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Cepphus

Description

Cepphus is a genus of seabirds in the auk family also referred to as true guillemots or, in North America, simply as guillemots. The genus name Cepphus is from Ancient Greek kepphos, a pale waterbird mentioned by Greek authors including Aristotle. The English word "guillemot" is from French guillemot probably derived from Guillaume, "William". "Murre" is of uncertain origins, but may imitate the call of the common guillemot.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)6006205https://www.gbif.org/species/6006205
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)39611https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=39611
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Pelecaniformes : Ardeidae : Cepphus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Charadriiformes : Alcidae : Cepphus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)doubtful
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
orderCharadriiformesHuxley 1867
-PanalcidaeSmith 2011
familyAlcidaeLeach 1820
genusCepphusWagler 1827
Scientific NameCepphus Wagler, 1827
Name Published InSyst. Avium, 1, sign
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Cepphusgenusbelongs to Alcidaestated without evidenceHoward, 1978
Cepphusgenusbelongs to Alcinaestated without evidenceHoward, 1982
Cepphusgenusbelongs to Alcidaestated without evidenceOlson, 1985
Cepphusgenusbelongs to AlcidaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Cepphusgenusbelongs to Alcidaestated without evidenceGuthrie, 1992
Cepphusgenusbelongs to Alcinaestated without evidenceSmith, 2011
Cepphusgenusbelongs to Alcidaestated without evidenceClements et al., 2017
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)5
Extant Size (PBDB)4 (80%)
First Recorded Appearance11.6 - 7.2 Ma
Miocene
Environmentmarine (based on Charadriiformes)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietcarnivore (based on Coelurosauria)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cepphus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Cepphus carbo
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Spectacled Guillemot0 Ma
Extant
Cepphus columba
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Pigeon Guillemot40.13 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Cepphus grylle
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Black Guillemot30.13 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Cepphus olsoni
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
111.6 Ma
Miocene
11.6 Ma
Miocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1758Cepphus Moehring
1978Cepphus Howard p. 21
1982Cepphus Howard p. 3
1985Cepphus Olson p. 183
1988Cepphus Carroll
1992Cepphus Guthrie p. 323
2011Cepphus Smith p. 30 figs. Figure 14
2014Cepphus del Hoyo et al.
2017Cepphus Clements et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Howard H. (1978) Late Miocene marine birds from Orange County, California, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Contributions in Science 290, 1-26
Howard H. (1982) Fossil birds from Tertiary marine beds at Oceanside, San Diego County, California, with discriptions of two species of the genera Uria and Cepphus (Aves: Alcidae), Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 341, 1-15
Olson S. L. (1985) The fossil record of birds, Avian Biology VIII, 79-256
Guthrie D. A. (1992) A late Pleistocene avifauna from San Miguel Island, California, Science Series (Los Angeles) 36, 319-327
Smith N. A. (2011) Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the flightless Mancallinae (Aves, Pan-Alcidae), ZooKeys 91, 1-116
del Hoyo J., Collar N. J., et al (2014) HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines, 1-904
Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Syst. Avium, 1, sign - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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