| Description | Haplocanthosaurus (meaning "simple spined lizard") is a genus of intermediate sauropod dinosaur. Two species, H. delfsi and H. priscus, are known from incomplete fossil skeletons. It lived during the late Jurassic period (Kimmeridgian stage), 155 to 152 million years ago. The type species is H. priscus, and the referred species H. delfsi was discovered by a young college student named Edwin Delfs in Colorado, USA. Haplocanthosaurus specimens have been found in the very lowest layer of the Morrison Formation, along with Hesperosaurus, Brontosaurus yahnahpin, and Allosaurus jimmadensi.
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| Source Data | |
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| Rank | genus |
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| Taxonomy (GBIF) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Haplocanthosaurus |
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| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Haplocanthosaurus |
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| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted |
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Classification
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| Scientific Name | Haplocanthosaurus Hatcher, 1903 |
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| Name Published In | Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 16: 100 |
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| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
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| Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Morosauridae | stated without evidence | Hatcher, 1903 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Brachiosauridae | stated without evidence | Riggs, 1904 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated without evidence | Huene, 1908 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Brachiosauridae | stated without evidence | Lull, 1919 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated with evidence | Lull, 1924 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cardiodontinae | stated without evidence | Huene, 1927 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Camarasaurinae | stated with evidence | Nopcsa, 1928 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cardiodontinae | stated with evidence | Huene, 1929 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated without evidence | Lapparent, 1943 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosaurinae | implied | Romer, 1956 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated without evidence | Anonymous, 1959 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Sauropoda | stated with evidence | Tatarinov, 1964 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Brachiosauridae | implied | Romer, 1966 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosaurinae | stated without evidence | Steel, 1970 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Brachiosauridae | stated without evidence | Madsen and Miller, 1979 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated without evidence | Molnar, 1980 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Dicraeosauridae | stated with evidence | Bonaparte, 1986 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated with evidence | McIntosh, 1990 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosaurinae | stated with evidence | McIntosh, 1990 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated without evidence | Britt and Naylor, 1994 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Camarasauridae | stated with evidence | Upchurch, 1995 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Camarasauridae | stated without evidence | Upchurch, 1995 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated without evidence | Dodson, 1997 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Macronaria | stated without evidence | Sereno, 1997 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Sauropoda | stated without evidence | Upchurch, 1997 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Macronaria | stated with evidence | Sereno, 1998 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Macronaria | stated without evidence | Wilson and Sereno, 1998 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Haplocanthosauridae | stated without evidence | Bonaparte, 1999 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Macronaria | stated with evidence | Sereno, 1999 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Diplodocoidea | stated with evidence | Wilson, 2002 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Camarasauridae | stated with evidence | Upchurch et al., 2004 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Macronaria | stated without evidence | de Almeida et al., 2004 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Cetiosauridae | stated without evidence | Chure et al., 2006 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Diplodocoidea | stated without evidence | Remes, 2006 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Macronaria | stated with evidence | Royo-Torres et al., 2006 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Camarasauridae | stated without evidence | Zhang et al., 2009 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Diplodocoidea | stated with evidence | Ksepka and Norell, 2010 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Neosauropoda | stated with evidence | Canudo et al., 2010 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Diplodocoidea | stated with evidence | Whitlock, 2011 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Eusauropoda | stated without evidence | Xing et al., 2015 | | Haplocanthosaurus | genus | belongs to Diplodocoidea | stated with evidence | Mannion et al., 2019 |
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| Status (PBDB) | extinct |
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| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 3 |
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| First Recorded Appearance | 157 - 152 Ma
Jurassic |
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| Last Recorded Appearance | 157 - 145 Ma
Jurassic |
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| Environment | terrestrial (based on Sauropoda) |
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| Motility | actively mobile (based on Sauropoda) |
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| Diet | herbivore (based on Sauropoda) |
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| Reproduction | oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Sauropoda) |
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| Ontogeny | accretion,modification of parts (based on Sauropoda) |
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| Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite,compact or dense,thick (based on Sauropoda) |
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| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. B. Hatcher. 1903. A new name for the dinosaur Haplocanthus Hatcher. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 16:100 |
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| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplocanthosaurus |
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| Hatcher J. B. (1903) A new name for the dinosaur Haplocanthus Hatcher, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 16, 100 |
| Hatcher J. B. (1903) A new sauropod dinosaur from the Jurassic of Colorado, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 16, 1-2 |
| Hatcher J. B. (1903) Osteology of Haplocanthosaurus, with description of a new species, and remarks on the probable habits of the Sauropoda and the age and origin of the Atlantosaurus Beds, Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum 2 1, 1-72 |
| Riggs E. S. (1904) Structure and relationships of opisthocoelian dinosaurs, part II: The Brachiosauridae, Field Columbian Museum Geological Series 2 6, 229-247 |
| Huene F. v. (1927) Short review of the present knowledge of the Sauropoda, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 9 1, 121-126 |
| Nopcsa B. F. (1928) The genera of reptiles, Palaeobiologica 1, 163-188 |
| Huene F. v. (1929) Los sauriquios y ornitisquios del Cretáceo argentino, Anales del Museo de La Plata, serie 2 3, 1-196 |
| Romer A. S. (1956) , Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press, 1-772 |
| Anonymous (1959) Haplocanthosaurus reviewed, Museum News (The Cleveland Museum of Natural History) 1 11, 107-108 |
| Tatarinov L. P. (1964) Nadotryad Dinosauria. Dinozavry [Superorder Dinosauria. Dinosaurs], Osnovy Paleontologii [Fundamentals of Paleontology] 12, 523-589 |
| Romer A. S. (1966) , Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd edition, 1-468 |
| Steel R. (1970) Part 14. Saurischia, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1-87 |
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| McIntosh J. S. (1981) Annotated catalogue of the dinosaurs (Reptilia, Archosauria) in the collections of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 18, 1-67 |
| Russell D. A. (1984) A check list of the families and genera of North American dinosaurs, Syllogeus 53, 1-35 |
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| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
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| Bonaparte J. F. (1999) Evolución de las vértebras presacras en Sauropodomorpha [Evolution of the presacral vertebrae in Sauropodomorpha], Ameghiniana 36 2, 115-187 |
| Sereno P. C. (1999) The evolution of dinosaurs, Science 284, 2137-2147 |
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| Gallina P. A., Apesteguía S. (2005) Cathartesaura anaerobica gen. et sp. nov., a new rebbachisaurid (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Huincul Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Río Negro, Argentina, Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, nuevo serie 7 2, 153-166 |
| Chure D. J., Litwin R., et al (2006) The fauna and flora of the Morrison Formation: 2006, Paleontology and Geology of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 36, 233-249 |
| Remes K. (2006) A revision of the Tendaguru sauropod dinosaur Tornieria africana (Fraas) and its relevance for sauropod paleobiogeography, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 3, 651-669 doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[651:ROTTSD]2.0.CO;2 |
| Royo-Torres R., Cobos A., et al (2006) A giant European dinosaur and a new sauropod clade, Science 314, 1925-1927 |
| Salgado L., Carvalho I. d. S., et al (2006) Zapalasaurus bonapartei, un nuevo saurópodo de La Formación La Amarga (Cretacico Inferior), noroeste de Patagonia, Provincia de Neuquén, Argentina [Zapalasaurus bonapartei, a new sauropod from the La Amarga Formation (Lower Cretaceous), northwestern Patagonia, Neuquén province, Argentina], Géobios 39, 695-707 |
| Zhang X., Lü J., et al (2009) A new sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Gaogou Formation of Nanyang, Henan Province, Acta Geologica Sinica 83 2, 212-221 |
| Canudo J. I., Barco J. L., et al (2010) New record of a sauropod in the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition of the Iberian Peninsular (Spain): palaeobiogeographical implications, Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 84, 427-435 doi:10.1007/s12542-010-0057-x |
| Ksepka D. T., Norell M. A. (2010) The Illusory Evidence for Asian Brachiosauridae: New Material of Erketu ellisoni and a Phylogenetic Reappraisal of Basal Titanosauriformes, American Museum Novitates 3700, 1-27 |
| Suteethorn S., Le Loeuff J., et al (2010) Description of topotypes of Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae, a sauropod from the Sao Khua Formation (Early Cretaceous) of Thailand, and their phylogenetic implications, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Abhandlungen 256 1, 109-121 doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2010/0036 |
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| Tschopp E., Mateus O., et al (2015) A specimen-level phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision of Diplodocidae (Dinosauria, Sauropoda), PeerJ 3, e857 doi:10.7717/peerj.857 |
| Xing L., Miyashita T., et al (2015) A new sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of China and the diversity, distribution, and relationships of mamenchisaurids, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 1, e889701:1-17 doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.889701 |
| Mannion P. D., Upchurch P., et al (2019) Taxonomic affinities of the putative titanosaurs from the Late Jurassic Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania: phylogenetic and biogeographic implications for eusauropod dinosaur evolution, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185 3, 784-909 doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly068/5300162 |
| Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 16, 1 (as Haplocanthus; also as Haplocanthosaurus p. 100). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera |
| International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 1633 Haplocanthosaurus Hatcher, 1903 (Reptilia, Saurischia): conserved.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 48, 83 (1991) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology |
Haplocanthosaurus ✝
