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Mephitidae

Description

Mephitidae is a family of mammals comprising the skunks and stink badgers. They are noted for the great development of their anal scent glands, which they use to deter predators.


From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mephitidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.
Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)9679https://www.gbif.org/species/9679
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)104743https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=104743
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
-LaurasiatheriaWaddell et al. 1999
-ScrotiferaWaddell et al. 1999
-FeraeLinnaeus 1758
-CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
-CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
orderCarnivoraBowditch 1821
superfamilyArctoideaFlower 1869
-MustelidaTedford 1976
familyMephitidaeBonaparte 1845
Common Nameskunk
Scientific NameMephitidae
Name Published InCat. Meth. Mamm. Europe p.1
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Mephitidaefamilybelongs to Arctoideastated without evidenceWang and Carranza-Castaneda, 2008
Mephitidaefamilybelongs to Mustelidastated without evidenceWang et al., 2014
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)14
Extant Size (PBDB)7 (50%)
First Recorded Appearance4.90 - 2.59 Ma
Cenozoic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietcarnivore, omnivore (based on Carnivora)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. Marmi, J. F. López-Giráldez, and X. Domingo-Roura. 2004. Phylogeny, evolutionary history and taxonomy of the Mustelidae based on sequences of the cytochrome b gene and a complex repetitive flanking region. Zoologica Scripta 33(6):481-499
Common Name(s) Skunks, Skunkar, Stinkdjur, Skunk
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mephitidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Conepatus
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		Hog-nosed Skunk2423.0 Ma
Miocene		0 Ma
Extant
Mephitis
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		504.90 Ma
Pliocene		0 Ma
Extant
Miomephitis ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Mydaus
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		0 Ma
Extant
Spilogale
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		634.90 Ma
Pliocene		0 Ma
Extant

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1845Mephitidae Bonaparte
2008Mephitidae Wang and Carranza-Castaneda p. 388
2014Mephitidae Wang et al. p. 292

References

Marmi J., López-Giráldez J. F., et al (2004) Phylogeny, evolutionary history and taxonomy of the Mustelidae based on sequences of the cytochrome b gene and a complex repetitive flanking region, Zoologica Scripta 33 6, 481-499
Wang X., Carranza-Castaneda O. (2008) Earliest hog-nosed skunk, Conepatus (Mephitidae, Carnivora), from the early Pliocene of Guanajuato, Mexico and origin of South American skunks, Zoological Journal Of The Linnean Society 154 2, 396-407 doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00411.x
Wang X., Carranza-Castaneda O., et al (2014) A transitional skunk, Buisnictis metabatos sp nov (Mephitidae, Carnivora), from Baja California Sur and the role of southern refugia in skunk evolution, Journal Of Systematic Palaeontology 12 3, 291-302 doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.776647
web search (AJR) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Aronsson, M. (2016) Exceldokument: Främmande arter grunddata.xls Skapat 2016-10-25 - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
CoL2006/ITIS - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Roskov, Y. et al. (2017) Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 30th July 2015. Digital resource at www.catalogueoflife.org/col. Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858. http://www.catalogueoflife.org - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
CoL2006/ITIS, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and Sue Ruff, eds., 1999: null. The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals. xxv + 750. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
Quick NavTopExternal ImagesFossil DistributionSubtaxaSynonymy ListReferences
 
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