Luzonite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Luzonite
Island of Luzon, Philippines
Formula:
Cu3AsS4
Colour:
Deep pinkish-brown
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
4.4 - 4.6
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1874 after the type locality, Mancayan, Luzon, Philippines.
Type Locality:
Dimorph of:
Luzonite-Famatinite Series.
Originally thought to be enargite or, in part, a mixture of enargite with famatinite, or famatinite.
Usually found as massively crystalline to granular material, deep pinkish-brown in color. Crystals very rare, small, and equant (pseudo-octahedral) in habit.
Originally thought to be enargite or, in part, a mixture of enargite with famatinite, or famatinite.
Usually found as massively crystalline to granular material, deep pinkish-brown in color. Crystals very rare, small, and equant (pseudo-octahedral) in habit.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2461
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2461:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
57abd1c1-7466-45c0-a8e3-0fef910b7773
IMA Classification of Luzonite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Luzonite
2.KA.10
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
K : Sulfarsenates, Sulfantimonates
A : Sulfarsenates with (As,Sb)S4 tetrahedra
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
K : Sulfarsenates, Sulfantimonates
A : Sulfarsenates with (As,Sb)S4 tetrahedra
Dana 7th ed.:
3.2.2.1
3.2.2.1
3 : SULFOSALTS
2 : ø = 4
3 : SULFOSALTS
2 : ø = 4
6.3.2
6 : Sulphosalts - Sulphostannates, Sulphogermanates,Sulpharsenates, Sulphantimonates, Sulphovanadates and Sulphohalides
3 : Sulpharsenates and sulphantimonates
6 : Sulphosalts - Sulphostannates, Sulphogermanates,Sulpharsenates, Sulphantimonates, Sulphovanadates and Sulphohalides
3 : Sulpharsenates and sulphantimonates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Luz | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Luz | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Luzonite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Deep pinkish-brown
Streak:
Black.
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Good on {101}, distinct on {100}.
Good on {101}, distinct on {100}.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Conchoidal
Density:
4.4 - 4.6 g/cm3 (Measured) 4.47 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Luzonite
Anisotropism:
Strong, in greenish yellow and purplish
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 | R2 |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 27.2% | 28.7% |
| 420nm | 25.6% | 27.6% |
| 440nm | 24.1% | 25.6% |
| 460nm | 23.6% | 24.7% |
| 480nm | 23.4% | 24.5% |
| 500nm | 23.7% | 25.2% |
| 520nm | 24.1% | 26.4% |
| 540nm | 24.3% | 27.1% |
| 560nm | 24.9% | 27.7% |
| 580nm | 25.6% | 28.5% |
| 600nm | 26.5% | 29.1% |
| 620nm | 27.3% | 29.6% |
| 640nm | 28.1% | 29.9% |
| 660nm | 28.6% | 30.1% |
| 680nm | 28.7% | 30.0% |
| 700nm | 28.7% | 30.0% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Top of box is 100%. Peak reflectance is 30.1%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Pleochroism:
Weak
Chemistry of Luzonite
Mindat Formula:
Cu3AsS4
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Sb
Crystallography of Luzonite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4 2m - Scalenohedral
Space Group:
I4 2m
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.29 Å, c = 10.465 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.978
Unit Cell V:
292.85 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Usually massively crystalline to granular, crystals rare and small, usually equant.
Twinning:
Twinned on {112}.
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0010631 | Luzonite | Marumo F, Nowacki W (1967) A refinement of the crystal structure of luzonite, Cu3AsS4 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 124 1-8 |  | 1967 | Cerro de Pasco, Peru | 0 | 293 |
| 0011107 | Luzonite | Pfitzner A, Bernert T (2004) The system Cu3AsS4 - Cu3SbS4 and investigations on normal tetrahedral structures Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 219 20-26 | 2004 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.05 Å | (100) |
| 1.86 Å | (90) |
| 1.59 Å | (70) |
| 1.58 Å | (60) |
| 1.32 Å | (50) |
| 1.20 Å | (60) |
| 1.08 Å | (60) |
| 1.07 Å | (50) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere | >4.45 |
| 12 : Hadean hydrothermal subsurface sulfide deposits (see also #33) |
Geological Setting:
A primary mineral of copper deposits, such as at Sierra de Famatina, Argentina.
Type Occurrence of Luzonite
Synonyms of Luzonite
Other Language Names for Luzonite
Varieties of Luzonite
| Stannoluzonite | Sn-bearing variety of luzonite. |
Relationship of Luzonite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
| Briartite | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 | Tet. |
| Černýite | Cu2(Cd,Zn,Fe)SnS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
| Famatinite | Cu3SbS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
| Ferrokësterite | Cu2FeSnS4 | Tet. 4 : I4 |
| Hocartite | Ag2(Fe2+,Zn)SnS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
| Kësterite | Cu2ZnSnS4 | Tet. 4 : I4 |
| Keutschite | Cu2AgAsS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
| Kuramite | Cu3SnS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
| Omariniite | Cu8Fe2ZnGe2S12 | Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2 |
| Permingeatite | Cu3SbSe4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
| Petrukite | (Cu,Fe,Zn,Ag)3(Sn,In)S4 | Orth. mm2 : Pmn21 |
| Pirquitasite | Ag2ZnSnS4 | Tet. 4 : I4 |
| Richardsite | Zn2CuGaS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
| Stannite | Cu2FeSnS4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
| Stannoidite | Cu+6Cu2+2(Fe2+,Zn)3Sn2S12 | Orth. 2 2 2 : I2 2 2 |
| UM1984-30-S:CuFeSn | Cu2Fe2Sn3S7 | |
| Unnamed (Cu-Zn-In Sulphide) | CuZn2InS4 | |
| Velikite | Cu2HgSnS4 | Tet. 4 : I4 |
| Zincobriartite | Cu2(Zn,Fe)(Ge,Ga)S4 | Tet. 4 2m : I4 2m |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 32 photos of Luzonite associated with Tetrahedrite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S |
| 26 photos of Luzonite associated with Enargite | Cu3AsS4 |
| 25 photos of Luzonite associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
| 14 photos of Luzonite associated with Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| 9 photos of Luzonite associated with Covellite | CuS |
| 7 photos of Luzonite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 6 photos of Luzonite associated with Tennantite Subgroup | Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S |
| 4 photos of Luzonite associated with Axinite Group | |
| 3 photos of Luzonite associated with Baryte | BaSO4 |
| 3 photos of Luzonite associated with Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.KA.05 | Enargite | Cu3AsS4 |
| 2.KA.05 | Petrukite | (Cu,Fe,Zn,Ag)3(Sn,In)S4 |
| 2.KA.10 | Briartite | Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4 |
| 2.KA.10 | Famatinite | Cu3SbS4 |
| 2.KA.10 | Permingeatite | Cu3SbSe4 |
| 2.KA.10 | Barquillite | Cu2CdGeS4 |
| 2.KA.10 | Keutschite | Cu2AgAsS4 |
| 2.KA.10 | Zincobriartite | Cu2(Zn,Fe)(Ge,Ga)S4 |
| 2.KA.15 | Fangite | Tl3AsS4 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Luzonite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2461.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Luzonite
Reference List:
Localities for Luzonite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| DE BRODTKORB +3 other references |
| PUTZ +1 other reference | |
| PUTZ +1 other reference | |
| Marquez-Zavalia et al. (2007) |
| Paar et al. (2005, January) |
| W. H. Paar et al. (2005) +1 other reference | |
| Paar et al. (2005, January) | |
| DE BRODTKORB | |
| Paar et al. (2005, January) |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) +2 other references |
Armenia | |
| Kovalenker et al. (2006) |
| Khachaturyan +1 other reference |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Mederer et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
Australia | |
| Haddock (1974) |
| Sahlström et al. (2016) +1 other reference |
| Nenke (1972) |
Austria | |
| Kolitsch et al. (2017) |
| Huber et al. (1977) +1 other reference |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) | |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) |
| C.Auer (2016) |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) +1 other reference |
| Putz et al. (2007) |
| C.Auer (2021) | |
| Lapis 19 (7/8) |
Azerbaijan | |
| - (2005) |
| Hemon et al. (2012) |
Bolivia | |
| Gramaccioli +1 other reference |
| Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998) |
Bulgaria | |
| Tarkian +1 other reference |
| American Mineralogist (1966) +3 other references |
Chile | |
| Zentilli (2018) |
| samples analysed and confirmed by Dr. ... | |
| "Faja de mineralización de oro +2 other references |
| Econ Geol (1985) +1 other reference |
China | |
| Licheng Tang (1993) |
| Zheng et al. (2020) |
Czech Republic | |
| Lapis 2002 (7/8) |
Fiji | |
| Frenzel et al. (1967) |
| Naden +1 other reference |
France | |
| Uwe Kolitsch (based on SEM-EDS data, colour, paragenesis) |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| Pélisson (1989) |
| Hohh (1994) |
| P. Cantinolle et al. +1 other reference |
| |
| M. Munoz (Sb-Pb-Zn-...) |
| inventoire mineralogique de la france ... |
| R. Pierrot |
| R. Pierrot |
| R. Pierrot |
Germany | |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Fricke (1988) +1 other reference |
| Walenta (1992) |
| |
| |
| Walenta (1992) | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| undefined +2 other references |
| Collection of Steffen Michalski |
| Lapis (10) | |
| Schnorrer-Köhler (1986) +1 other reference |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Lapis (5) |
| Thomas Kleser Collection |
Greece | |
| Voudouris et al. (2008) |
| Skarpelis (1999) |
| Voudouris (2006) +3 other references | |
| Marchev et al. (2005) +2 other references | |
| Marchev et al. (2005) |
| Bonev et al. (2005) +2 other references |
Hungary | |
| Takács +2 other references |
| FOLDESSY | |
| Szakáll et al. (2011) | |
India | |
| Tripathi et al. (2022) |
Indonesia | |
| Ian A Taylor (2011) |
| Schwartz (1991) |
| Maryono et al. (2018) |
| Perelló (1994) |
| Mineralium Deposita (2005) |
| Saing et al. (2016) |
| doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13179.41767 +1 other reference |
| Hakim (2017) | |
| Tun et al. (2015) |
| Kieft et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
Iran | |
| Altenberger et al. (Ag-Au) |
Italy | |
| · Maletto et al. (2016) |
| G. P. Bernhardini et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
| Cadoni et al. (1) +1 other reference |
| Ruggieri et al. (1) | |
| Ruggieri et al. (1) | |
| Ruggieri et al. (1) | |
| Exel (1987) |
| Dill (1979) |
| Orlandi et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| Orlandi et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Orlandi et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
| Morino et al. (2016) |
| Bonaccorsi et al. (2007) |
| Orlandi et al. (2009) | |
| Orlandi et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
| Orlandi P. +1 other reference | |
| Orlandi et al. (2002) +2 other references | |
| Biagioni et al. (2019) | |
| Minniti et al. (1984) |
Japan | |
| Economic Geology +5 other references |
| Economic Geology +4 other references | |
| Ishibashi (1960) |
| Imai et al. (1999) +1 other reference |
| Gramaccioli +5 other references | |
| Shimizu et al. (1999) |
| Yuningsih et al. (2018) +1 other reference | |
| Economic Geology +4 other references |
| ... |
| ... +3 other references |
| Nakata et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
| M. Watanabe (1951) |
| Maki et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
Kazakhstan | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Gramaccioli +3 other references |
Malaysia | |
| Caisheng Zhao et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
Mexico | |
| Megaw (2023) |
| Gramaccioli |
Morocco | |
| Benchekroun et al. (2004) |
| Ilmen et al. (2024) |
Namibia | |
| Gebhard (1999) |
North Macedonia | |
| Serafimovski et al. (2015) +1 other reference |
| Serafimovski et al. (2003) +2 other references |
| Serafimovski et al. (2006) | |
| Serafimovski et al. (2005) | |
| Petrunov et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Serafimovski et al. (2016) | |
Pacific Ocean | |
| Tuomo Törmänen (2005) |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Espi et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
Peru | |
| IMAI (1999) |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Biagioni et al. (2022) |
| Gibson (1992) |
| Davies et al. (2005) |
| B. Duval et al. (Philip C. Goodell analysis) |
| Min.Rec. 28 (1997) |
| Gebhard +2 other references |
| Graton +1 other reference |
| Michael W. Kieron collection | |
| P Ramdohr | |
| Bendezú et al. (2009) |
| Economic Geology November 2009 vol. 104 ... +1 other reference | |
| Dubé et al. (2014) | |
Philippines | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Berg- und Hüttenmänn. Ztg. (1869) +5 other references |
| Fermor 2011: Ore Deposits in an ... | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
Poland | |
| Mochnacka et al. (2012) |
| Zimnoch (1978) |
| Chmielewski et al. (2016) | |
| Piestrzyński et al. (2012) | |
| Kucha H. 2007: Mineralogia kruszcowa i ... |
Romania | |
| Cioacă et al. (2014) |
| Mineralium Deposita (2004) +1 other reference |
| Canadian Mineralogist 40:1693-1703. | |
| Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 40 (2002) +1 other reference |
| Dincă et al. (2022) |
Russia | |
| Potseluev et al. (2006) |
| Pekov (1998) |
| Yakich et al. (2021) |
| Плутахина |
| Shapovalova et al. (2019) +1 other reference | |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] +2 other references |
| Jambor et al. (1994) +1 other reference |
| Simanenko (2006) |
| L.M. Lebedev data |
Serbia | |
| Drovenik (1958) |
| Albrecht von Quadt et al. (2007) |
| Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002) +2 other references |
Slovakia | |
| Ďuďa R. et al. (Schemnitz) |
| Hoppanová et al. (2023) |
| Kozub G. et al. (2011) |
| Kozub et al. (2011) | |
| Duda et. all. |
| Ďuďa R. (2001) | |
Slovenia | |
| Albrecht von Quadt et al. (2007) |
Spain | |
| Joan Rosell |
Taiwan | |
| Huang (1965) +2 other references |
| James K.C.Huang Collection +4 other references | |
| Chemical Geology 154 1999. 155–167 | |
Tajikistan | |
| Badalov et al. (1975) |
Tunisia | |
| Slim-Shimi et al. (1996) |
Turkey | |
| ÇAĞATAY et al. (1990) |
| ÇAĞATAY et al. (1990) | |
| www.odysseyresources.com (2003) |
UK | |
| Grguric et al. (2021) |
| [J.Russell Soc. 1998:41] |
| National Museum of Wales database +1 other reference |
USA | |
| - (2008) |
| USGS OFR 2003-404 (Hudson,2003) +1 other reference | |
| - (2008) | |
| - (2008) | |
| - (2008) | |
| Graeme (1993) |
| Graeme (1993) +1 other reference |
| Kyle Beucke Collection |
| Calif. Journal of Mines and Geology +1 other reference |
| Kampf et al. (2018) |
| - (2005) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 136. +3 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Econ Geol (1986) +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Econ Geol (1986) +1 other reference |
| Econ Geol (1986) | |
| Econ Geol (1986) +1 other reference | |
| Singewald +2 other references |
| Bove |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Holmes et al. (1983) |
| Gray (1993) |
| TSURUOKA et al. (2016) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Lapis 17 (1) |
| U.S. Geol. Survey | |
| Mcknight et al. (1970) |
| Rocks & Min. Mar. 1998 |
| Sherwood et al. (1998) |
| Gobla (2012) |
| The Mineralogy of The Butte District +1 other reference |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Econ Geol (1989) |
| Econ Geol (1989) | |
| Econ Geol (1989) | |
| Econ Geol (1989) | |
| Econ Geol (1989) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Wallace et al. (1975) | |
| ... |
| Rocks & Min. +1 other reference | |
| Econ Geol (1986) |
| Bullock (1981) |
| Bullock (1981) | |
| SEM-EDS analyzed by Dr. Rob Bowell. | |
Uzbekistan | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) +2 other references |
| Evseev (1995) +2 other references |
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Chinkuashih mine, Ruifang District, New Taipei City, Taiwan