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Gruipeda ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4966377	https://www.gbif.org/species/4966377
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	122563	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=122563

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gruipeda

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
-	Maniraptora	Gauthier 1986
-	Paraves	Sereno 1997
class	Aves	Linnaeus 1758
genus	Gruipeda	Panin & Avram 1962

Scientific Name

Gruipeda Panin & Avram, 1962

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Gruipeda	genus	belongs to Tetrapoda	stated without evidence	de Valais and Melchor, 2008
Gruipeda	genus	belongs to Aves	stated without evidence	Melchor et al., 2013

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

201 - 191 Ma
Early Jurassic

Last Recorded Appearance

201 - 191 Ma
Early Jurassic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Coelurosauria)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

S. de Valais and R. N. Melchor. 2008. Ichnotaxonomy of bird-like footprints: an example from the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic of northwest Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(1):145-159

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Gruipeda dominguensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Gruipeda maxima ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Gruipeda vegrandiunus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Trisauropodiscus aviforma ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Trisauropodiscus galliforma ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Trisauropodiscus levis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Trisauropodiscus phasianiforma ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Trisauropodiscus pompompoi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Trisauropodiscus superaviforma ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Trisauropodiscus superavipes ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Charadriipeda Panin & Avram, 1962	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Aves : *Charadriipeda*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1962	Charadriipeda Panin and Avram
1962	Gruipeda Panin and Avram
1970	Antarctichnus Covacevich and Lamperein
1970	Trisauropodiscus Ellenberger p. 346
1992	Trisauropodiscus Lockley et al. p. 125 figs. 13, 15
2005	Trisauropodiscus Knoll p. 84
2008	Gruipeda de Valais and Melchor p. 152
2013	Gruipeda Melchor et al.

References

de Valais S., Melchor R. N. (2008) Ichnotaxonomy of bird-like footprints: an example from the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic of northwest Argentina, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 1, 145-159

Ellenberger P. (1970) Les niveaux paléontologiques de première apparition des mammifères primoridaux en Afrique du Sud et leur ichnologie. Establissement de zones stratigraphiques detaillees dans le Stormberg du Lesotho (Afrique du Sud) (Trias Supérieur à Jurassique) [The paleontological levels of the first appearance of primordial mammals in southern Africa and their ichnology. Establishment of detailed stratigraphic zones in the Stormberg of Lesotho (southern Africa) (Upper Triassic to Jurassic)., In: S. H. Haughton (ed.), Second Symposium on Gondwana Stratigraphy and Paleontology, International Union of Geological Sciences. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 343-370

Lockley M. G., Yang S.Y., et al (1992) The track record of Mesozoic birds: evidence and implications, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B: Biological Sciences 336, 113-134

Knoll F. (2005) The tetrapod fauna of the Upper Elliot and Clarens formations in the main Karoo Basin (South Africa and Lesotho), Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 176 1, 81-91

Melchor R. N., Buchwaldt R., et al (2013) A Late Eocene date for Late Triassic bird tracks, Nature 495, E1-E2 doi:10.1038/nature11931

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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