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Spiriferoidea ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	94948	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=94948

Rank

superfamily (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Brachiopoda : Rhynchonellata : Spiriferida : Spiriferoidea

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
-	Lophophorata
phylum	Brachiopoda	Cuvier 1805
subphylum	Rhynchonelliformea	Williams et al. 1996
class	Rhynchonellata	Williams et al. 1996
order	Spiriferida	Waagen 1883
suborder	Spiriferidina	Waagen 1883
superfamily	Spiriferoidea

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Spiriferoidea	superfamily	belongs to Articulata	stated without evidence	Talent, 1963
Spiriferoidea	superfamily	belongs to Spiriferida	stated without evidence	Brunton and Champion, 1974
Spiriferoidea	superfamily	belongs to Brachiopoda	stated without evidence	Johnson, 1975
Spiriferoidea	superfamily	belongs to Spiriferidina	stated without evidence	Savage et al., 1978
Spiriferoidea	superfamily	belongs to Spiriferidina	stated with evidence	Jin and Chatterton, 1997
Spiriferoidea	superfamily	belongs to Spiriferidina	stated without evidence	Shen et al., 2003
Spiriferoidea	superfamily	belongs to Spiriferidina	stated with evidence	Waterhouse, 2004

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

548

First Recorded Appearance

450 - 444 Ma
Paleozoic

Last Recorded Appearance

209 - 201 Ma
Mesozoic

Motility

stationary (based on Spiriferida)

Vision

blind (based on Rhynchonellata)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Spiriferida)

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Brachiopoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

W. King. 1846. Remarks on certain genera belonging to the class Palliobranchiata. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 1 183:26-42

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Reticulariacea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)	2	388 Ma Middle Devonian	331 Ma Carboniferous
Aulidospiridae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Choristitidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	207	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	254 Ma Permian
Imbrexiidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	17	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	345 Ma Carboniferous
Spiriferellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,102	354 Ma Carboniferous	254 Ma Permian
Spiriferidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1,758	450 Ma Late/Upper Ordovician	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Trigonotretidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2,370	359 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	254 Ma Permian

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1846	Spiriferacea King
1963	Spiriferacea Talent p. 78
1974	Spiriferacea Brunton and Champion p. 834
1975	Spiriferoidea Johnson p. 969
1978	Spiriferacea Savage et al. p. 375
1997	Spiriferoidea Jin and Chatterton
2003	Spiriferoidea Shen et al. p. 242
2004	Spiriferoidea Waterhouse
2006	Spiriferoidea Williams et al. p. 1769

References

King W. Remarks on certain genera belonging to the class Palliobranchiata, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 1 183, 26-42

Talent J. A. (1963) The Devonian of the Mitchell and Wentworth Rivers, Geological Survey of Victoria Memoir 24, 1-118

Brunton C. H. C., Champion C. (1974) A Lower Carboniferous brachiopod fauna from the Manifold Valley, Staffordshire, Palaeontology 17 4, 811-840

Johnson J. G. (1975) Late Early Devonian brachiopods from the Disappointment Bay Formation, Lowther Island, Arctic Canada, Journal of Paleontology 49 6, 947-978

Savage N. M., Eberlein G. D., et al (1978) Upper Devonian brachiopods from the Port Refugio Formation, Suemez Island, southeastern Alaska, Journal of Paleontology 52 2, 370-393

Jin J., Chatterton B. D. E. (1997) Latest Ordovician-Silurian articulate brachiopods and biostratigraphy of the Avalanche Lake area, southwestern District of Mackenzie, Canada, Palaeontographica Canadiana 13, 1-62

Shen S. Z., Shi G. R., et al (2003) A Wuchiapingian (Late Permian) brachiopod fauna from an exotic block in the Indus-Tsangpo Suture Zone, southern Tibet, and its palaeobiogeographical and tectonic implications, Palaeontology 46 2, 225-256

Waterhouse J. B. (2004) Permian and Triassic stratigraphy and fossils of the Himalaya in northern Nepal, Earthwise 6, 1-259

Williams A., Brunton C. H. C., et al (2006) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part H, Brachiopoda. Volume 5: Rhynchonelliformea (part) 5, 1689-2320

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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