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BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Stegodontidae ✝

Description

Stegodontidae is an extinct family of Stegodon-like proboscideans that was endemic to Africa and Asia from the Miocene (15.97 mya) to the Late Pleistocene, with some studies suggesting that some survived into the Holocene in China (until as recently as 4.1 thousand years ago), although this is disputed.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4825602https://www.gbif.org/species/4825602
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)43270https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43270
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Proboscidea : Stegodontidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-AfrotheriaStanhope et al. 1998
-TethytheriaMcKenna 1975
orderProboscidea
superfamilyElephantoideaGray 1821
familyStegodontidaeOsborn 1918
Scientific NameStegodontidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Stegodontidaefamilybelongs to MammutoideaimpliedCarroll, 1988
Stegodontidaefamilybelongs to Elephantiformesstated without evidenceShoshani and Tassy, 1996
Stegodontidaefamilybelongs to Elephantoideastated with evidenceLambert and Shoshani, 1998
Stegodontidaefamilybelongs to Elephantoideastated without evidenceSanders, 1999
Stegodontidaefamilybelongs to Elephantoideastated with evidenceShoshani et al., 2006
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)3
First Recorded Appearance23.0 - 16.0 Ma
Miocene
Last Recorded Appearance5.33 - 2.59 Ma
Cenozoic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietgrazer, browser (based on Proboscidea)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stegodontidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Stegodon
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
10723.0 Ma
Miocene
0.01 Ma
Pleistocene
Stegolophodon
genus
listed (PBDB)3023.0 Ma
Miocene
5.33 Ma
Miocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1918Stegodontidae Osborn
1988Stegodontidae Carroll
1996Stegodontidae Shoshani and Tassy p. 352
1998Stegodontidae Lambert and Shoshani p. 608
1999Stegodontidae Sanders p. 793
2005Stegodontidae Shoshani and Tassy p. 9 figs. Table 2
2006Stegodontidae Shoshani et al. p. 17300

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Shoshani J., Tassy P. (1996) Summary, conclusions, and a glimpse into the future, in J. Shoshani and P. Tassy, eds., The Proboscidea: Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and Their Relatives, 335-348
Lambert W. D., Shoshani J. (1998) Proboscidea, Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, 606-621
Sanders W. J. (1999) Oldest record of Stegodon (Mammalia: Proboscidea) 19 4, 793-797
Shoshani J., Tassy P. (2005) Advances in proboscidean taxonomy & classification, anatomy & physiology, and ecology & behavior, Quaternary International 126-128, 5-20
Shoshani J., Walter R. C., et al (2006) A proboscidean from the late Oligocene of Eritrea, a ‘‘missing link’’ between early Elephantiformes and Elephantimorpha, and biogeographic implications, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 46, 17296-17301
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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