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Rangifer

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Description

Rangifer may refer to:

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangifer, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2440913	https://www.gbif.org/species/2440913
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	42688	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42688

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : Rangifer

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : Rangifer

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
order	Ungulata
order	Artiodactyla	Owen 1848
-	Ruminantiamorpha	Spaulding et al. 2009
-	Ruminantia
-	Pecora
family	Cervidae	Gray 1821
-	Telemetacarpalia
tribe	Rangiferini
genus	Rangifer	Smith 1827

Common Name

reindeer

Scientific Name

Rangifer Smith, 1827

Name Published In

in Griffith’s Cuvier, Anim. Kingd., Mamm. Syn.: 304

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Cervidae	stated without evidence	Hamilton-Smith, 1827
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Cervinae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Cervidae	stated without evidence	Schultz and Howard, 1935
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Odocoileinae	stated without evidence	Kurten and Anderson, 1980
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Cervidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Cervidae	stated without evidence	Shoshani et al., 1989
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Odocoileinae	stated with evidence	Webb, 1992
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Rangiferini	stated without evidence	Grubb, 2000
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Rangiferini	stated with evidence	Hassanin and Douzery, 2003
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Odocoileinae	stated without evidence	Agnarsson and May-Collado, 2008
Rangifer	genus	belongs to Cervidae	stated without evidence	Albright et al., 2019

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

4 (100%)

First Recorded Appearance

16.0 - 1.8 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Artiodactyla)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

grazer, browser (based on Cervidae)

Reproduction

viviparous (based on Cervidae)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals.

Common Name(s)

Caribou, Reindeer

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rangifer

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Rangifer arcticus species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Rangifer caribou species	listed (PBDB)		3	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Rangifer montanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Rangifer tarandus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Reindeer	70	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Tarandus Billberg, 1828	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Tarandus*
Procervus Blainville, 1840	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Procervus*
Rangifer Frisch, 1775	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Rangifer*
Tarandus Gray, 1825	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Tarandus*
Procerus Serres, 1832	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Procerus*
Achlis Reichenbach, 1845	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Cervidae : *Achlis*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1827	Rangifer Hamilton-Smith
1902	Rangifer Hay p. 686
1935	Rangifer Schultz and Howard p. 287
1967	Rangifer Wilson p. 219
1980	Rangifer Kurten and Anderson p. 310
1988	Rangifer Carroll

Year	Name and Author
1989	Rangifer Shoshani et al. p. 436
1992	Rangifer Webb p. 409
2000	Rangifer Grubb p. 302
2003	Rangifer Hassanin and Douzery p. 212
2008	Rangifer Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 978 figs. Fig. 5
2019	Rangifer Albright et al. p. 188

References

Alroy J. (2002) Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Schultz C. B., Howard E. B. (1935) The fauna of Burnet Cave, Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexico, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 87, 273-298

Wilson R. L. (1967) The Pleistocene vertebrates of Michigan, Papers of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters 52, 197-234

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Shoshani J., Fisher D. C., et al (1989) The Shelton Mastodon Site: Multidisciplinary study of a late Pleistocene (Twocreekan) locality in Southeastern Michigan, Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 27 14, 393-436

Webb S. D. (1992) A cranium of Navahoceros and its phylogenetic place among New World cervidae, Annales Zoologici Fennici 28, 401-410

Grubb P. (2000) Valid and invalid nomenclature of living and fossil deer, Cervidae, Acta Theriologica 45 3, 289-307

Hassanin A., Douzery E. J. P. (2003) Molecular and morphological phylogenies of Ruminantia and the alternative position of the Moschidae, Systematic Biology 52 2, 206-228

Agnarsson I., May-Collado L. J. (2008) The phylogeny of Cetartiodactyla: The importance of dense taxon sampling, missing data, and the remarkable promise of cytochrome b to provide reliable species-level phylogenies, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48, 964-985

Albright L. B., Sanders A. E., et al (2019) Cenozoic vertebrate biostratigraphy of South Carolina, U.S.A. and additions to the fauna, Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History 57 2, 77-236

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 91 Thirty-five generic names of Mammals placed on the Official List of Generic Names.Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 73(4), 1 (1926) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.M (eds) (2005) Mammal Species of the World. 3rd ed. The John Hopkins University Press. Baltimore. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Griffiths' Cuvier, Anim. Kingd., Mamm., Syn. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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