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Apis

Photos

Photo Gallery

Description

Apis or APIS may refer to:

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apis, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	7799978	https://www.gbif.org/species/7799978
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	70716	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=70716

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apidae : Apis

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hymenoptera : Apidae : Apis

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
superclass	Hexapoda	Latreille 1825
-	Cercofilata	Kukalová-Peck 1987
class	Insecta	Linnaeus 1758
-	Dicondylia
-	Paranotalia	Sroka et al. 2014
subclass	Pterygota	Brauer 1885
-	Neopterygota	Crampton 1924
infraclass	Neoptera	Martynov 1923
-	Holometabola
order	Hymenoptera	Linnaeus 1758
-	Unicalcarida	Schulmeister et al. 2002
suborder	Vespina
suborder	Apocrita	Gerstaecker 1867
-	Aculeata
superfamily	Apoidea	Latreille 1802
-	Anthophila	Latreille 1804
family	Apidae	Latreille 1802
subfamily	Apinae	Latreille 1802
-	Apiti	Latreille 1802
-	Corbiculata	Shuckard 1866
tribe	Apini	Latreille 1802
genus	Apis	Fabricius

Common Name

honey bee

Scientific Name

Apis Fabricius

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Apis	genus	belongs to Hymenoptera	stated with evidence	Linnaeus, 1758
Apis	genus	belongs to Insecta	stated with evidence	Geoffroy, 1762
Apis	genus	belongs to Aculeata	stated with evidence	Scopoli, 1763
Apis	genus	belongs to Hymenoptera	stated with evidence	Müller, 1764
Apis	genus	belongs to Gymnoptera	stated with evidence	Schaeffer, 1766
Apis	genus	belongs to Hymenoptera	stated with evidence	Linnaeus, 1767
Apis	genus	belongs to Synistata	stated with evidence	Fabricius, 1775
Apis	genus	belongs to Hymenoptera	stated with evidence	Müller, 1776
Apis	genus	belongs to Piezata	stated with evidence	Fabricius, 1798
Apis	genus	belongs to Apes	stated with evidence	Latreille, 1802
Apis	genus	belongs to Apinae	stated without evidence	Cockerell, 1908
Apis	genus	belongs to Apinae	stated with evidence	Theobald, 1937
Apis	genus	belongs to Apini	stated with evidence	Zeuner and Manning, 1976
Apis	genus	belongs to Apidae	stated without evidence	Hong, 1983
Apis	genus	belongs to Apini	stated with evidence	Engel et al., 2009

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

2 (15%)

First Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 28.1 Ma
Oligocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Insecta)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Arthropoda)

Taphonomy

chitin (based on Insecta)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

C. Linnaeus. 1758. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1:1-824

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apis

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Apis (Synapis) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		11	28.4 Ma Oligocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Apis (Apis) armbrusteri ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	Armbruster's Honey Bee
Apis (Apis) melisuga ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	7.25 Ma Miocene	7.25 Ma Miocene
Apis (Apis) mellifera species	listed (PBDB)	Western Honey Bee			0 Ma Extant
Apis (Cascapis) nearctica ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	16.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Apis andreniformis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis armbrusteri ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Armbruster's Honey Bee	17	16.0 Ma Miocene	12.7 Ma Miocene
Apis cerana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis dimidiata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis dorsata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis florea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis indica species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis koschevnikovi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis laboriosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis lithohermaea ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	16.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Apis longitibia ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Long-legged Honey Bee	1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Apis mellifera species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Western Honey Bee	1	0.01 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Apis miocenica ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Chinese Miocene Honey Bee	4	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Apis nigrocincta species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis nuluensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis perrottetii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis petrefacta ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	Petrified Honey Bee	1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Apis pilipes species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis proava species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis testacea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Apis vetusta ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	28.4 Ma Oligocene	28.4 Ma Oligocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1758	Apis (Apis) Linnaeus
1758	Apis Linnaeus p. 574
1759	Apis Schreber p. 14
1761	Apis Linnaeus p. 419
1762	Apis Geoffroy p. 385
1763	Apis Scopoli p. 298
1764	Apis Müller p. 74
1766	Apis Schaeffer
1767	Apis Linnaeus p. 953
1770	Apis Drury
1771	Apis Forster p. 91
1775	Apis Fabricius p. 378
1776	Apis Müller p. 163
1780	Apis Harris p. 130

Year	Name and Author
1796	Apis Latreille p. 138
1798	Apis Fabricius p. 273
1802	Apis Latreille p. 386
1908	Apis Cockerell p. 327
1937	Apis Theobald p. 401
1938	Hauffapis Armbruster p. 43
1976	Apis Zeuner and Manning p. 239
1976	Apis (Apis) Zeuner and Manning p. 243
1983	Apis Hong p. 10
1992	Apis Carpenter
1999	Apis (Cascapis) Engel p. 187
1999	Apis (Priorapis) Engel p. 188
2009	Apis Engel et al. p. 25
2018	Apis Engel and Wappler p. 121

References

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Decima 1, 1-824 doi:10.5962/bhl.title.542

Schreber J. C. D. , Novae Species Insectorum, 1-16

Linnaeus C. , Fauna Svecica: Sistens Animalia Sveciae Regni: Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, Distributa per Classes & Ordines, Genera & Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, Descriptionibus Insectorum, 1-578

Geoffroy E. L. , Histoire Abregée des Insectes qui se Trouvent aux Environs de Paris, Tome Second, 1-690

Scopoli G. A. , Entomologica Carniolica Exhibens Insecta Carnioliae Indigena et Distributa in Ordines, Genera, Species, Varietates Methodo Linnaeana, 1-421

Müller O. F. , Fauna Insectorum Fridrichsdalina, Sive Methodica Descriptio Insectorum Agri Fridrichsdalensis, cum Characteribus Genericis et Specificis, Nominibus Trivialibus, Locis Natalibus, Iconibus Allegatis, Novisque Pluribus Speciebus Additis, 1-96

Linnaeus C. , Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Editio Duodecima 1 2, 533-1327

Drury D. , Illustrations of Natural History. Wherein are Exhibited Upwards of Two Hundred and Forty Figures of Exotic Insects, According to Their Different Genera; Very Few of Which Have Hitherto Been Figured by any Author, Being Engraved and Coloured from Nature, with the Greatest Accuracy, and Under the Author's Own Inspection, on Fifty Copper-Plates. With a Particular Description of each Insect: Interspersed with Remarks and Reflections on the Nature and Properties of Many of Them 1, 1-130

Forster J. R. , Novae Species Insectorum. Centuria I, 1-100

Fabricius J. C. , Systema Entomologiae, Sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus, 1-832

Müller O. F. , Zoologicae Danicae Prodromus, seu Animalium Daniae et Norvegiae Indigenarum. Characteres, Nomina et Synonyma Imprimis Popularium, 1-281

Harris M. , An Exposition of English Insects, Including the Several Classes of Neuroptera, Hymenoptera, & Diptera, or Bees, Flies, & Libellulae, 73-166

Latreille P. A. , Précis des Caractères Génériques des Insectes Disposés dans un Ordre Naturel, 1-201

Fabricius J. C. , Supplementum Entomologiae Systematicae, 1-572

Latreille P. A. , Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième, 1-467

Cockerell T. D. A. (1908) Descriptions and records of bees. XX, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Eighth Series 2, 323-334

Theobald N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocènes de France, Bulletin Mensuel (Mémoires) de la Société des Sciences de Nancy 1, 1-473

Armbruster L. (1938) Versteinerte Honigbienen aus dem obermiocänen Randecker Maar, Archiv für Bienenkunde 19, 1-48

Zeuner F. E., Manning F. J. (1976) A Monograph on Fossil Bees: Apoidea, Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Geology) 27 3, 151-264

Hong Y. C. (1983) Fossil insects in the diatoms of Shanwang, Bulletin of the Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources 8, 1-15

Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655

Engel M. S., Hinojosa-Díaz I. A., et al (2009) A honey bee from the Miocene of Nevada and the biogeography of Apis (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apini), Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 60 3, 23-38

Engel M. S., Wappler T. (2018) Taxonomic names, in A primitive honey bee from the Middle Miocene deposits of southeastern Yunnan, China (Hymenoptera, Apidae), ZooKeys 775, 117-129

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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