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Anhinga melanogaster

Description

The Oriental darter or Indian darter (Anhinga melanogaster) is a water bird of tropical South Asia and Southeast Asia. It has a long and slender neck with a straight, pointed bill and, like the cormorant, it hunts for fish while its body is submerged in water. It spears a fish underwater, bringing it above the surface, tossing and juggling it before swallowing the fish head first. The body remains submerged as it swims, and the slender neck alone is visible above the water, which accounts for the colloquial name of snakebird. Like the cormorants, it has wettable feathers and it is often found perched on a rock or branch with its wings held open to dry.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)2482081https://www.gbif.org/species/2482081
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)367451https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=367451
Rankspecies
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Anhingidae : Anhinga : Anhinga melanogaster
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Suliformes : Anhingidae : Anhinga : Anhinga melanogaster
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
orderSuliformesSharpe 1891
familyAnhingidaeRidgway 1887
genusAnhingaBrisson 1760
speciesAnhinga melanogasterPennant 1769
Generic NameAnhinga
Common Nameoriental darter
Scientific NameAnhinga melanogaster Pennant, 1769
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Anhinga melanogasterspeciesbelongs to Anhingastated without evidencePennant, 1769
Anhinga melanogasterspeciesbelongs to Anhingastated with evidenceMcNamara, 1990
Anhinga melanogasterspeciesbelongs to Anhingastated without evidenceLouchart et al., 2008
Anhinga melanogasterspeciesbelongs to Anhingastated with evidenceClements et al., 2017
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)1
Extant Size (PBDB)1 (100%)
First Recorded Appearance11.6 - 5.3 Ma
Miocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Theropoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietcarnivore (based on Coelurosauria)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)A. Louchart, Y. Haile-Selassie, and P. Vignaud, A. Likius, M. Brunet. 2008. Fossil birds from the Late Miocene of Chad and Ethiopia and zooge- ographical implications. Oryctos 7:147-167
Common Name(s) Oriental Darter, Anhinga Roux, Indien-schlangenhalsvogel, Indische Slangenhalsvogel, Anhinga, Darter, Yilanboyun, Indischer Schlangenhalsvogel, Anhinga Asiática, Aninga Comune, Indisk Slangehalsfugl, Orient-schlangenhalsvogel, Orientslangehals, Aasia Madukael, Afriški Kačjevratnik, Anhinga Asiàtic, Anhinga Rezavá, Anhinga Tmavobruchá, Biguatinga-de-pescoço-vermelho / Mergulhão-serpente, Feketehasú Kígyónyakúmadár, Indinis žalčiagalvis, Indisk Ormhalsfågel, Käärmekaula, Wężówka Indyjska, Чернобрюхая змеешейка, นกอ้ายงั่ว, アジアヘビウ, 黑腹蛇鵜, 黑腹蛇鹈, Indian Darter
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anhinga_melanogaster

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Anhinga melanogaster melanogaster
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Anhinga melanogaster vulsini
subspecies
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1769Anhinga melanogaster Pennant
1990Anhinga melanogaster McNamara p. 291 fig. 5D,E
2008Anhinga melanogaster Louchart et al. p. 153
2013Anhinga melanogaster Goodman et al.
2014Anhinga melanogaster del Hoyo et al.
2017Anhinga melanogaster Clements et al.

References

Louchart A., Haile-Selassie Y., et al (2008) Fossil birds from the Late Miocene of Chad and Ethiopia and zooge- ographical implications, Oryctos 7, 147-167
McNamara G. C. (1990) The Wyandotte Local Fauna: A New, Dated, Pleistocene Vertebrate Fauna from Northern Queensland, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 28, 285-297
Goodman S. M., Raherilalao M. J., et al (2013) Bird fossils from Ankilitelo Cave: inference about Holocene environmental\r\nchanges in southwestern Madagascar, Zootaxa 3750, 534-548
del Hoyo J., Collar N. J., et al (2014) HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines, 1-904
Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017
King, C.M.; Roberts, C.D.; Bell, B.D.; Fordyce, R.E.; Nicoll, R.S.; Worthy, T.H.; Paulin, C.D.; Hitchmough, R.A.; Keyes, I.W.; Baker, A.N.; Stewart, A.L.; Hiller, N.; McDowall, R.M.; Holdaway, R.N.; McPhee, R.P.; Schwarzhans, W.W.; Tennyson, A.J.D.; Rust, S.; Macadie, I. (2009). Phylum Chordata: lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. pp. 431-554. - via World Register of Marine Species
Brown, L.H., E.K. Urban & K. Newman. (1982). The Birds of Africa, Volume I. Academic Press, London. - via World Register of Marine Species
Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright, 2006: null. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
(1996) database, NODC Taxonomic Code - via Catalogue of Life
(2011) Zoonomen - Zoological Nomenclature Resource, 2011.01.03 - via Catalogue of Life
Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names - via Catalogue of Life
(2011) IOC World Bird List, Master List v2.9 - via Catalogue of Life
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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