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Ceratopogonidae
| Description | Ceratopogonidae is a family of flies commonly known as no-see-ums, or biting midges, generally 1–3 mm in length. The family includes more than 5,000 species, distributed worldwide, apart from the Antarctic and the Arctic. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceratopogonidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | family | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Ceratopogonidae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Common Name | biting midge | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific Name | Ceratopogonidae | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Name Published In | Newman, E. (1834). Attempted division of British insects into natural orders. Entomological Magazine. 2, 379–431. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 390 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 59 (15%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 145 - 140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environment | terrestrial (based on Insecta) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | actively mobile (based on Arthropoda) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | chitin (based on Insecta) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | F. M. Carpenter. 1992. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4:1-655 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name(s) | Biting Midges, Knutten, Svidknott, Sviknott, ヌカカ, Knijten Of Knutjes, Biting Midge, No-see-ums, Brûlots, Cératopogonidés, Moucherons Piqueurs, Punkies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceratopogonidae |
External Images
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atriculicoidinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 36 | 112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Bezziinae subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Ceratopogoninae subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 536 | 99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Dasyheleinae subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 101 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Forcipomyiinae subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 124 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Lebanoculicoidinae ✝ subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 7 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Leptoconopinae subfamily | listed (PBDB) | 99 | 145 Ma Late Jurassic | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Acanthohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Adelohelea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Afrohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Afrostilobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Agilihelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Alautunmyia ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Allohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Alluaudomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Amerohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ankylohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Archiaustroconops ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 28 | 145 Ma Late Jurassic | 99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Archiculicoides ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 3 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Atrichopogon genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Atyphohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Austroconops genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 19 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Austrohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 28.1 Ma Oligocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Austrosphaeromias genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Avaritia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Baeodasymyia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 2 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Baeohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Bahiahelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Boreohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Borkenthelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bothahelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bothamia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Brachycretacea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Brachypogon genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 48 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Cacaohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Calyptopogon genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Camptopterohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Capehelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ceratoculicoides genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Ceratopalpomyia ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 38.0 Ma Eocene | |
| Ceratopogon genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 78 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Chelohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Clastrieromyia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Clinohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Crispomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Culicoides genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Dacnoforcipomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Dasyhelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 101 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Diaphanobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Dibezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Dicryptoscena genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Downeshelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Echinohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Eohelea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 30 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 38.0 Ma Eocene | |
| Euprojoannisia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Fanthamia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Fittkauhelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Forcipomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 120 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Fossihelea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 14 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 38.0 Ma Eocene | |
| Fossileptoconops ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Gedanohelea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 8 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 38.0 Ma Eocene | |
| Gerontodacus ✝ genus | listed (PBDB) | 9 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Groganhelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Hebetula genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Heleageron ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 6 | 93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Heteroceratopogon genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Heterohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Heteromyia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Homohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Indobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Isthmohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Jenkinshelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Johannsenomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Jordanoconops ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Kolenohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lanatomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lanehelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lasiohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lebanoculicoides ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 7 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 112 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | |
| Leehelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lepidohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Leptoconops genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 35 | 129 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Leptohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Luciamyia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Mackerrasomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Macropeza genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Macrurohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Mallochohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Mantohelea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 9 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 38.0 Ma Eocene | |
| Metacanthohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Metahelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Meunierohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 23 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Minyohelea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 15 | 133 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Monohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 17 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Nannohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 12 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Nemoromyia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Neobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Neoculicoides genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Neohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Neosphaeromias genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Neurobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Neurohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 7 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Nilobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Niphanohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Notiohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Notoceratopogon genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pachyhelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Palaeobrachypogon ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 17 | 93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Palpomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 26 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Parabezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Paradasyhelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Parastilobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Paryphoconus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pellucidomyia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Peronehelea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 11 | 85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Phaenobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 20.4 Ma Miocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Physohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 4 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Probezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Protoculicoides ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 6 | 130 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Pseudostilobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Rhynchohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Schizohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Schizonyxhelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Serromyia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 29 | 56.0 Ma Paleocene | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Sinhalohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sphaerohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sphaeromias genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Spinellihelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Stenoxenus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Stilobezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 36 | 93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Stiloculicoides genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tetrabezzia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Trithecoides genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Washingtonhelea genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 0 Ma Extant | |||
| Wirthohelea ✝ genus | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 38.0 Ma Eocene | 38.0 Ma Eocene | |
| Xenohelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Atrichipogon briani species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Foncipomyia tooheyae species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Paryphocunus brunneipennis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Stilobrezzia succinea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Obsolete Names
| Name | Source | Taxon Rank | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simulium terribilis Förster, 1891 | GBIF | species | Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Ceratopogonidae : Simulium terribilis |
| Sinopogonites eocenicus Hong, 2002 | GBIF | species | Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Ceratopogonidae : Sinopogonites eocenicus |
| Heleidae | GBIF | family | Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Heleidae |
| Simulia pasithea von Heyden, 1870 | GBIF | species | Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Diptera : Ceratopogonidae : Simulia pasithea |
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1834 | Ceratopogonidae Newman p. 222 |
| 1870 | Simulia pasithea von Heyden p. 238 figs. Pl 44, fig 1 |
| 1891 | Simulium terribilis Förster p. 467 figs. Pl 14, fig 11 |
| 1988 | Ceratopogonidae Grogan and Szadziewski |
| 1992 | Ceratopogonidae Carpenter |
| 2002 | Sinopogonitinae Hong p. 109 |
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 2002 | Sinopogonites Hong p. 167 |
| 2002 | Sinopogonites eocenicus Hong p. 168 |
| 2007 | Ceratopogonidae Yeates et al. |
| 2013 | Sinopogonites Borkent p. 172 |
| 2013 | Sinopogonites eocenicus Borkent p. 172 |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
