East Pacific Rise, Pacific Oceani
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| East Pacific Rise | - not defined - |
| Pacific Ocean | Ocean |
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Mindat Locality ID:
27791
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:27791:5
GUID (UUID V4):
e24a67da-bb77-42b7-8162-d3ffc79c1e40
Recent hydrothermal spring activity on the ocean floor at the East Pacific Rise forms complex massive sulfide deposits ("Black Smokers") with high-temperature sulfides (e.g. chalcopyrrhotite, high-temperature chalcopyrite) in close association with sulfides exhibiting colloidal and/or gel textures (e.g. marcasite, pyrite, melnikovite-pyrite, schalenblende).
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Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities83 valid minerals. 2 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
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Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities
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Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Acanthite Formula: Ag2S Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Alabandite Formula: MnS Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Reference: Contr. Min. Petr. (1998) 131, (2-3), 111 - 122.; Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ Allophane Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Anhydrite Formula: CaSO4 Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region. Reference: www.pmel.noaa.gov/vents/coax/story.html |
| ⓘ Anorthite Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8) Description: - Glassy margin of pillows. Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] Description: - Glassy margin of pillows. Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] Description: - Glassy margin of pillows.
- Xenolithic inner zone of pillows. Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Antigorite Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 Reference: Plas, A. A. (1997). Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on fluid-rock interaction, serpentinization and alternation of oceanic ultramafic rocks (Doctoral dissertation, ETH Zurich). |
| ⓘ Aragonite Formula: CaCO3 Reference: Hannington, H.D., Peter, J.M., Scott, S.D. (1986) Gold in sea-floor polymetallic sulfide deposits. Economic Geology: 81: 1867-1883. |
| ⓘ Arsenopyrite Formula: FeAsS Localities: Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000; Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Atacamite Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl Localities: Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:221-249 |
| ⓘ Augite Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 Description: Ca-rich augite.
- Glassy margin of pillows.
- Xenolithic inner zone of pillows. Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region. Reference: GSA Paper 75-0 (Fantle, M.S.).; Schrenk, M. O., Kelley, D. S., Delaney, J. R., & Baross, J. A. (2003). Incidence and diversity of microorganisms within the walls of an active deep-sea sulfide chimney. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69(6), 3580-3592. |
| ⓘ Birnessite Formula: (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O Reference: Novikov, G.V., Vikent’ev, I.V., and Bogdanova, O.Y. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(4), 304-325. |
| ⓘ Bismite Formula: Bi2O3 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000 |
| ⓘ Bismoclite Formula: BiOCl Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000 |
| ⓘ Bismuth Formula: Bi Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000; Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Bismuthinite Formula: Bi2S3 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000 |
| ⓘ Bornite Formula: Cu5FeS4 Localities: Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
| ⓘ Boulangerite Formula: Pb5Sb4S11 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Brucite Formula: Mg(OH)2 Reference: Plas, A. A. (1997). Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on fluid-rock interaction, serpentinization and alternation of oceanic ultramafic rocks (Doctoral dissertation, ETH Zurich). |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Localities: Reference: Hannington, H.D., Peter, J.M., Scott, S.D. (1986) Gold in sea-floor polymetallic sulfide deposits. Economic Geology: 81: 1867-1883. |
| ⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite Formula: (Ca,Fe)CO3 Reference: J. Jedwab and J. Boulègue, Bull. Minéral. , 1986, 109, pp.635-642. |
| ⓘ Caminite (TL) Formula: Mg7(SO4)5(OH)4 · H2O Type Locality: Reference: Haymon, R.M., Kastner, M. (1986) Caminite: A new magnesium-hydroxide-sulfate-hydrate mineral found in a submarine hydrothermal deposit, East Pacific Rise, 21°N. American Mineralogist, 71, 819-825. |
| ⓘ Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S Localities: Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region. Reference: Petrology from Bent Hill, ODP Mound and TAG Massive Sulfide Deposits 1. (Lawrie, D. & Miller, D. Jay). |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' Localities: Reference: Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122.; Plas, A. A. (1997). Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on fluid-rock interaction, serpentinization and alternation of oceanic ultramafic rocks (Doctoral dissertation, ETH Zurich). |
| ⓘ 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)' Reference: Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ Chrysotile Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 Reference: Plas, A. A. (1997). Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on fluid-rock interaction, serpentinization and alternation of oceanic ultramafic rocks (Doctoral dissertation, ETH Zurich). |
| ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Cobaltite Formula: CoAsS Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Copper Formula: Cu Localities: Reference: Vesselin, M. D., & Damyanov, Z. K. (1997). Native silver-copper alloy. Oceanologica Acta, 20(3), 501-512. |
| ⓘ Covellite Formula: CuS Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
| ⓘ Cubanite Formula: CuFe2S3 Localities: Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
| ⓘ Digenite Formula: Cu9S5 Localities: Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
| ⓘ Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 Reference: Contr. Min. Petr. (1998) 131, (2-3), 111 - 122.; Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ Enargite Formula: Cu3AsS4 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Enstatite Formula: Mg2Si2O6 Localities: Reference: Contr. Min. Petr. (1998) 131, (2-3), 111 - 122.; Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' Localities: Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ Feroxyhyte Formula: Fe3+O(OH) Reference: Novikov, G.V., Vikent’ev, I.V., and Bogdanova, O.Y. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(4), 304-325. |
| ⓘ Ferrihydrite Formula: Fe3+10O14(OH)2 Reference: Novikov, G.V., Vikent’ev, I.V., and Bogdanova, O.Y. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(4), 304-325. |
| ⓘ Forsterite Formula: Mg2SiO4 Localities: Description: - Glassy margin of pillows.
- Intermediate microlitic zone.
- Xenolithic inner zone of pillows. Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
| ⓘ Geocronite Formula: Pb14Sb6S23 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ 'Glass' Localities: Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Glaucodot Formula: (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000 |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH) Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region. Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
| ⓘ Gold Formula: Au Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000; Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Gold var. Electrum Formula: (Au,Ag) Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000 |
| ⓘ Gordaite Formula: NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O Reference: AmMin 83:1111-1116 |
| ⓘ Graphite Formula: C Reference: J. Jedwab and J. Boulègue, Bull. Minéral. , 1986, 109, pp.635-642. |
| ⓘ 'Grossular-Hibschite Series' Reference: Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ Gypsum Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O Localities: Reference: AMES, D.E., FRANKLIN, J.M. & HANNINGTON, M.D. (1993) Mineralogy and geochemistry of active and inactive chimneys and massive sulfide, Middle Valley, northern Juan de Fuca Ridge: an evolving hydrothermal system. Canadian Mineralogist 31, 997-1024. |
| ⓘ Hedleyite Formula: Bi7Te3 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000 |
| ⓘ Hercynite Formula: Fe2+Al2O4 Description: - Xenolithic inner zone of pillows. Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite Formula: (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 Description: - Xenolithic inner zone of pillows. Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Idaite Formula: Cu5FeS6 Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:221-249 |
| ⓘ Iowaite Formula: Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O Reference: Plas, A. A. (1997). Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on fluid-rock interaction, serpentinization and alternation of oceanic ultramafic rocks (Doctoral dissertation, ETH Zurich). |
| ⓘ Isocubanite (TL) Formula: CuFe2S3 Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. Description: Found in modern black-smokers (sulfide chimneys). Reference: Caye, R., Cervelle, B., Cesbron, F., Oudin, E., Picot, P., Pillard, F. (1988): Isocubanite, a new definition of the cubic polymorph of cubanite CuFe2S3. Mineralogical Magazine 52, 509-514. |
| ⓘ Jadeite Formula: Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 Reference: Contr. Min. Petr. (1998) 131, (2-3), 111 - 122.; Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ Jarosite Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 Localities: Reference: Hannington, H.D., Peter, J.M., Scott, S.D. (1986) Gold in sea-floor polymetallic sulfide deposits. Economic Geology: 81: 1867-1883. |
| ⓘ Jonassonite Formula: AuBi5S4 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Description: Described as "unnamed AuBi5S4". Reference: Tormanen, T O & Koski, R A (2000) Bismuth and Gold Mineralogy of Pyrrhotite-rich Massive Sulfide Deposits From the Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge. Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000 |
| ⓘ Jordanite Formula: Pb14As6S23 Localities: Reference: Hannington, M.D., Peter, J.M., Scott, S.D. (1986) Gold in sea-floor polymetallic sulfide deposits. Economic Geology, 81(8), 1867–1883.
|
| ⓘ Joséite-A Formula: Bi4TeS2 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000 |
| ⓘ Kaolinite Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ 'Limonite' Localities: EPR 13° N, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Explorer Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Guaymas Basin, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Finn Chimney, Mothra vent field, Endeavor segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean R/V Geolog Fersman 4F-121 core, EPR 7°S-23°S, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:221-249 |
| ⓘ Lizardite Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 Reference: Plas, A. A. (1997). Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on fluid-rock interaction, serpentinization and alternation of oceanic ultramafic rocks (Doctoral dissertation, ETH Zurich). |
| ⓘ Löllingite Formula: FeAs2 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000; Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Luzonite Formula: Cu3AsS4 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Localities: Description: Octahedrons in growth associations. Reference: J. Jedwab and J. Boulègue, Bull. Minéral. , 1986, 109, pp.635-642. |
| ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 Reference: J. Jedwab and J. Boulègue, Bull. Minéral. , 1986, 109, pp.635-642. |
| ⓘ Maldonite Formula: Au2Bi Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000; Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Marcasite Formula: FeS2 Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region. Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
| ⓘ 'Melnikovite' Reference: Haymon, R. M. (1983). Hydrothermal deposition on the East Pacific Rise at 21 N. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 19(1-3), 493-495. |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ Nepheline Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16) Reference: Contr. Min. Petr. (1998) 131, (2-3), 111 - 122.; Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ Opal Formula: SiO2 · nH2O Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:221-249 |
| ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' Reference: R. Hekinian et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 691-698. |
| ⓘ Pargasite Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 Reference: Contr. Min. Petr. (1998) 131, (2-3), 111 - 122.; Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ Phlogopite Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Reference: Contr. Min. Petr. (1998) 131, (2-3), 111 - 122.; Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ 'Plagioclase' Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region. Reference: GSA Paper 75-0 (Fantle, M.S.).; Schrenk, M. O., Kelley, D. S., Delaney, J. R., & Baross, J. A. (2003). Incidence and diversity of microorganisms within the walls of an active deep-sea sulfide chimney. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69(6), 3580-3592. |
| ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group' Formula: ADSi2O6 Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ Pyrrhotite Formula: Fe1-xS Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region. Reference: Petrology from Bent Hill, ODP Mound and TAG Massive Sulfide Deposits 1. (Lawrie, D. & Miller, D. Jay). |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Localities: Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony Formula: SiO2 Reference: Magnetite Olivine Pyroxene Plagioclase Glass Chalcedony Quartz Opaline “allophane” Kaolinite Chlorite Calcite Smectite Illite pyrite Sphalerite Chalcopyrite marcasite Wurtzite Covellite Goethite |
| ⓘ Safflorite Formula: (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (48), Fall Meet. Suppl., 2000; Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ 'Silica' Habit: Amorphous Description: Microspheroids and amorphous masses; nested radial sprays of transparent cylindrical needles nucleated on thin layers of spheroids that coat euhedral grains of sulfide minerals. Reference: Geological Survey of Canada contribution number 1998185, abstract. |
| ⓘ Silver Formula: Ag Reference: Vesselin, M. D., & Damyanov, Z. K. (1997). Native silver-copper alloy. Oceanologica Acta, 20(3), 501-512. |
| ⓘ 'Smectite Group' Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O Localities: Reference: Hannington, H.D., Peter, J.M., Scott, S.D. (1986) Gold in sea-floor polymetallic sulfide deposits. Economic Geology: 81: 1867-1883. |
| ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region. Reference: GSA Paper 75-0 (Fantle, M.S.).; Schrenk, M. O., Kelley, D. S., Delaney, J. R., & Baross, J. A. (2003). Incidence and diversity of microorganisms within the walls of an active deep-sea sulfide chimney. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 69(6), 3580-3592. |
| ⓘ Spinel Formula: MgAl2O4 Reference: Matsukage, K., and Arai, S. (1998): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 131, 111-122. |
| ⓘ Stannite Formula: Cu2FeSnS4 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Stevensite Formula: (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 Locality: Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ Sulphur Formula: S8 Localities: Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:221-249 |
| ⓘ Taenite Formula: (Fe,Ni) Reference: Plas, A. A. (1997). Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on fluid-rock interaction, serpentinization and alternation of oceanic ultramafic rocks (Doctoral dissertation, ETH Zurich). |
| ⓘ Talc Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 Localities: Reference: Tuomo Törmänen (2005) Ore Mineralogy, Geochemistry, and Formation of the Sediment-hosted Sea Floor Massive Sulfide Deposits at Escanaba Trough, NE Pacific, with Emphasis on the Transport and Deposition of Gold. Thesis University of Oulu |
| ⓘ 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S Localities: Reference: Hannington, M.D., Peter, J.M., Scott, S.D. (1986) Gold in sea-floor polymetallic sulfide deposits. Economic Geology, 81(8), 1867–1883.
|
| ⓘ Tremolite Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 Reference: Plas, A. A. (1997). Petrologic and stable isotope constraints on fluid-rock interaction, serpentinization and alternation of oceanic ultramafic rocks (Doctoral dissertation, ETH Zurich). |
| ⓘ 'UM1989-04-C:TiV' Formula: (V,Ti)C Reference: Jedwab, J., Boulegue, J. (1989): A vanadium-titanium carbide inclusion in graphite from hydrothermal ejecta at 13 degrees N, East Pacific Rise. The Canadian Mineralogist: 27(4): 617-623; in: in: Jambor, J.L., Burke, E.A.J. (1990): New mineral Names. American Mineralogist: 75: 1434 |
| ⓘ Vernadite Formula: (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O Reference: Novikov, G.V., Vikent’ev, I.V., and Bogdanova, O.Y. (2006): Geology of Ore Deposits 48(4), 304-325. |
| ⓘ Villamanínite Formula: (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 Reference: Moëlo, Y. (1989) Compte-rendu de la réunion "Systématique des Minéraux" du 23 novembre 1989. Bull. Soc. Franç. Minéral., France. |
| ⓘ 'Wad' Localities: EPR 13° N, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Explorer Ridge, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Axial Seamount, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean R/V Geolog Fersman 4F-121 core, EPR 7°S-23°S, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Endeavor segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge complex, East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean Reference: Econ Geol (1985) 80:221-249 |
| ⓘ Wurtzite Formula: (Zn,Fe)S Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region. Reference: Peng Xiaotong, and Zhou Huaiyang (2005): Science in China, Series D (Earth Sciences), 48(11), 1891-1899. |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Bismuth | 1.CA.05 | Bi |
| ⓘ | Copper | 1.AA.05 | Cu |
| ⓘ | Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| ⓘ | var. Electrum | 1.AA.05 | (Au,Ag) |
| ⓘ | Graphite | 1.CB.05a | C |
| ⓘ | Silver | 1.AA.05 | Ag |
| ⓘ | Sulphur | 1.CC.05 | S8 |
| ⓘ | Taenite | 1.AE.10 | (Fe,Ni) |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Acanthite | 2.BA.35 | Ag2S |
| ⓘ | Alabandite | 2.CD.10 | MnS |
| ⓘ | Arsenopyrite | 2.EB.20 | FeAsS |
| ⓘ | Bismuthinite | 2.DB.05 | Bi2S3 |
| ⓘ | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| ⓘ | Boulangerite | 2.HC.15 | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Cobaltite | 2.EB.25 | CoAsS |
| ⓘ | Covellite | 2.CA.05a | CuS |
| ⓘ | Cubanite | 2.CB.55a | CuFe2S3 |
| ⓘ | Digenite | 2.BA.10 | Cu9S5 |
| ⓘ | Enargite | 2.KA.05 | Cu3AsS4 |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Geocronite | 2.JB.30a | Pb14Sb6S23 |
| ⓘ | Glaucodot | 2.EB.10c | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| ⓘ | Hedleyite | 2.DC.05 | Bi7Te3 |
| ⓘ | Idaite | 2.CB.15a | Cu5FeS6 |
| ⓘ | Isocubanite (TL) | 2.CB.55b | CuFe2S3 |
| ⓘ | Jonassonite | 2.LA.65 | AuBi5S4 |
| ⓘ | Jordanite | 2.JB.30a | Pb14As6S23 |
| ⓘ | Joséite-A | 2.DC.05 | Bi4TeS2 |
| ⓘ | Luzonite | 2.KA.10 | Cu3AsS4 |
| ⓘ | Löllingite | 2.EB.15a | FeAs2 |
| ⓘ | Maldonite | 2.AA.40 | Au2Bi |
| ⓘ | Marcasite | 2.EB.10a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Pyrrhotite | 2.CC.10 | Fe1-xS |
| ⓘ | Safflorite | 2.EB.15a | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| ⓘ | Stannite | 2.CB.15a | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| ⓘ | 'Tetrahedrite Subgroup' | 2.GB.05 | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| ⓘ | Villamanínite | 2.EB.05a | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
| ⓘ | Wurtzite | 2.CB.45 | (Zn,Fe)S |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Atacamite | 3.DA.10a | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| ⓘ | Bismoclite | 3.DC.25 | BiOCl |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Birnessite | 4.FL.45 | (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O |
| ⓘ | Bismite | 4.CB.60 | Bi2O3 |
| ⓘ | Brucite | 4.FE.05 | Mg(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Feroxyhyte | 4.FE.40 | Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Ferrihydrite | 4.FE.35 | Fe3+10O14(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Hercynite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Al2O4 |
| ⓘ | var. Picotite | 4.BB.05 | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| ⓘ | Iowaite | 4.FL.05 | Mg6Fe3+2(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| ⓘ | Opal | 4.DA.10 | SiO2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | var. Chalcedony | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Spinel | 4.BB.05 | MgAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Vernadite | 4.FE.40 | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Aragonite | 5.AB.15 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | var. Iron-bearing Calcite | 5.AB.05 | (Ca,Fe)CO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 7.AD.35 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Anhydrite | 7.AD.30 | CaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Caminite (TL) | 7.D0.05 | Mg7(SO4)5(OH)4 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Gordaite | 7.DF.50 | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Gypsum | 7.CD.40 | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Jarosite | 7.BC.10 | KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Allophane | 9.ED.20 | (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O |
| ⓘ | Anorthite | 9.FA.35 | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| ⓘ | var. Bytownite | 9.FA.35 | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| ⓘ | var. Labradorite | 9.FA.35 | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| ⓘ | Antigorite | 9.ED.15 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Chrysotile | 9.. | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Enstatite | 9.DA.05 | Mg2Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Forsterite | 9.AC.05 | Mg2SiO4 |
| ⓘ | Jadeite | 9.DA.25 | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Kaolinite | 9.ED.05 | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Lizardite | 9.ED.15 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | var. Illite | 9.EC.15 | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Nepheline | 9.FA.05 | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| ⓘ | Pargasite | 9.DE.15 | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Phlogopite | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Stevensite | 9.EC.45 | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Talc | 9.EC.05 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Tremolite | 9.DE.10 | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Chrome-Spinel (of Dana)' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Glass' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Grossular-Hibschite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Melnikovite' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Plagioclase' | - | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| ⓘ | 'Pyroxene Group' | - | ADSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Silica' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Smectite Group' | - | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| ⓘ | 'UM1989-04-C:TiV' | - | (V,Ti)C |
| ⓘ | 'Wad' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Caminite | Mg7(SO4)5(OH)4 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Ferrihydrite | Fe103+O14(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Birnessite | (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O |
| H | ⓘ Vernadite | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Feroxyhyte | Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| H | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| H | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Allophane | (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Graphite | C |
| C | ⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite | (Ca,Fe)CO3 |
| C | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ UM1989-04-C:TiV | (V,Ti)C |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Caminite | Mg7(SO4)5(OH)4 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| O | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite | (Ca,Fe)CO3 |
| O | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| O | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| O | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Ferrihydrite | Fe103+O14(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Birnessite | (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O |
| O | ⓘ Vernadite | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Feroxyhyte | Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| O | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Smectite Group | A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O |
| O | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Allophane | (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Bismite | Bi2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Bismoclite | BiOCl |
| O | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| O | ⓘ Hercynite | Fe2+Al2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| Na | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Na | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Na | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Na | ⓘ Birnessite | (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Vernadite | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O |
| Na | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Na | ⓘ Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Caminite | Mg7(SO4)5(OH)4 · H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Brucite | Mg(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Mg | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| Al | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Al | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Al | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Al | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Al | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Allophane | (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Hercynite | Fe2+Al2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Spinel | MgAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Enstatite | Mg2Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| Si | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Forsterite | Mg2SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Si | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Si | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Opal | SiO2 · nH2O |
| Si | ⓘ Pyroxene Group | ADSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz var. Chalcedony | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Kaolinite | Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Allophane | (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Antigorite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Lizardite | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Caminite | Mg7(SO4)5(OH)4 · H2O |
| S | ⓘ Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| S | ⓘ Villamanínite | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
| S | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| S | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| S | ⓘ Sulphur | S8 |
| S | ⓘ Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
| S | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| S | ⓘ Jordanite | Pb14As6S23 |
| S | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| S | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| S | ⓘ Joséite-A | Bi4TeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| S | ⓘ Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| S | ⓘ Jonassonite | AuBi5S4 |
| S | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| S | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| S | ⓘ Alabandite | MnS |
| S | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| S | ⓘ Enargite | Cu3AsS4 |
| S | ⓘ Luzonite | Cu3AsS4 |
| S | ⓘ Acanthite | Ag2S |
| S | ⓘ Geocronite | Pb14Sb6S23 |
| S | ⓘ Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| Cl | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cl | ⓘ Bismoclite | BiOCl |
| Cl | ⓘ Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Nepheline | Na3K(Al4Si4O16) |
| K | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite | K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Anhydrite | CaSO4 |
| Ca | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Pargasite | NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite | (Ca,Fe)CO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Ca | ⓘ Anorthite var. Labradorite | (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8] |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Birnessite | (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Vernadite | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Aragonite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Ca | ⓘ Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Ca | ⓘ Tremolite | ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Ti | ⓘ UM1989-04-C:TiV | (V,Ti)C |
| V | Vanadium | |
| V | ⓘ UM1989-04-C:TiV | (V,Ti)C |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Birnessite | (Na,Ca)0.5(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4 · 1.5H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Vernadite | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Alabandite | MnS |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrrhotite | Fe1-xS |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Villamanínite | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Jadeite | Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite | Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite | (Ca,Fe)CO3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hercynite var. Picotite | (Fe,Mg)(Al,Cr)2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Marcasite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| Fe | ⓘ Ferrihydrite | Fe103+O14(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Vernadite | (Mn4+,Fe3+,Ca,Na)(O,OH)2 · nH2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Feroxyhyte | Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Jarosite | KFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| Fe | ⓘ Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| Fe | ⓘ Löllingite | FeAs2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hercynite | Fe2+Al2O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Iowaite | Mg6Fe23+(OH)16Cl2 · 4H2O |
| Fe | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | ⓘ Villamanínite | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
| Co | ⓘ Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| Co | ⓘ Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| Co | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Villamanínite | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
| Ni | ⓘ Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| Ni | ⓘ Taenite | (Fe,Ni) |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Isocubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Villamanínite | (Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)S2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | ⓘ Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| Cu | ⓘ Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| Cu | ⓘ Covellite | CuS |
| Cu | ⓘ Idaite | Cu5FeS6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Atacamite | Cu2(OH)3Cl |
| Cu | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Cu | ⓘ Enargite | Cu3AsS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Luzonite | Cu3AsS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Copper | Cu |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Zn | ⓘ Gordaite | NaZn4(SO4)(OH)6Cl · 6H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Wurtzite | (Zn,Fe)S |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | ⓘ Jordanite | Pb14As6S23 |
| As | ⓘ Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| As | ⓘ Glaucodot | (Co0.50Fe0.50)AsS |
| As | ⓘ Löllingite | FeAs2 |
| As | ⓘ Safflorite | (Co,Ni,Fe)As2 |
| As | ⓘ Cobaltite | CoAsS |
| As | ⓘ Enargite | Cu3AsS4 |
| As | ⓘ Luzonite | Cu3AsS4 |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Gold var. Electrum | (Au,Ag) |
| Ag | ⓘ Acanthite | Ag2S |
| Ag | ⓘ Silver | Ag |
| Sn | Tin | |
| Sn | ⓘ Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 |
| Sb | Antimony | |
| Sb | ⓘ Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S |
| Sb | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| Sb | ⓘ Geocronite | Pb14Sb6S23 |
| Te | Tellurium | |
| Te | ⓘ Hedleyite | Bi7Te3 |
| Te | ⓘ Joséite-A | Bi4TeS2 |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Gold | Au |
| Au | ⓘ Gold var. Electrum | (Au,Ag) |
| Au | ⓘ Maldonite | Au2Bi |
| Au | ⓘ Jonassonite | AuBi5S4 |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Jordanite | Pb14As6S23 |
| Pb | ⓘ Boulangerite | Pb5Sb4S11 |
| Pb | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| Pb | ⓘ Geocronite | Pb14Sb6S23 |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismuth | Bi |
| Bi | ⓘ Hedleyite | Bi7Te3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Joséite-A | Bi4TeS2 |
| Bi | ⓘ Maldonite | Au2Bi |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismite | Bi2O3 |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismoclite | BiOCl |
| Bi | ⓘ Jonassonite | AuBi5S4 |
References
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Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)Tufar, W. (1988): Recent complex massive sulfide deposits (“Black Smokers”) and hydrothermal metallogenesis at actively spreading plate boundaries in the Pacific (East Pacific Rise, Galapagos Rift): potential marine mineral resources and a future field of activity for deep-sea mining. Journal of Engineering, Islamic Republic of Iran, 1 (4), 219-229. [http://www.ije.ir/Vol1/No4/6.pdf]
Girardeau, J., Francheteau, J. (1993) Plagioclase-wehrlites and peridotites on the East Pacific Rise (Hess Deep) and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (DSDP Site 334): evidence for magma percolation in the oceanic upper mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 115, 137–149.
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Localities in this Region
- East Pacific Rise
- Juan de Fuca Ridge complex
- Endeavor segment
- EPR 21° N
- Explorer Ridge
- Middle Valley
- North Cleft Segment
- Southern Gorda Ridge
- Juan de Fuca Ridge complex
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East Pacific Rise, Pacific Ocean