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Diprotodontidae ✝

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Description

The Diprotodontidae are an extinct family of large marsupials, endemic to what would be Australia, during the Oligocene through Pleistocene periods from 28.4 million to 11,000 years ago. Also referred to as giant wombats, the family includes the largest marsupial that ever lived, the enormous wombat-like Diprotodon.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diprotodontidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	3240121	https://www.gbif.org/species/3240121
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	40185	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=40185

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Diprotodontia : Diprotodontidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Theriamorpha
-	Theriiformes
-	Trechnotheria	McKenna 1975
-	Cladotheria	McKenna 1975
-	Boreosphenida
subclass	Theria	Parker and Haswell 1897
subclass	Metatheria
-	Marsupialia
-	Australidelphia	Szalay 1982
order	Diprotodontia	Owen 1866
superfamily	Phascolomyoidea
family	Diprotodontidae	Gill 1872

Scientific Name

Diprotodontidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Diprotodontidae	family	belongs to Diprotodontia	stated without evidence	Cope, 1889
Diprotodontidae	family	belongs to Marsupialia	stated without evidence	Lydekker, 1894
Diprotodontidae	family	belongs to Diprotodontia	stated with evidence	Gadow, 1898
Diprotodontidae	family	belongs to Phascolomyoidea	stated with evidence	Pocock, 1921
Diprotodontidae	family	belongs to Diprotodonta	stated without evidence	Marshall, 1974
Diprotodontidae	family	belongs to Vombatoidea	implied	McKenna and Bell, 1997
Diprotodontidae	family	belongs to Vombatomorphia	stated without evidence	Mackness et al., 2015

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 23.0 Ma
Cenozoic

Last Recorded Appearance

0.13 Ma
Pleistocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Mammalia)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

omnivore (based on Marsupialia)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Theria)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

M. C. McKenna and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diprotodontidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Diprotodontinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)
Zygomaturinae ✝ subfamily	listed (PBDB)		32	28.4 Ma Oligocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Bematherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	16.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Brachalletes ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Diprotodon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		69	23.0 Ma Miocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Euowenia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	5.33 Ma Miocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Euryzygoma ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	5.33 Ma Miocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Hulitherium genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Koalemus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Kolopsis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	11.6 Ma Miocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Kolopsoides ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	3.60 Ma Pliocene	3.60 Ma Pliocene
Kukaodonta ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Maokopia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Meniscolophus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Neohelos ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	16.0 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Nototherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	5.33 Ma Miocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Plaisiodon ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pyramios ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Raemeotherium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	28.4 Ma Oligocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Sthenmerus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Zygomaturus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		21	7.25 Ma Miocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Chronozoon australae De Vis, 1883	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Diprotodontia : Diprotodontidae : *Chronozoon australae*
Chronozoon australe De Vis, 1883	GBIF	species	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Diprotodontia : Diprotodontidae : *Chronozoon australe*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1872	Diprotodontidae Gill
1883	Chronozoon De Vis
1883	Chronozoon australae De Vis
1885	Chronozoon australe Woodward p. 424
1889	Diprotodontidae Cope p. 876
1891	Diprotodontidae Flower and Lydekker p. 89
1894	Diprotodontidae Lydekker p. 261
1898	Diprotodontidae Gadow p. 41

Year	Name and Author
1898	Chronozoon Trouessart p. 1006
1904	Chronozoon Trouessart p. 751
1904	Chronozoon australe Trouessart p. 751
1921	Diprotodontidae Pocock p. 606
1974	Diprotodontidae Marshall p. 66
1997	Diprotodontidae McKenna and Bell
2015	Diprotodontidae Mackness et al. p. 165

References

McKenna M. C., Bell S. K. (1997) , Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level, 1-640

Cope E. D. Synopsis of the families of Vertebrata, The American Naturalist 23, 1-29

Lydekker R. , A Hand-Book to the Marsupialia and Monotremata, 1-302

Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82

Trouessart E. L. , Catalogus mammalium tam viventium quam fossilum 5, 665-1264

Trouessart E. L. (1904) , Catalogus Mammalium Tam Viventium Quam Fossilium, Fourth Edition, 1-929

Pocock R. I. (1921) The External Characters of the Koala (Phascolarctos) and some related Marsupials, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 91 3, 591-607 doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1921.tb03283.x

Marshall L. G. (1974) Late Pleistocene mammals from the "Keilor cranium site," southern Victoria, Australia, Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 35, 63-86

Mackness B., Black K. H., et al (2015) Occurrence of Euowenia grata (De Vis, 1887) (Diprotodontidae, Marsupialia) from the Pliocene Spring Park Local Fauna, northeastern Queensland, Alcheringa 39 2, 164-174

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000 / web search - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K. (1997). Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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