Reference: Ricci, C. A. (1997). The Antarctic Region: Geological Evolution and Processes; Proceedings of the VII International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences, Siena, 1995. Terra Antartica Publ., 511-521

ⓘ Aenigmatite

Formula: Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'

ⓘ 'Hornblende'

ⓘ 'Hypersthene'

Formula: (Mg,Fe)SiO₃

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

ⓘ Kaersutite

Formula: NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aenigmatite	9.DH.40	Na₄[Fe²⁺₁₀Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Kaersutite	9.DE.15	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc.
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'var. Perthite'	-
ⓘ	'Hornblende'	-
ⓘ	'Hypersthene'	-	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
ⓘ	'Plagioclase'	-	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Hypersthene	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
O	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Na	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Hypersthene	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
Mg	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Al	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Hypersthene	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Si	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Plagioclase	(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi₂]O₈
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Ti	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Hypersthene	(Mg,Fe)SiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aenigmatite	Na₄[Fe₁₀²⁺Ti₂]O₄[Si₁₂O₃₆]
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂ or Simplified: K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Eocene : 43.78 ± 0.57 Ma to 42.5 ± 0.4 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

ⓘ Benmoreite	42.5 ± 0.4 Ma
ⓘ Tephrite	43.78 ± 0.57 Ma

References

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Woolley A.R. (2019) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe, p. 19

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

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