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Macronaria ✝

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	57438	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=57438

Rank

unranked clade (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Macronaria

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Eusaurischia	Padian et al. 1999
-	Sauropodomorpha
-	Massopoda	Yates 2007
-	Sauropodiformes	Martinez et al. 2011
-	Sauropoda
-	Eusauropoda	Upchurch 1995
-	Neosauropoda	Bonaparte 1986
-	Macronaria	Sereno 1997

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated without evidence	Sereno, 1997
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1998
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated without evidence	Wilson and Sereno, 1998
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1999
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated without evidence	Sereno et al., 1999
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated with evidence	Wilson, 2002
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated without evidence	Gallina and Apesteguía, 2005
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated with evidence	Royo-Torres et al., 2006
Macronaria	unranked clade	subjective synonym of Camarasauromorpha	stated without evidence	Moser et al., 2006
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated without evidence	Sánchez-Hernández et al., 2007
Macronaria	unranked clade	belongs to Neosauropoda	stated with evidence	Allain and Aquesbi, 2008

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

372

First Recorded Appearance

180 - 168 Ma
Jurassic

Last Recorded Appearance

58.7 - 48.6 Ma
Paleogene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Sauropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Sauropoda)

Diet

herbivore (based on Sauropoda)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Sauropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Sauropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense,thick (based on Sauropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

P. C. Sereno. 1997. The origin and evolution of dinosaurs. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 25:435-489

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Abrosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	164 Ma Middle Jurassic	164 Ma Middle Jurassic
Aragosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	145 Ma Late Jurassic	145 Ma Late Jurassic
Atlasaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	168 Ma Middle Jurassic
Daanosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	157 Ma Jurassic	157 Ma Jurassic
Galveosaurus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Camarasauromorpha ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	152	170 Ma Middle Jurassic	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Titanomorpha ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)
Titanosauriformes ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	974	180 Ma Early Jurassic	58.7 Ma Paleocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1859	Astrodon Johnston p. 341
1865	Astrodon Leidy p. 119
1870	Astrodon Cope p. 99
1875	Bothriospondylus robustus Owen pp. 21-22 figs. Pl. 6
1876	Bothriospondylus robustus Sauvage p. 439
1880	Bothriospondylus robustus Sauvage p. 523
1884	Dinodocus Owen p. ix
1884	Dinodocus mackesoni Owen p. ix
1888	Dinodocus Lydekker p. 136
1888	Dinodocus mackesoni Lydekker p. 136
1888	Bothriospondylus robustus Lydekker p. 171
1889	Dinodocus Marsh p. 206
1890	Bothriospondylus robustus Woodward and Sherborn p. 212
1890	Dinodocus mackesoni Woodward and Sherborn p. 226
1890	Dinodocus Zittel p. 716
1890	Astrodon Zittel p. 717
1895	Bothriospondylus robustus Lydekker p. 335
1896	Astrodon Marsh p. 242
1898	Astrodon Marsh p. 158
1900	Bothriospondylus robustus Sauvage p. 504
1900	Dinodocus mackesoni Van Den Broeck p. 101
1902	Astrodon Hay p. 484
1908	Astrodon Huene p. 348
1908	Dinodocus Woodward p. 206
1909	Astrodon Huene p. 15
1909	Dinodocus Huene p. 15
1911	Astrodon Lull p. 177
1911	Astrodon von Zittel p. 288
1911	Dinodocus von Zittel p. 288
1917	Apatosaurus minimus Mook
1927	Bothriospondylus robustus Huene p. 446
1927	Pelorosaurus mackesoni Huene p. 456
1928	Dinodocus Nopcsa p. 184
1936	Astrodon Swinton p. 210
1956	Astrodon Romer p. 621

Year	Name and Author
1960	Astrodon Lapparent p. 39
1961	Astrodontonius Kuhn
1964	Astrodon Tatarinov p. 549
1966	Astrodon Romer p. 370
1970	Astrodon Steel p. 67
1970	Bothriospondylus robustus Steel p. 67
1970	Pelorosaurus mackesoni Steel p. 70
1970	Atlantosaurus minimus Steel p. 79
1973	Bothriospondylus robustus Delair p. 4
1974	Astrodon Langston p. 82
1979	Astrodon Madsen and Miller p. 5
1984	Astrodon Russell p. 23
1987	Astrodon Buscalioni and Sanz p. 66
1987	Astrodon Sanz et al. p. 48
1988	Astrodon Carroll
1990	Bothriospondylus robustus McIntosh p. 348
1990	Pelorosaurus mackesoni McIntosh p. 348
1997	Macronaria Sereno p. 444
1998	Macronaria Sereno p. 63
1998	Macronaria Wilson and Sereno p. 49
1999	Macronaria Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
1999	Macronaria Sereno et al. p. 1346 fig. 4
2002	Macronaria Wilson p. 240 fig. 13
2004	Macronaria Upchurch et al. p. 265
2005	Astrodon Carpenter and Tidwell p. 85
2005	Macronaria Gallina and Apesteguía p. 159 fig. 5
2005	Macronaria Taylor and Naish p. 2 fig. 1
2006	Apatosaurus minimus Mateus p. 231
2006	Macronaria Royo-Torres et al. p. 1926 fig. 3
2007	Macronaria Sánchez-Hernández et al. p. 197
2008	Macronaria Allain and Aquesbi p. 403
2010	Macronaria Suteethorn et al.
2012	Macronaria D'Emic
2015	Macronaria Xing et al.
2019	Macronaria Mannion et al.

References

Sereno P. C. (1997) The origin and evolution of dinosaurs, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 25, 435-489

Johnston C. Note upon odontology, The American Journal of Dental Science, new series 9, 337-343

Leidy J. Cretaceous reptiles of the United States, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge 192, 1-135

Cope E. D. , Synopsis of the Extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America. Part II. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 14, 105-235

Owen R. Monographs on the fossil Reptilia of the Mesozoic formations. Part II. (Genera Bothriospondylus, Cetiosaurus, Omosaurus) 29, 15-93

Sauvage H.-E. Notes sur les reptiles fossiles [Notes on fossil reptiles], Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 3e série 4, 435-444

Lydekker R. , Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History). Part I. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria. British Museum (Natural History), London, 1-309

Woodward A. S., Sherborn C. D. , A Catalogue of British Fossil Vertebrata. Dulao & Company, London, 1-396

Zittel K. A. v. , Handbuch der Palaeontologie. I. Abteilung Paleozoologie. III. Band. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves) [Handbook of Paleontology. Division I. Paleozoology. Volume III. Vertebrata (Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves)], xii-900

Lydekker R. On bones of a sauropodous dinosaur from Madagascar, Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 51, 329-336

Marsh O. C. The dinosaurs of North America, United States Geological Survey, 16th Annual Report, 1894-95 55, 133-244

Sauvage H.-E. Note sur les Poissons et les Reptiles du Jurassique inférieur du département de l'Indre [Note on the fishes and reptiles from the Lower Jurassic of the department of Indre], Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 3e série 28, 500-504

Van Den Broeck E. Les dépôts à Iguanodons de Bernissart et leur transfert dans l’étage Purbeckien ou Aquilonien du Jurassique supérieur. Exposé comprenant une revue de la faune des vertébrés du Purbeckien et du Wealdien dans le sud-est de l’Angleterre [The Iguanodon deposits of Bernissart and their transfer to the Purbeckian or Aquilonian stage of the Upper Jurassic. Presentation including a review of the vertebrate fauna of the Purbeckian and Wealden of southeast England ], Mémoires de la Société Belge de Géologie de Paléontologie et d’Hydrologie 14, 39-112

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Huene F. v. (1908) Die Dinosaurier der Europäischen Triasformation mit berücksichtigung der Ausseuropäischen vorkommnisse [The dinosaurs of the European Triassic formations with consideration of occurrences outside Europe], Geologische und Palaeontologische Abhandlungen Suppl. 1 1, 1-419

Woodward A. S. (1908) Note on Dinodocus mackesoni, a cetiosaurian from the Lower Greensand of Kent, Geological Magazine, decade 5 5, 204-206

Huene F. v. (1927) Sichtung der Grundlagen der jetzigen Kenntnis der Sauropoden [Sorting through the basis of the current knowledge of sauropods], Eclogae Geologica Helveticae 20, 444-470

Nopcsa B. F. (1928) The genera of reptiles, Palaeobiologica 1, 163-188

Romer A. S. (1956) , Osteology of the Reptiles, University of Chicago Press, 1-772

Lapparent A. F. d. (1960) Les Dinosauriens du "Continental intercalaire" du Saharal central [The dinosaurs of the "Continental Intercalaire" of the central Sahara], Mémoires de la Société géologique de France, nouvelle série 39 88A, 1-57

Tatarinov L. P. (1964) Nadotryad Dinosauria. Dinozavry [Superorder Dinosauria. Dinosaurs], Osnovy Paleontologii [Fundamentals of Paleontology] 12, 523-589

Romer A. S. (1966) , Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd edition, 1-468

Steel R. (1970) Part 14. Saurischia, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie/Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1-87

Delair J. B. (1973) The dinosaurs of Wiltshire, The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine 68, 1-7

Langston W. (1974) Nonmammalian Comanchean tetrapods, Aspects of Trinity Division Geology. A Symposium on the Stratigraphy, Sedimentary Environments, and Fauna of the Comanche Cretaceous Trinity Division (Aptian and Albian) of Texas and Northern Mexico. Geoscience and Man 8, 77-102

Russell D. A. (1984) A check list of the families and genera of North American dinosaurs, Syllogeus 53, 1-35

Sanz J. L., Buscalioni A. D., et al (1987) Dinosaurios del Cretácico inferior de Galve (Teruel, España) [Dinosaurs from the Lower Cretaceous of Galve (Teruel, Spain)], Estudios Geologicos, Volumen Extraordinario Galve-Tremp, 45-64

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

McIntosh J. S. (1990) Sauropoda, The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, 345-401

Sereno P. C. (1998) A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 210 1, 41-83

Wilson J. A., Sereno P. C. (1998) Early evolution and higher-level phylogeny of sauropod dinosaurs. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 5, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 2 (suppl.), 1-68

Sereno P. C. (1999) The evolution of dinosaurs, Science 284, 2137-2147

Sereno P. C., Beck A. L., et al (1999) Cretaceous sauropods from the Sahara and the uneven rate of skeletal evolution among dinosaurs, Science 286, 1342-1347

Wilson J. A. (2002) Sauropod dinosaur phylogeny: critique and cladistic analysis, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 136, 217-276

Upchurch P., Barrett P. M., et al (2004) Sauropoda, The Dinosauria (2nd edition). University of California Press, Berkeley, 259-322

Gallina P. A., Apesteguía S. (2005) Cathartesaura anaerobica gen. et sp. nov., a new rebbachisaurid (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Huincul Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Río Negro, Argentina, Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, nuevo serie 7 2, 153-166

Mateus O. (2006) Late Jurassic dinosaurs from the Morrison Formation (USA), the Lourinhã and Alcobaça Formations (Portugal), and the Tendaguru Beds (Tanzania): a comparison, Paleontology and Geology of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 36, 223-231

Royo-Torres R., Cobos A., et al (2006) A giant European dinosaur and a new sauropod clade, Science 314, 1925-1927

Sánchez-Hernández B., Benton M. J., et al (2007) Dinosaurs and other fossil vertebrates from the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous of the Galve area, NE Spain, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 249, 180-215 doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.01.009

Allain R., Aquesbi N. (2008) Anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Tazoudasaurus naimi (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the late Early Jurassic of Morocco, Geodiversitas 30 2, 345-424

Suteethorn S., Le Loeuff J., et al (2010) Description of topotypes of Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae, a sauropod from the Sao Khua Formation (Early Cretaceous) of Thailand, and their phylogenetic implications, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Abhandlungen 256 1, 109-121 doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2010/0036

D'Emic M. D. (2012) The early evolution of titanosauriform sauropod dinosaurs, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 166, 624-671

Xing L., Miyashita T., et al (2015) A new sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of China and the diversity, distribution, and relationships of mamenchisaurids, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35 1, e889701:1-17 doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.889701

Mannion P. D., Upchurch P., et al (2019) Taxonomic affinities of the putative titanosaurs from the Late Jurassic Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania: phylogenetic and biogeographic implications for eusauropod dinosaur evolution, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 185 3, 784-909 doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zly068/5300162

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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