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Deinosuchus

Description

Deinosuchus is an extinct genus of crocodilian related to the modern alligator that lived 82 to 73 million years ago (Ma), during the late Cretaceous period. The name translates as "terrible crocodile" and is derived from the Greek deinos (δεινός), "terrible", and soukhos (σοῦχος), "crocodile". The first remains were discovered in North Carolina (United States) in the 1850s; the genus was named and described in 1909. Additional fragments were discovered in the 1940s and were later incorporated into an influential, though inaccurate, skull reconstruction at the American Museum of Natural History. Knowledge of Deinosuchus remains incomplete, but better cranial material found in recent years has expanded scientific understanding of this massive predator.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4822222https://www.gbif.org/species/4822222
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)38442https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38442
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Deinosuchus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Deinosuchus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
-Pseudosuchia
-SuchiaKrebs 1974
-ParacrocodylomorphaParrish 1993
-Loricata
-Crocodylomorpha
suborderCrocodyliformesHay 1930
-MesoeucrocodyliaWhetstone and Whybrow 1983
-NeosuchiaClark 1988
suborderEusuchiaHuxley 1875
-Crocodylia
-BrevirostresCuvier
superfamilyAlligatoroideaGray 1844
-GlobidontaBrochu 1999
genusDeinosuchusHolland 1909
Scientific NameDeinosuchus Holland, 1909
Name Published InAnn. Carnegie Mus., 6
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Deinosuchusgenusbelongs to Crocodylidaestated without evidenceBaird and Horner, 1979
Deinosuchusgenusbelongs to CrocodylidaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Deinosuchusgenusbelongs to Alligatoroideastated with evidenceBrochu, 1999
Deinosuchusgenusbelongs to Globidontastated with evidenceMassonne et al., 2019
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)3
First Recorded Appearance83.6 - 72.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Last Recorded Appearance5.33 - 2.59 Ma
Cenozoic
Environmentmarine (based on Mesoeucrocodylia)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietcarnivore (based on Crocodylia)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deinosuchus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Deinosuchus riograndensis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
383.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
83.5 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Deinosuchus rugosus
species
listed (PBDB)1583.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
5.33 Ma
Miocene
Polyptychodon rugosus
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Pliogonodon priscus Leidy, 1856GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Crocodylia : Crocodylidae : Deinosuchus : Pliogonodon priscus

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1856Pliogonodon priscus Leidy p. 255
1869Polydectes Cope p. 192
1902Polydectes Hay p. 514
1902Pliogonodon priscus Hay p. 517
1909Deinosuchus Holland
1924Phobosuchus Nopcsa p. 378
1979Deinosuchus Baird and Horner p. 22
1988Deinosuchus Carroll
1988Polydectes Carroll
1999Deinosuchus Brochu
1999Deinosuchus Erickson and Brochu p. 205
2011Deinosuchus Puértolas et al.
2011Deinosuchus Rivera-Sylva et al.
2014Deinosuchus Farke et al.
2019Deinosuchus Massonne et al.
1856Pliogonodon priscus Leidy p. 255
1869Polydectes Cope p. 192
1902Polydectes Hay p. 514
1902Pliogonodon priscus Hay p. 517
1909Deinosuchus Holland
1924Phobosuchus Nopcsa p. 378
1930Phobosuchus Hay p. 156
1930Pliogonodon priscus Hay p. 158
1930Polydectes Hay p. 158
1979Deinosuchus Baird and Horner p. 22
1988Deinosuchus Carroll
1988Polydectes Carroll
YearName and Author
1999Deinosuchus Brochu
1999Deinosuchus Erickson and Brochu p. 205
2011Deinosuchus Puértolas et al.
2011Deinosuchus Rivera-Sylva et al.
2014Deinosuchus Farke et al.
2019Deinosuchus Massonne et al.
2020Deinosuchus Cossette and Brochu
1856Pliogonodon priscus Leidy p. 255
1869Polydectes Cope p. 192
1902Polydectes Hay p. 514
1902Pliogonodon priscus Hay p. 517
1909Deinosuchus Holland
1924Phobosuchus Nopcsa p. 378
1930Phobosuchus Hay p. 156
1930Pliogonodon priscus Hay p. 158
1930Polydectes Hay p. 158
1979Deinosuchus Baird and Horner p. 22
1988Deinosuchus Carroll
1988Polydectes Carroll
1999Deinosuchus Brochu
1999Deinosuchus Erickson and Brochu p. 205
2011Deinosuchus Puértolas et al.
2011Deinosuchus Rivera-Sylva et al.
2014Deinosuchus Farke et al.
2019Deinosuchus Massonne et al.
2020Deinosuchus Cossette and Brochu

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Leidy J. Notice of remains of extinct vertebrated animals discovered by Professor E. Emmons, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 8, 255-257
Cope E. D. [Remarks on Eschrichtius polyporus, Hypsibema crassicauda, Hadrosaurus tripos, and Polydectes biturgidus], Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 21, 191-192
Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868
Baird D., Horner J. R. (1979) Cretaceous dinosaurs of North Carolina, Brimleyana 2, 1-28
Brochu C. A. (1999) Phylogenetics, Taxonomy, and Historical Biogeography of Alligatoroidea, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19 S2, 9-100
Puértolas E., Canudo J. I., et al (2011) A new crocodylian from the late Maastrichtian of Spain: Implications for the initial radiation of crocodyloids, PLoS One 6 6, e20011:1-12 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020011
Rivera-Sylva H. E., Frey E., et al (2011) A Deinosuchus riograndensis (Eusuchia: Alligatoroidea) from Coahuila, North Mexico, Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 28 2, 267-274
Farke A. A., Henn M. M., et al (2014) Leidyosuchus (Crocodylia: Alligatoroidea) from the Upper Cretaceous Kaiporowits Formation (Late Campanian) of Utah, USA, PaleoBios 30 3, 72-88
Massonne T., Vasilyan D., et al (2019) A new alligatoroid from the Eocene of Vietnam highlights an extinct Asian clade independent from extant Alligator sinensis, PeerJ 7, e7562:1-60 doi:10.7717/peerj.7562
Hay O. P. (1930) Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America, Carnegie Institution of Washington 390 II, 1-1074
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Ann. Carnegie Mus., 6 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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