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Spilogale

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Description

The genus Spilogale includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four extant species: S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, and S. angustifrons.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spilogale, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2434820	https://www.gbif.org/species/2434820
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	41171	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=41171

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Mephitidae : Spilogale

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Laurasiatheria	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Scrotifera	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Ferae	Linnaeus 1758
-	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
-	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora	Bowditch 1821
superfamily	Arctoidea	Flower 1869
-	Mustelida	Tedford 1976
family	Mephitidae	Bonaparte 1845
genus	Spilogale	Gray 1865

Scientific Name

Spilogale Gray, 1865

Name Published In

Gray, John E. 1865. Revision of the genera and species of Mustelidae contained in the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1865: 100-154.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Mustelidae	stated without evidence	Gray, 1865
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Mephitinae	stated with evidence	Allen, 1901
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Melinae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Mustelidae	stated without evidence	Hibbard, 1955
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Mephitinae	stated without evidence	Kurten and Anderson, 1980
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Mustelidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Mephitini	stated with evidence	Baskin, 1998
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Mephitidae	stated with evidence	Marmi et al., 2004
Spilogale	genus	belongs to Mephitini	stated without evidence	Wang et al., 2005

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

3 (60%)

First Recorded Appearance

4.90 - 2.59 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore, omnivore (based on Carnivora)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. Alroy. 2002. Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals.

Common Name(s)

Spotted Skunks

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spilogale

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Spilogale angustifrons species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Spilogale gracilis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Spilogale microdens species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	4.90 Ma Pliocene	4.90 Ma Pliocene
Spilogale putorius species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Eastern Spotted Skunk	51	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Spilogale pygmaea species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Spilogale rexroadi species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		4	4.90 Ma Pliocene	4.90 Ma Pliocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1865	Spilogale Gray
1901	Spilogale Allen p. 332
1902	Spilogale Hay p. 766
1955	Spilogale Hibbard p. 220
1980	Spilogale Kurten and Anderson p. 162
1988	Spilogale Carroll
1998	Spilogale Baskin p. 160
2004	Spilogale Marmi et al. p. 491
2005	Spilogale Wang et al. p. 937

References

Alroy J. (2002) Synonymies and reidentifications of North American fossil mammals

Allen J. A. (1901) The generic names of the Mephitinae, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 14 22, 325-334

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Hibbard C. W. (1955) The Jinglebob Interglacial (Sangamon?) Fauna from Kansas and its Climatic Significance 12 10, 179-228

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Baskin J. A. (1998) Mustelidae, Evolution of Tertiary mammals of North America, 152-173

Marmi J., López-Giráldez J. F., et al (2004) Phylogeny, evolutionary history and taxonomy of the Mustelidae based on sequences of the cytochrome b gene and a complex repetitive flanking region, Zoologica Scripta 33 6, 481-499

Wang X., Whistler D. P., et al (2005) A New Basal Skunk Martinogale (Carnivora, Mephitinae) From Late Miocene Dove Spring Formation, California, and Origin of New World Mephitines, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25 4, 936-949 doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0936:ANBSMC]2.0.CO;2

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family (except Lontra, Enhydra) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and Sue Ruff, eds., 1999: null. The Smithsonian Book of North American Mammals. xxv + 750. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 384 Addition to the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology of the names of fifty-two genera of the order Carnivora (class Mammalia) including twenty-nine from which have been reported Parasites common to man.Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 12(5), 71-190 (1956) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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