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Parasuchus ✝

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Description

Parasuchus is an extinct genus of phytosaur known from the Late Triassic (late Carnian to early Norian stage) of Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, India. It contains a single species, Parasuchus hislopi (though see below).

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasuchus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	7954896	https://www.gbif.org/species/7954896
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	38298	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38298

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Thecodontia : Parasuchidae : Parasuchus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Eosuchia : Parasuchidae : Parasuchus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
-	Pseudosuchia
-	Phytosauria
family	Parasuchidae	Lydekker 1885
genus	Parasuchus	Lydekker 1885

Scientific Name

Parasuchus Lydekker, 1885

Name Published In

Palaeontologia Indica, (4)1(5): 22

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Parasuchus	genus	belongs to Mystriosuchidea	stated without evidence	Huene, 1922
Parasuchus	genus	belongs to Parasuchinae	stated with evidence	Chatterjee, 1978
Parasuchus	genus	belongs to Phytosauridae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Parasuchus	genus	belongs to Parasuchia	stated without evidence	Sereno, 1991
Parasuchus	genus	nomen dubium Parasuchia	stated with evidence	Long and Murry, 1995
Parasuchus	genus	belongs to Phytosauria	stated with evidence	Nesbitt, 2011
Parasuchus	genus	belongs to Parasuchidae	stated with evidence	Kammerer et al., 2016

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

251 - 247 Ma
Early/Lower Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

228 - 209 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Diapsida)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasuchus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Francosuchus angustifrons species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paleorhinus ehlersi ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Paleorhinus magnoculus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Paleorhinus parvus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Paleorhinus sawini ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Parasuchus angustifrons ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Paleorhinus bransoni ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	237 Ma Middle Triassic	228 Ma Late/Upper Triassic
Parasuchus hislopi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Parasuchus magnoculus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	237 Ma Middle Triassic	237 Ma Middle Triassic
Promystriosuchus ehlersi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Palaeorhinus Williston, 1904	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Thecodontia : Parasuchidae : *Palaeorhinus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1885	Parasuchus Lydekker
1904	Paleorhinus Williston p. 696 fig. 6
1910	Mesorhinus Jaekel
1910	Mesorhinus fraasi Jaekel p. 219
1917	Mesorhinus Watson p. 179
1917	Paleorhinus Watson p. 179
1922	Paleorhinus Case p. 55
1922	Mesorhinus Huene p. 23
1922	Palaeorhinus Huene p. 23
1922	Parasuchus Huene p. 23
1961	Mesorhinosuchus Kuhn
1961	Mesorhinosuchus fraasi Kuhn
1964	Paleorhinus Kuhn p. 319
1964	Mesorhinosuchus Kuhn p. 324
1966	Mesorhinosuchus Kuhn p. 81
1971	Mesorhinosuchus Kuhn p. 14

Year	Name and Author
1971	Mesorhinosuchus fraasi Kuhn p. 14
1971	Paleorhinus Kuhn p. 14
1978	Parasuchus Chatterjee
1988	Parasuchus Carroll
1991	Paleorhinus Hunt and Lucas pp. 488-489
1991	Parasuchus Sereno p. 15
1995	Arganarhinus Long and Murry
1995	Paleorhinus Long and Murry
1995	Arganarhinus Long and Murry p. 38
2005	Paleorhinus Irmis p. 72
2010	Paleorhinus Stocker p. supplement
2011	Parasuchus Nesbitt p. 193 fig. 51
2013	Paleorhinus Stocker and Butler
2013	Parasuchus Stocker and Butler
2016	Parasuchus Kammerer et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Jaekel O. (1910) Ueber einen neuen Belodonten aus dem Buntsandstein von Bernburg [On a new belodontid from the Buntsandstein of Bernburg], Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1910 5, 197-229

Case E. C. (1922) New reptiles and stegocephalians from the Upper Triassic of western Texas, Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication 221, 1-84

Huene F. v. (1922) The Triassic reptilian order Thecodontia, The American Journal of Science, series 5 4, 22-26

Kuhn O. (1964) Ungelöste Probleme der Stammesgeschichte der Amphibien und Reptilien [Unsolved problems of the phylogeny of amphibians and reptiles], Jahreshefte des Vereins für vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 118/119, 293-325

Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154

Kuhn O. (1971) , Die Saurier der deutschen Trias [Reptiles of the German Triassic], 1-105

Chatterjee S. (1978) A primitive parasuchid (Phytosaur) reptile from the Upper Triassic Maleri Formation of India, Palaeontology 21 1, 83-127

Hunt A. P., Lucas S. G. (1991) The Paleorhinus biochron and the correlation of the non-marine Upper Triassic of Pangaea, Palaeontology 34 2, 487-501

Sereno P. C. (1991) Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 2 11 4, suppl., 1-53

Long R. A., Murry P. A. (1995) Late Triassic (Carnian and Norian) tetrapods from the southwestern United States, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 4, 1-254

Irmis R. B. (2005) The vertebrate fauna of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation in northern Arizona, In S. J. Nesbitt, W. G. Parker, & R. B. Irmis (eds.), Guidebook to the Triassic Formations of the Colorado Plateau in Northern Arizona: Geology, Paleontology, and History. Mesa Southwest Museum Bulletin 9, 63-88

Stocker M. R. (2010) A new taxon of phytosaur (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from the Late Triassic (Norian) Sonsela Member (Chinle Formation) in Arizona, and a critical reevaluation of Leptosuchus Case, 1922, Palaeontology 53, 997-1022

Nesbitt S. J. (2011) The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 353, 1-292

Stocker M. R., Butler R. J. (2013) Phytosauria, Anatomy, Phylogeny and Palaeobiology of Early Archosaurs and their Kin. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 379

Kammerer C. F., Butler R. J., et al (2016) Relationships of the Indian phytosaur Parasuchus hislopi Lydekker, 1885, Papers in Palaeontology 2, 1-23

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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