Volk Island (Volkostrov), Medvezhyegorsky District, Republic of Karelia, Russiai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Volk Island (Volkostrov) | Island |
| Medvezhyegorsky District | District |
| Republic of Karelia | Republic |
| Russia | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
62° 7' 5'' North , 35° 12' 27'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Locality type:
Köppen climate type:
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Wolf Island; Wolfostroff island
Other Languages:
German:
Insel Wolkostroff (Wolfinsel)), Medweschjegorski rajon, Republik Karelien, Russland
Russian:
Волкостров (Волк-остров; остров Волк), Медвежьегорский район, Республика Карелия, Россия
Island in the Lake Onega, located 1 km north of Kizhi Island.
The discovery of the amethyst occurrence on the island in 1798 is attributed to Adam V. Armstrong, when he was member of the management team of the Petrozavodsk cannon foundry. The best specimens of his amethyst collection are presently on display at the Mining Museum in Saint-Petersburg.
The amethyst occurrence is confined to the zone of a tectonic fault, in diabases and shungite-bearing shales of Lower Proterozoic age. Mineralised fissures and quartz-amethyst veinlets 0.5-4 cm thick have been observed at the outcrop of shungite-bearing shales. However, most of amethyst findings are related to the rocky debris in surface sediments. This debris is represented by silicified and partly limonitised rocks with quartz-amethyst veinlets and geodic cavities filled with crystals of smoky quartz, amethyst, acicular goethite, rare calcite and scaly hematite.
At the beginning of the 19th century, specimens of amethyst from Volk Island reached some European mineralogists/naturalists. The first description of the black and yellow-brown hair-like inclusions in amethyst was published in 1802 in Brünn (Brno) in the Patriotisches Tageblatt by Christian Carl André. For this mineral was proposed the name onegite, after Lake Onega in which the island is located. Later, due to a new description of the acicular inclusions given by Alexandre Foullon (1812), the name foullonite or fullonite was used particularly in France for a certain time. Vasily Severgin showed that the acicular mineral is an iron oxide-hydroxide (Severguine, 1827) and, consequently, the mineral was classified as goethite.
Rare small crystals of chalcopyrite, pyrite and a green uranium mica were observed by Gustav Rose on some amethyst specimens of the Foullon collection (Rose, 1837).
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Reference: Foullon, A. (1812) Notices sur une production minérale du Gouvernement d'Olonetz. Mémoires de la Société des naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 3, 289-298; Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48; Starikov, Yu.I. [Стариков, Ю.И.] (1980) Report on the results of detailed prospecting works on collectors' raw materials, carried out in the Karelian-Kola region in the years 1978-80 [Отчет о результатах детальных поисковых работ на коллекционное сырье, проведенных в Карело-Кольском регионе за 1978-80 гг.]. Production Association "Severkvartssamotsvety" [ПО "Северкварцсамоцветы"], Leningrad (in Russian); Lavrov, O.B. [Лавров, О.Б.] (2019) History of the study of amethyst and associated mineralization from Volkostrov island (Lake Onega, Karelia) [История изучения аметистовой и сопутствующей минерализации острова Волкостров (Онежское озеро, Карелия)]. In: «Mineralogical museums 2019. Mineralogy yesterday, today, tomorrow». Proceedings of the scientific conference [«Минералогические музеи – 2019. Минералогия вчера, сегодня, завтра». Материалы научной конференции]. Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, 41-42 (in Russian). |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Reference: Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48. |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH) Reference: Severguine, Basile [Severgin, Vasily] (1827) Notice sur l’oxide de fer en forme d’aigulles qui se trouve sur les amethysts de l’isle de Kija en Onega. Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae, 13, 395-396; Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48; Starikov, Yu.I. [Стариков, Ю.И.] (1980) Report on the results of detailed prospecting works on collectors' raw materials, carried out in the Karelian-Kola region in the years 1978-80 [Отчет о результатах детальных поисковых работ на коллекционное сырье, проведенных в Карело-Кольском регионе за 1978-80 гг.]. Production Association "Severkvartssamotsvety" [ПО "Северкварцсамоцветы"], Leningrad (in Russian); Lavrov, O.B. [Лавров, О.Б.] (2019) History of the study of amethyst and associated mineralization from Volkostrov island (Lake Onega, Karelia) [История изучения аметистовой и сопутствующей минерализации острова Волкостров (Онежское озеро, Карелия)]. In: «Mineralogical museums 2019. Mineralogy yesterday, today, tomorrow». Proceedings of the scientific conference [«Минералогические музеи – 2019. Минералогия вчера, сегодня, завтра». Материалы научной конференции]. Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, 41-42 (in Russian). |
| ⓘ Graphite Formula: C Reference: Natural History Museum Vienna collection (catalogued in 1808) |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 Reference: Starikov, Yu.I. [Стариков, Ю.И.] (1980) Report on the results of detailed prospecting works on collectors' raw materials, carried out in the Karelian-Kola region in the years 1978-80 [Отчет о результатах детальных поисковых работ на коллекционное сырье, проведенных в Карело-Кольском регионе за 1978-80 гг.]. Production Association "Severkvartssamotsvety" [ПО "Северкварцсамоцветы"], Leningrad (in Russian);
Lavrov, O.B. [Лавров, О.Б.] (2019) History of the study of amethyst and associated mineralization from Volkostrov island (Lake Onega, Karelia) [История изучения аметистовой и сопутствующей минерализации острова Волкостров (Онежское озеро, Карелия)]. In: «Mineralogical museums 2019. Mineralogy yesterday, today, tomorrow». Proceedings of the scientific conference [«Минералогические музеи – 2019. Минералогия вчера, сегодня, завтра». Материалы научной конференции]. Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, 41-42 (in Russian). |
| ⓘ 'Onegite' Description: Black and yellow-brown acicular inclusions in amethyst, later identified as goethite. Reference: André, Christian Carl (1802) Verzeichnis und Beschreibung einiger russischen Mineralien, die für den Herausgeber des Tageblatts unterwegens sind; vielleicht den Freuden der Mineralogie willkommen. Patriotisches Tageblatt oder öffentliches Correspondenz- und Anzeige-Blatt, Nr. 18, 214-215.
[Clark, 1993 - "Hey's Mineral Index"; Dana (1868) A system of mineralogy] |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Reference: Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48. |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Reference: André, Christian Carl (1802) Verzeichnis und Beschreibung einiger russischen Mineralien, die für den Herausgeber des Tageblatts unterwegens sind; vielleicht den Freuden der Mineralogie willkommen. Patriotisches Tageblatt oder öffentliches Correspondenz- und Anzeige-Blatt, Nr. 18, 214-215; Foullon, Alexandre (1812) Notices sur une production minérale du Gouvernement d'Olonetz. Mémoires de la Société des naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 3, 289-298; Haüy, René-Just (1822) Traité de minéralogie. Tome II. Bachelier et Huzard, Paris, page 235; Severguine, Basile [Severgin, Vasily] (1827) Notice sur l’oxide de fer en forme d’aigulles qui se trouve sur les amethysts de l’isle de Kija en Onega. Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae, 13, 395-396; Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48; Dana (1868) A system of mineralogy
Borisov, P.A. [Борисов, П.А.] (1909) «Cubic quartzes» from Shunga and Volkostrov of Olonets Governorate [«Кубические кварцы» из Шунги и Волк-острова Олонецкой губернии]. Proceedings of the Imperial St. Petersburg Society of Naturalists [Труды Императорского С.- Петербургского Общества Естествоиспытателей], 40, 1, 14-22 (in Russian); Starikov, Yu.I. [Стариков, Ю.И.] (1980) Report on the results of detailed prospecting works on collectors' raw materials, carried out in the Karelian-Kola region in the years 1978-80 [Отчет о результатах детальных поисковых работ на коллекционное сырье, проведенных в Карело-Кольском регионе за 1978-80 гг.]. Production Association "Severkvartssamotsvety" [ПО "Северкварцсамоцветы"], Leningrad (in Russian);
Lavrov, O.B. [Лавров, О.Б.] (2019) History of the study of amethyst and associated mineralization from Volkostrov island (Lake Onega, Karelia) [История изучения аметистовой и сопутствующей минерализации острова Волкостров (Онежское озеро, Карелия)]. In: «Mineralogical museums 2019. Mineralogy yesterday, today, tomorrow». Proceedings of the scientific conference [«Минералогические музеи – 2019. Минералогия вчера, сегодня, завтра». Материалы научной конференции]. Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, 41-42 (in Russian). |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst Formula: SiO2 Reference: André, Christian Carl (1802) Verzeichnis und Beschreibung einiger russischen Mineralien, die für den Herausgeber des Tageblatts unterwegens sind; vielleicht den Freuden der Mineralogie willkommen. Patriotisches Tageblatt oder öffentliches Correspondenz- und Anzeige-Blatt, Nr. 18, 214-215; Foullon, Alexandre (1812) Notices sur une production minérale du Gouvernement d'Olonetz. Mémoires de la Société des naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 3, 289-298; Severguine, Basile [Severgin, Vasily] (1827) Notice sur l’oxide de fer en forme d’aigulles qui se trouve sur les amethysts de l’isle de Kija en Onega. Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae, 13, 395-396; Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48; Starikov, Yu.I. [Стариков, Ю.И.] (1980) Report on the results of detailed prospecting works on collectors' raw materials, carried out in the Karelian-Kola region in the years 1978-80 [Отчет о результатах детальных поисковых работ на коллекционное сырье, проведенных в Карело-Кольском регионе за 1978-80 гг.]. Production Association "Severkvartssamotsvety" [ПО "Северкварцсамоцветы"], Leningrad (in Russian);
Lavrov, O.B. [Лавров, О.Б.] (2019) History of the study of amethyst and associated mineralization from Volkostrov island (Lake Onega, Karelia) [История изучения аметистовой и сопутствующей минерализации острова Волкостров (Онежское озеро, Карелия)]. In: «Mineralogical museums 2019. Mineralogy yesterday, today, tomorrow». Proceedings of the scientific conference [«Минералогические музеи – 2019. Минералогия вчера, сегодня, завтра». Материалы научной конференции]. Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, 41-42 (in Russian). |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz Formula: SiO2 Reference: Foullon, Alexandre (1812) Notices sur une production minérale du Gouvernement d'Olonetz. Mémoires de la Société des naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 3, 289-298; Haüy, René-Just (1822) Traité de minéralogie. Tome II. Bachelier et Huzard, Paris, page 235; Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48; Starikov, Yu.I. [Стариков, Ю.И.] (1980) Report on the results of detailed prospecting works on collectors' raw materials, carried out in the Karelian-Kola region in the years 1978-80 [Отчет о результатах детальных поисковых работ на коллекционное сырье, проведенных в Карело-Кольском регионе за 1978-80 гг.]. Production Association "Severkvartssamotsvety" [ПО "Северкварцсамоцветы"], Leningrad (in Russian);
Lavrov, O.B. [Лавров, О.Б.] (2019) History of the study of amethyst and associated mineralization from Volkostrov island (Lake Onega, Karelia) [История изучения аметистовой и сопутствующей минерализации острова Волкостров (Онежское озеро, Карелия)]. In: «Mineralogical museums 2019. Mineralogy yesterday, today, tomorrow». Proceedings of the scientific conference [«Минералогические музеи – 2019. Минералогия вчера, сегодня, завтра». Материалы научной конференции]. Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, 41-42 (in Russian). |
| ⓘ 'Uranium Mica' Reference: Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48. |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Graphite | 1.CB.05a | C |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Amethyst | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Smoky Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | 'Onegite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Uranium Mica' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Graphite | C |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz | SiO2 |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
References
Sort by
Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)André, Christian Carl (1802) Verzeichnis und Beschreibung einiger russischen Mineralien, die für den Herausgeber des Tageblatts unterwegens sind; vielleicht den Freuden der Mineralogie willkommen. Patriotisches Tageblatt oder öffentliches Correspondenz- und Anzeige-Blatt, Nr. 18, 214-215 [https://books.google.it/books?id=34llAAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false]
Foullon, Alexandre (1812) Notices sur une production minérale du Gouvernement d'Olonetz. Mémoires de la Société des naturalistes de Moscou, Volume 3, 289-298 (in French) (esp. p. 297) [https://books.google.at/books?id=VFBNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA297&lpg=PA297&dq=Wolkostroff&source=bl&ots=4-E0Ufzml1&sig=ACfU3U3UfcFrt-t2t7xO5rCdKKzLA_D-JA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi0nOjP4f_5AhVUX_EDHUugB7gQ6AF6BAgEEAM#v=onepage&q=Wolkostroff&f=false]
Haüy, René-Just (1822) Traité de minéralogie. Tome II. Bachelier et Huzard, Paris, page 235.
Severguine, Basile [Severgin, Vasily] (1827) Notice sur l’oxide de fer en forme d’aigulles qui se trouve sur les amethysts de l’isle de Kija en Onega. Nova Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petropolitanae, 13, 395-396.
Rose, G. (1842) Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai und dem Kaspischen Meere. Mineralogisch-geognostischer Theil und historischer Bericht der Reise. Band 1. Verlag der Sanderschen Buchhandlung (C. W. Heichhoff), Berlin, pages 47-48.
Borisov, P.A. [Борисов, П.А.] (1909) «Cubic quartzes» from Shunga and Volkostrov of Olonets Governorate [«Кубические кварцы» из Шунги и Волк-острова Олонецкой губернии]. Proceedings of the Imperial St. Petersburg Society of Naturalists [Труды Императорского С.- Петербургского Общества Естествоиспытателей], 40, 1, 14-22 (in Russian).
Mironov, V.A. [Миронов, В.А.] (1910) Geological sketch of the islands of the Great Bay [Геологический очерк островов Великой губы]. Proceedings of the student circles of the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of the Saint-Petersburg University [Труды студенческих кружков физико-математического факультета Санкт-Петербургского университета], 2, 59-86 (in Russian).
Sokolov, V.A., and Butin, R.V. [Соколов, В.А., и Бутин, Р.В.] (1961) Geological excursion to Yuzhny Oleny island and Volkostrov [Геологическая экскурсия на Южный Олений остров и Волкостров]. State Printing House of Karelian ASSR [Государственное издательство Карельской АССР], Petrozavodsk, 57 pp. (in Russian).
Starikov, Yu.I. [Стариков, Ю.И.] (1980) Report on the results of detailed prospecting works on collectors' raw materials, carried out in the Karelian-Kola region in the years 1978-80 [Отчет о результатах детальных поисковых работ на коллекционное сырье, проведенных в Карело-Кольском регионе за 1978-80 гг.]. Production Association "Severkvartssamotsvety" [ПО "Северкварцсамоцветы"], Leningrad (in Russian).
Lavrov, O.B. [Лавров, О.Б.] (2019) History of the study of amethyst and associated mineralization from Volkostrov island (Lake Onega, Karelia) [История изучения аметистовой и сопутствующей минерализации острова Волкостров (Онежское озеро, Карелия)]. In: «Mineralogical museums 2019. Mineralogy yesterday, today, tomorrow». Proceedings of the scientific conference [«Минералогические музеи – 2019. Минералогия вчера, сегодня, завтра». Материалы научной конференции]. Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, 41-42 (in Russian) [https://igkrc.ru/geomuseum/publications/conf2019_ametist]
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Volk Island, Medvezhyegorsky District, Republic of Karelia, Russia