Brontesite
A valid IMA mineral species
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Brontesite
Formula:
(NH4)3PbCl5
Colour:
Colourless to white
Lustre:
Vitreous
Specific Gravity:
2.72
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in 2009 by Francesco Demartin, Carlo M. Gramaccioli, and Italo Campostrini for Brontes, one of the Cyclopes, and a son of Uranus.
This page provides mineralogical data about Brontesite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
39208
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:39208:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
51af577c-7cf1-4723-ab90-89fa50b69347
IMA Classification of Brontesite
Approved
Approval year:
2008
First published:
2009
Classification of Brontesite
3.AA.
3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
3 : HALIDES
A : Simple halides, without H2O
A : M:X = 1:1, 2:3, 3:5, etc.
11.4.3.
11 : HALIDE COMPLEXES
4 : AmBX5·xH2O
11 : HALIDE COMPLEXES
4 : AmBX5·xH2O
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Bte | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Brontesite
Vitreous
Colour:
Colourless to white
Streak:
White
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
None observed
Density:
2.72(1) g/cm3 (Measured) 2.728 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Brontesite
Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
n = 1.70(3)
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.000
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Chemistry of Brontesite
Mindat Formula:
(NH4)3PbCl5
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
K,Br
Crystallography of Brontesite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.4351(9) Å, b = 15.7732(17) Å, c = 8.4446(9) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.535 : 1 : 0.535
Unit Cell V:
1123.5 ų
Z:
4
Morphology:
The habit is pseudotetragonal, tabular on {010}; the other most common forms are {110}, {011}, and {121}.
Twinning:
None observed.
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0006299 | Brontesite | Demartin F, Gramaccioli C M, Campostrini I (2009) Brontesite, (NH4)3PbCl5, a new product of fumarolic activity from La Fossa Crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy The Canadian Mineralogist 47 1237-1243 | 2009 | La Fossa Crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.067 Å | (100) |
2.710 Å | (78) |
2.421 Å | (75) |
2.211 Å | (60) |
2.020 Å | (80) |
1.910 Å | (78) |
1.491 Å | (75) |
1.457 Å | (65) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Brontesite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Aggregates of pseudotetragonal tabular crystals.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Reference Collection of Dipartimento di Chimica Strutturale e Stereochimica Inorganica of Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In an active medium-temperature (~250°C) intracrater fumarole on a pyroclastic breccia.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Demartin, F., Gramaccioli, C.M., Campostrini, I. (2009) Brontesite, (NH4)3PbCl5, a new product of fumarolic activity from La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. The Canadian Mineralogist: 47: 1237-1243.
Synonyms of Brontesite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
3 photos of Brontesite associated with Alunite | KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
3 photos of Brontesite associated with Adranosite | (NH4)4NaAl2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
3.AA.05 | Marshite | CuI |
3.AA.05 | Miersite | (Ag,Cu)I |
3.AA.05 | Nantokite | CuCl |
3.AA.05 | UM1999-11:I:CuS | Cu(I,S) |
3.AA.10 | Iodargyrite | AgI |
3.AA.10 | Tocornalite | (Ag,Hg)I |
3.AA.15 | Bromargyrite | AgBr |
3.AA.15 | Chlorargyrite | AgCl |
3.AA.20 | Carobbiite | KF |
3.AA.20 | Griceite | LiF |
3.AA.20 | Halite | NaCl |
3.AA.20 | Sylvite | KCl |
3.AA.20 | Villiaumite | NaF |
3.AA.25 | Salammoniac | NH4Cl |
3.AA.25 | UM1998-03-Cl:Tl | TlCl |
3.AA.25 | Lafossaite | Tl(Cl,Br) |
3.AA.25 | Nataliyamalikite | TlI |
3.AA.30 | Calomel | [Hg2]2+Cl2 |
3.AA.30 | Kuzminite | [Hg2]2+(Br,Cl)2 |
3.AA.30 | Moschelite | [Hg2]2+I2 |
3.AA.35 | Neighborite | NaMgF3 |
3.AA.35 | Parascandolaite | KMgF3 |
3.AA.40 | Chlorocalcite | KCaCl3 |
3.AA.40 | Javorieite | KFeCl3 |
3.AA.45 | Kolarite | PbTeCl2 |
3.AA.50 | Radhakrishnaite | PbTe3(Cl,S)2 |
3.AA.55 | Challacolloite | KPb2Cl5 |
3.AA.60 | Hephaistosite | TlPb2Cl5 |
3.AA.90 | Pseudocotunnite | K2PbCl4 |
Other Information
Notes:
The mineral is not hygroscopic and is stable in the open air.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Brontesite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-39208.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Brontesite
Localities for Brontesite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Italy (TL) | |
| Demartin et al. (2009) |
Quick NavTopAbout BrontesiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island, Lipari, Eolie Islands, Metropolitan City of Messina, Sicily, Italy