W. & Brennan (1959), Minerals of Arizona: 28, 98.
Albin, Alton L. (1991), Geologic map of the Peacock Mountains and Southern Grand Wash Cliffs: including Peacock Peak, Antares, Hackberry, Valentine, and the Southern Half of the Music Mountain SE, and Milkweed Canyon SW, 1/2 Minute Quadrangles, Northwestern Arizona, Arizona Geological Survey CM-91K, 1:24000 scale.
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd. edition: 228.

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