Quick Links : Mindat手册 The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Mindat Newsletter [Free Download]

主页关于 Mindat Mindat手册 Mindat的历史版权 Who We Are 联系我们于 Mindat.org刊登广告

捐赠给 Mindat Corporate Sponsorship 赞助板页已赞助的板页在 Mindat刊登广告的广告商于 Mindat.org刊登广告

Learning Center What is a mineral?The most common minerals on earth Information for Educators Mindat Articles The Elements The Rock H. Currier Digital Library Geologic Time

搜索矿物的性质搜索矿物的化学 Advanced Locality Search 随意显示任何一种矿物 Random Locality 使用minID搜索邻近产地 Search Articles 搜索词汇表更多搜索选项

Mindat手册添加新照片 Rate Photos 产区编辑报告 Coordinate Completion Report 添加词汇表项目

Mining Companies 统计会员列表 Mineral Museums Clubs & Organizations 矿物展及活动 The Mindat目录表设备设置 The Mineral Quiz

照片搜索 Photo Galleries Search by Color 今天最新的照片昨天最新的照片用户照片相集过去每日精选照片相集 Photography

BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Plectorthoidea ✝

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	124982	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=124982

Rank

superfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Orthida : Plectorthoidea

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Orthida	Schuchert and Cooper 1932
suborder	Orthidina	Schuchert and Cooper 1932
superfamily	Plectorthoidea	Schuchert and Le Vene 1929

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Plectorthoidea	superfamily	belongs to Orthidina	stated with evidence	Williams et al., 2000
Plectorthoidea	superfamily	belongs to Orthidina	stated without evidence	Benedetto, 2003
Plectorthoidea	superfamily	belongs to Orthidina	stated with evidence	Zuykov and Egerquist, 2005
Plectorthoidea	superfamily	belongs to Orthidina	stated without evidence	Zuykov and Harper, 2007
Plectorthoidea	superfamily	belongs to Orthidina	stated with evidence	Hansen and Holmer, 2011

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

301

First Recorded Appearance

520 - 516 Ma
Cambrian

Last Recorded Appearance

427 - 419 Ma
Paleozoic

Motility

stationary, attached (based on Orthida)

Vision

blind (based on Rhynchonellata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Orthida)

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Brachiopoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

A. Williams, S. J. Carlson, and C. H. C. Brunton, L. E. Holmer, L. E. Popov, M. Mergl, J. R. Laurie, M. G. Bassett, L. R. M. Cocks, J.-Y. Rong, S. S. Lazarev, R. E. Grant, P. R. Racheboeuf, Y.-G. Jin, B. R. Wardlaw, D. A. T. Harper, A. D. Wright, M. 2000. Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volumes 2 & 3, Linguliformea, Craniiformea, Rhynchonelliformea (part). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Chilcorthidae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)	2	467 Ma Middle Ordovician	467 Ma Middle Ordovician
Cremnorthidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	42	466 Ma Middle Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Cyclocoeliidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	456 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Eoorthidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	128	516 Ma Cambrian	466 Ma Middle Ordovician
Euorthisinidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	46	501 Ma Cambrian	461 Ma Middle Ordovician
Finkelnburgiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	155	513 Ma Cambrian	467 Ma Middle Ordovician
Giraldiellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	150	501 Ma Cambrian	433 Ma Silurian
Nanorthidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	40	488 Ma Cambrian	470 Ma Middle Ordovician
Phragmorthidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	50	472 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Platystrophiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,540	479 Ma Early/Lower Ordovician	427 Ma Silurian
Plectorthidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,579	501 Ma Cambrian	431 Ma Silurian
Ranorthidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	129	485 Ma Cambrian	458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Rhactorthidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	42	458 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician
Tasmanorthidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Wangyuiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	86	520 Ma Cambrian	428 Ma Silurian

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1929	Plectorthoidea Schuchert and Le Vene
2000	Plectorthoidea Williams et al. p. 756
2002	Apatoskenidioides Sepkoski, Jr.
2002	Lebediorthis Sepkoski, Jr.
2003	Plectorthoidea Benedetto
2005	Plectorthoidea Zuykov and Egerquist
2007	Plectorthoidea Zuykov and Harper

Year	Name and Author
2009	Plectorthoidea Popov et al.
2010	Plectorthoidea Zhan et al.
2011	Plectorthoidea Hansen and Holmer
2011	Plectorthoidea Rubel
2012	Plectorthoidea Hints
2017	Plectorthoidea Liljeroth et al.

References

Williams A., Carlson S. J., et al (2000) Part H Brachiopoda (revised): Volumes 2 & 3, Linguliformea, Craniiformea, Rhynchonelliformea (part)., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 1-919

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Benedetto J. L. (2003) Early Ordovician (Arenig) brachiopods from volcanicalstic rocks of the Famatina Range, northwest Argentina, Journal of Paleontology 77 2, 212-242

Zuykov M. A., Egerquist E. (2005) A new Platystrophia-like brachiopod genus from Ordovician Boda Limestone of Dalarna, Sweden, Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar 127 1, 1-5

Zuykov M. A., Harper D. A. T. (2007) Platystrophia (Orthida) and new related Ordovician and Early Silurian brachiopod genera, Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, 11-34

Popov L. E., Pour M. G., et al (2009) Billengsellide and orthide brachiopods: new insights into earliest Ordovician evolution and biogeography from northern Iran, Palaeontology 52 1, 35-52

Zhan R.-B., Jin J., et al (2010) Late Cambrian brachiopods from Jingxi, Guangxi Province, South China, Alcheringa 34, 99-133

Hansen J., Holmer L. E. (2011) Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of Ordovician brachiopods from northeastern Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen, Zootaxa 3076, 1-122

Rubel M. (2011) Silurian brachiopods Dictyonellida, Strophomenida, Productida, Orthotetida, Protorthida and Orthida from Estonia, Fossilia Baltica 4, 1-65

Hints L. (2012) New Hirnantian orthide brachiopods from the type section of the Porkuni Stage (Porkuni quarry, northeastern Estonia), Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 61 4, 227-241 doi:10.3176/earth.2012.4.04

Liljeroth M., Harper D. A. T., et al (2017) Ordovician rhynchonelliformean brachiopods from Co. Waterford, SE Ireland: Palaeobiogeography of the Leinster Terrane, Fossils and Strata 62, 1-164 doi:10.111/let.12205

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

Quick NavTop Subtaxa Synonymy List References

Go to top of page