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Thalassodromeus

Description

Thalassodromeus is a genus of pterosaur that lived in what is now Brazil during the Early Cretaceous period, about 100 million years ago. Thalassodromeus had one of the largest known skulls among pterosaurs, around 1.42 m (4 ft 8 in) long, with one of the proportionally largest cranial crests of any vertebrate. Though only the skull is known, the animal is estimated to have had a wing span of 4.2 to 4.5 m (14 to 15 ft). The crest was lightly built and ran from the tip of the upper jaw to beyond the back of the skull, ending in a unique V-shaped notch. The jaws were toothless, and had sharp upper and lower edges. Its skull had large nasoantorbital fenestrae (opening that combined the antorbital fenestra in front of the eye with the bony nostril), and part of its palate was concave. The lower jaw was blade-like, and may have turned slightly upwards.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4818532https://www.gbif.org/species/4818532
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)134889https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=134889
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pterosauria : Tapejaridae : Thalassodromeus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Pterosauria : Thalassodromidae : Thalassodromeus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-PterosauromorphaPadian 1997
-Pterosauria
suborderPterodactyloideaPlieninger 1901
-LophocratiaUnwin 2003
superfamilyOrnithocheiroideaSeeley 1870
superfamilyAzhdarchoideaUnwin 1992
-NeoazhdarchiaUnwin 2003
superfamilyTapejaroideaKellner 1989
-ThalassodromidaeKellner and Campos 2007
genusThalassodromeusKellner & de Almeida Campos 2002
Scientific NameThalassodromeus Kellner & de Almeida Campos, 2002
Name Published InScience (Wash D C) 297 (5580), 19 July
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Thalassodromeusgenusbelongs to Tapejaridaestated with evidenceKellner and Campos, 2002
Thalassodromeusgenusbelongs to Neoazhdarchiastated with evidenceLü et al., 2006
Thalassodromeusgenusbelongs to Thalassodrominaestated with evidenceKellner and Campos, 2007
Thalassodromeusgenusbelongs to Neoazhdarchiastated without evidenceAndres et al., 2014
Thalassodromeusgenusbelongs to Thalassodromidaestated with evidenceHeadden and Campos, 2014
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
First Recorded Appearance112 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Last Recorded Appearance112 - 109 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Environmentmarine (based on Pterosauria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietpiscivore (based on Pterosauria)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)A. W. A. Kellner and D. A. Campos. 2002. The function of the cranial crest and jaws of a unique pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil. Science 297:389-392
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalassodromeus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Thalassodromeus sethi
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1112 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous
112 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
2002Thalassodromeus Kellner and Campos p. 389
2006Thalassodromeus Lü et al.
2007Thalassodromeus Kellner and Campos p. 5
2011Thalassodromeus Pinheiro et al.
2014Thalassodromeus Andres et al.
2014Thalassodromeus Headden and Campos

References

Kellner A. W. A., Campos D. A. (2002) The function of the cranial crest and jaws of a unique pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil, Science 297, 389-392
Lü J., Jin X., et al (2006) A new species of Huaxiapterus (Pterosauria: Pterodactyloidea) from the Lower Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China with comments on the systematics of tapejarid pterosaurs, Acta Geologica Sinica 80 3, 315-326
Kellner A. W. A., Campos D. A. (2007) Short note on the ingroup relationships of the Tapejaridae (Pterosauria: Pterodactyloidea), Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Sérue. Geologia 75, 1-14
Pinheiro F. L., Fortier D. C., et al (2011) New information on Tupandactylus imperator, with comments on the relationships of Tapejaridae (Pterosauria), Acta Palaeontologica Polonica doi:10.4202/app.2010.0057
Andres B., Clark J., et al (2014) The earliest pterodactyloid and the origin of the group, Current Biology 24, 1-6
Headden J. A., Campos H. B. N. (2014) An unusual edentulous pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous Romualdo Formation of Brazil, Historical Biology doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2014.904302
GBIF/Paleo Database - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Science (Wash D C) 297 (5580), 19 July - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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