The host rock of the nonsulfide mineralization is predominantly a limestone belonging to the upper levels of the Condorsinga Formation, with intercalations of siliciclastic material: quartz and feldspar, with minor monazite, xenotime, and zircon. The nonsulfide mineralization occurs as accumulations in karst depressions and cavities, commonly in form of collapse breccias. The karst cavities developed during the Miocene—Pliocene Andean tectonics, along northwest-southeast fractures and faults and locally along stratification joints, and overprinted the Cretaceous karstified surface of the Condorsinga Formation.

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Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.

ⓘ Zinc

Mineral List

9 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

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Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

ⓘ Breccia

ⓘ Limestone

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

References:

Arfè, Giuseppe, Nicola Mondillo, Giuseppina Balassone, Maria Boni, Piergiulio Cappelletti, and Tommaso Di Palma. (2017) "Identification of Zn-Bearing Micas and Clays from the Cristal and Mina Grande Zinc Deposits (Bongará Province, Amazonas Region, Northern Peru)" Minerals 7, no. 11: 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7110214

ⓘ Fraipontite

Formula: (Zn,Al)₃((Si,Al)₂O₅)(OH)₄

References:

Balassone, G., Scognamiglio, V., Nieto, F., Mondillo, N., Boni, M., Cappelletti, P., & Arfè, G. (2020). The nature of Zn-phyllosilicates in the nonsulfide Mina Grande and Cristal zinc deposits (Bongará District, Northern Peru): The TEM-HRTEM and AEM perspective. American Mineralogist, 105(8), 1223-1241.

ⓘ Hemimorphite

Formula: Zn₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂ · H₂O

References:

ⓘ Hydrotalcite

Formula: Mg₆Al₂(CO₃)(OH)₁₆ · 4H₂O

References:

ⓘ 'Hydrotalcite Group'

Formula: M₆R³⁺₂(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl

References:

ⓘ Hydrozincite

Formula: Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆

References:

ⓘ 'Limonite'

References:

ⓘ 'Monazite'

Formula: REE(PO₄)

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

ⓘ Smithsonite

Formula: ZnCO₃

References:

ⓘ 'Xenotime'

References:

ⓘ Zaccagnaite

Formula: Zn₄Al₂(OH)₁₂[CO₃] · 3H₂O

References:

ⓘ 'Zaccagnaite-3R'

References:

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

References:

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Smithsonite	5.AB.05	ZnCO₃
ⓘ	Hydrozincite	5.BA.15	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
ⓘ	Zaccagnaite	5.DA.45	Zn₄Al₂(OH)₁₂[CO₃] · 3H₂O
ⓘ	Hydrotalcite	5.DA.50	Mg₆Al₂(CO₃)(OH)₁₆ · 4H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Hemimorphite	9.BD.10	Zn₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂ · H₂O
ⓘ	Muscovite	9.EC.15	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Fraipontite	9.ED.15	(Zn,Al)₃((Si,Al)₂O₅)(OH)₄
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Feldspar Group'	-
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Monazite'	-	REE(PO₄)
ⓘ	'Xenotime'	-
ⓘ	'Hydrotalcite Group'	-	M₆R³⁺₂(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
ⓘ	'Zaccagnaite-3R'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Fraipontite	(Zn,Al)₃((Si,Al)₂O₅)(OH)₄
H	ⓘ Hemimorphite	Zn₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂ · H₂O
H	ⓘ Hydrotalcite	Mg₆Al₂(CO₃)(OH)₁₆ · 4H₂O
H	ⓘ Hydrozincite	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
H	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Zaccagnaite	Zn₄Al₂(OH)₁₂[CO₃] · 3H₂O
H	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Hydrotalcite	Mg₆Al₂(CO₃)(OH)₁₆ · 4H₂O
C	ⓘ Hydrozincite	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
C	ⓘ Smithsonite	ZnCO₃
C	ⓘ Zaccagnaite	Zn₄Al₂(OH)₁₂[CO₃] · 3H₂O
C	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Fraipontite	(Zn,Al)₃((Si,Al)₂O₅)(OH)₄
O	ⓘ Hemimorphite	Zn₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂ · H₂O
O	ⓘ Hydrotalcite	Mg₆Al₂(CO₃)(OH)₁₆ · 4H₂O
O	ⓘ Hydrozincite	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
O	ⓘ Monazite	REE(PO₄)
O	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Smithsonite	ZnCO₃
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Zaccagnaite	Zn₄Al₂(OH)₁₂[CO₃] · 3H₂O
O	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Hydrotalcite	Mg₆Al₂(CO₃)(OH)₁₆ · 4H₂O
Mg	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Fraipontite	(Zn,Al)₃((Si,Al)₂O₅)(OH)₄
Al	ⓘ Hydrotalcite	Mg₆Al₂(CO₃)(OH)₁₆ · 4H₂O
Al	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Zaccagnaite	Zn₄Al₂(OH)₁₂[CO₃] · 3H₂O
Al	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Fraipontite	(Zn,Al)₃((Si,Al)₂O₅)(OH)₄
Si	ⓘ Hemimorphite	Zn₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂ · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Monazite	REE(PO₄)
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Muscovite	KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Cr	Chromium
Cr	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
Co	Cobalt
Co	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Hydrotalcite Group	M₆R₂³⁺(OH)₁₆Z · 4H₂O, where M=Mg, Fe, Ni, R³⁺ = Al, Cr, Co or Fe, and Z=CO₃, Cl
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Fraipontite	(Zn,Al)₃((Si,Al)₂O₅)(OH)₄
Zn	ⓘ Hemimorphite	Zn₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂ · H₂O
Zn	ⓘ Hydrozincite	Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
Zn	ⓘ Smithsonite	ZnCO₃
Zn	ⓘ Zaccagnaite	Zn₄Al₂(OH)₁₂[CO₃] · 3H₂O
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

South AmericaContinent

AndesMountain Range

South America PlateTectonic Plate

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References

Arfè, G., Mondillo, N., Boni, M., Joachimski, M., Balassone, G., Mormone, A., ... & Medrano, E. C. (2017). The Cristal Zn prospect (Amazonas region, Northern Peru). Part II: An example of supergene enrichments in tropical areas. Ore Geology Reviews.

Tommaso Di Palma. (2017) "Identification of Zn-Bearing Micas and Clays from the Cristal and Mina Grande Zinc Deposits (Bongará Province, Amazonas Region, Northern Peru)" Minerals 7, no. 11: 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/min7110214

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