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BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Apis (Synapis) ✝

Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)179992https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=179992
Ranksubgenus (PBDB)
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apidae : Apis : Apis (Synapis)
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Ecdysozoa
-Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
subphylumMandibulata
-Pancrustacea
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
-CercofilataKukalová-Peck 1987
classInsectaLinnaeus 1758
-Dicondylia
-ParanotaliaSroka et al. 2014
subclassPterygotaBrauer 1885
-NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
-Holometabola
orderHymenopteraLinnaeus 1758
-UnicalcaridaSchulmeister et al. 2002
suborderVespina
suborderApocritaGerstaecker 1867
-Aculeata
superfamilyApoideaLatreille 1802
-AnthophilaLatreille 1804
familyApidaeLatreille 1802
subfamilyApinaeLatreille 1802
-ApitiLatreille 1802
-CorbiculataShuckard 1866
tribeApiniLatreille 1802
genusApisLinnaeus 1758
subgenusApis (Synapis)Cockerell 1907
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Apis (Synapis)subgenusbelongs to Apisstated with evidenceCockerell, 1907
Apis (Synapis)genusbelongs to Apidaestated with evidenceŘíha, 1973
Apis (Synapis)subgenusbelongs to Apisstated with evidenceZeuner and Manning, 1976
Apis (Synapis)genussubjective synonym of Apisstated with evidenceEngel, 1998
Apis (Synapis)subgenusbelongs to Apisstated with evidenceEngel, 1999
Apis (Synapis)genussubjective synonym of Apisstated with evidenceEngel et al., 2009
Apis (Synapis)subgenusbelongs to Apisstated with evidenceEngel and Wappler, 2018
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)5
First Recorded Appearance28.4 - 23.0 Ma
Cenozoic
Last Recorded Appearance16.0 - 11.6 Ma
Miocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Insecta)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Arthropoda)
Taphonomychitin (based on Insecta)
Primary Reference (PBDB)T. D. A. Cockerell. 1907. A fossil honey-bee. The Entomologist 40:227-229

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Apis (Synapis) cuenoti
species
listed (PBDB)128.1 Ma
Oligocene
28.1 Ma
Oligocene
Apis (Synapis) dalica
species
listed (PBDB)116.0 Ma
Miocene
16.0 Ma
Miocene
Apis (Synapis) henshawi
species
listed (PBDB)Henshaw's Honey Bee928.4 Ma
Oligocene
23.0 Ma
Miocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1907Apis (Synapis) Cockerell p. 229
1908Apis (Synapis) Cockerell p. 326
1973Synapis ?íha p. 218
1976Apis (Synapis) Zeuner and Manning p. 240
1999Apis (Synapis) Engel p. 187
1999Apis (Synapis) Nel et al. p. 245
2018Apis (Synapis) Engel and Wappler p. 121

References

Cockerell T. D. A. (1907) A fossil honey-bee, The Entomologist 40, 227-229
Cockerell T. D. A. (1908) Descriptions and records of bees. XX, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Eighth Series 2, 323-334
Říha P. (1973) Synapis petrefacta sp. n., eine neue Bienenart aus dem Tertiär des Böhmischen Mittelgebirges, Vĕstnik Ústředniho Ústavu Geologického 48, 217-220
Zeuner F. E., Manning F. J. (1976) A Monograph on Fossil Bees: Apoidea, Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology) 27 3, 151-264
Nel A., Martínez-Delclòs X., et al (1999) A review of the European fossil species of the bee Apis, Palaeontology 42, 243-285
Engel M. S., Wappler T. (2018) Taxonomic names, in A primitive honey bee from the Middle Miocene deposits of southeastern Yunnan, China (Hymenoptera, Apidae), ZooKeys 775, 117-129
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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