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Polarornis

Description

Polarornis is a genus of prehistoric bird, possibly an anserimorph. It contains a single species Polarornis gregorii, known from incomplete remains of one individual found on Seymour Island, Antarctica, in rocks which are dated to the Late Cretaceous (López de Bertodano Formation, about 66 Ma).


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4852116https://www.gbif.org/species/4852116
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)243335https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=243335
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Gaviiformes : Gaviidae : Polarornis
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Anseriformes : Vegaviidae : Polarornis
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
-PygostyliaChiappe 2002
-OrnithothoracesChiappe and Calvo 1994
-OrnithuromorphaChiappe et al. 1999
subclassOrnithuraeHaeckel 1866
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
-Neognathae
-GalloanseraeSibley and Ahlquist 1990
superorderGalloanserimorphae
orderAnseriformesWagler 1831
-VegaviidaeAgnolín et al. 2017
genusPolarornisChatterjee 2002
Scientific NamePolarornis Chatterjee, 2002
Name Published InProceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Beijing, 1-4 June 2000. Science Press Beijing
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Polarornisgenusbelongs to Gaviidaestated without evidenceChatterjee, 2002
Polarornisgenusbelongs to Vegaviidaestated with evidenceAgnolín et al., 2017
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
First Recorded Appearance72.1 - 66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Last Recorded Appearance72.1 - 66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Environmentterrestrial (based on Theropoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietherbivore (based on Anseriformes)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)S. Chatterjee. 2002. The morphology and systematics of Polarornis, a Cretaceous Loon (Aves: Gaviidae) from Antarctica. In Z.-H. Zhou, F.-C. Zhang (eds.), Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarornis

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Polarornis gregorii
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
172.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
2002Polarornis Chatterjee p. 128
2017Polarornis Agnolín et al.

References

Chatterjee S. (2002) The morphology and systematics of Polarornis, a Cretaceous Loon (Aves: Gaviidae) from Antarctica, Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, 125-155
Agnolín F. L., Egli F. B., et al (2017) Vegaviidae, a new clade of southern diving birds that survived the K/T boundary, The Science of Nature 104 87, 1-9 doi:10.1007/s00114-017-1508-y
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Beijing, 1-4 June 2000. Science Press Beijing - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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