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BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Nepidae

Description

Nepidae is a family of exclusively aquatic Heteropteran insects in the order Hemiptera. They are commonly called water scorpions for their superficial resemblance to scorpions, due to their raptorial forelegs and the presence of a long slender process at the posterior end of the abdomen, resembling a tail. There are 14 genera in the family, in two subfamilies, Nepinae and Ranatrinae. Members of the genus Ranatra, the most widespread and speciose genus, are sometimes called needle bugs or water stick insects as they are slenderer than Nepa.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)7892https://www.gbif.org/species/7892
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)71800https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=71800
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Nepidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-Bilateria
-EubilateriaAx 1987
-ProtostomiaGrobben 1908
-Ecdysozoa
-Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
subphylumMandibulata
-Pancrustacea
superclassHexapodaLatreille 1825
-CercofilataKukalová-Peck 1987
classInsectaLinnaeus 1758
-Dicondylia
-ParanotaliaSroka et al. 2014
subclassPterygotaBrauer 1885
-NeopterygotaCrampton 1924
infraclassNeopteraMartynov 1923
-ClareocercariaProkop et al. 2017
-Acercaria
superorderPancondylognathaYoshizawa and Leinhard 2016
-CondylognathaBörner 1904
orderHemipteraLinnaeus 1758
suborderHeteropteraLatreille 1810
infraorderNepomorphaPopov 1971
superfamilyNepoideaLatreille 1802
familyNepidaeLatreille 1802
Scientific NameNepidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Nepidaefamilybelongs to Nepoideastated with evidencePopov, 1971
Nepidaefamilybelongs to Heteropterastated without evidenceZhang, 1989
Nepidaefamilybelongs to Nepoideastated with evidenceNel and Paicheler, 1992
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)12
Extant Size (PBDB)9 (75%)
First Recorded Appearance38.0 - 33.9 Ma
Paleogene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Insecta)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Arthropoda)
Taphonomychitin (based on Insecta)
Primary Reference (PBDB)P. A. Latreille. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième
Common Name(s) Water Scorpions, Waterscorpions, Vattenskorpioner
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Nepinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)538.0 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Ranatrinae
subfamily
listed (PBDB)420.4 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Austronepa
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Borborophilus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Borborophyes
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Cercotmetus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Curicta
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Goondnomdanepa
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Laccotrephes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
220.4 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Montonepa
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Nepa
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
338.0 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Nepella
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Nepitella
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Paranepa
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Ranatra
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Telmatotrephes
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Coroides xiejiaheense Hong, 1983GBIFspeciesAnimalia : Arthropoda : Insecta : Hemiptera : Nepidae : Coroides xiejiaheense

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1802Nepariae Latreille p. 252
1971Nepidae Popov
1983Coroides Hong p. 2
1983Coroides xiejiaheense Hong p. 2 figs. Pl 3, fig 8
1989Nepidae Zhang p. 71
1992Nepidae Nel and Paicheler p. 159
2018Nepidae Szwedo p. 112
YearName and Author
1802Nepariae Latreille p. 252
1971Nepidae Popov
1983Coroides Hong p. 2
1983Coroides xiejiaheense Hong p. 2 figs. Pl 3, fig 8
1989Nepidae Zhang p. 71
1992Nepidae Nel and Paicheler p. 159
2018Nepidae Szwedo p. 112

References

Latreille P. A. , Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Crustacés et des Insectes, Tome Troisième, 1-467
Popov Y. A. (1971) Historical development of the infraorder Nepomorpha (Heteroptera), Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Trudy Paleontologicheskogo Instituta 129, 1-228
Hong Y. C. (1983) Fossil insects in the diatoms of Shanwang, Bulletin of the Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources 8, 1-15
Zhang J. F. (1989) , Fossil Insects From Shanwang, Shandong, China, 1-459
Nel A., Paicheler J. C. (1992) Les Heteroptera aquatiques fossiles, état actuel des connaissances (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha et Gerromorpha), Entomologica Gallica 3, 159-182
Szwedo J. (2018) The unity, diversity and conformity of bugs (Hemiptera) through time, Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 107, 109-128
Jansson, A. (1996) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)
Nieser, N. (1982) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)
Tempelman, D. et Van Haaren, T (2009) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)
Savage, A.A. (1989) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)
Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Brands, S.J. (comp.) (2014) The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. [http://taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl/]. 1989-present. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Henry, Thomas J., and Richard C. Froeschner, eds., 1988: null. Catalog of the Heteroptera, or True Bugs, of Canada and the Continental United States. xix + 958. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
McGavin, George C., 1993: null. Bugs of the World. 192. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Henry, Thomas J. / Foottit, Robert G., and Peter H. Adler, eds., 2009: Chapter 10. Biodiversity of Heteroptera. Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society. 223-263. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Coulianos C-C (2016) "Word document ""Carl.doc"", with updated checklist of Swedish Heteroptera, sent to Anna Lejfelt-Sahlén on 2016-05-17." - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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