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Echinidae

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Description

Echinidae is a family of sea urchins in the order Echinoida. Members of the family are found in the Atlantic Ocean and the Antarctic.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	5597	https://www.gbif.org/species/5597
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	87424	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=87424

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Camarodonta : Echinidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Camarodonta : Echinidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata	Klein 1754
subphylum	Echinozoa	von Zittel 1895
class	Echinoidea
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
-	Echinacea
order	Camarodonta	Jackson 1912
infraorder	Echinidea
family	Echinidae	Gray 1825

Scientific Name

Echinidae

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Echinidae	family	belongs to Camarodonta	stated without evidence	Grant and Hertlein, 1938
Echinidae	family	belongs to Echinoida	stated without evidence	Fell and Pawson, 1966
Echinidae	family	belongs to Echinidea	stated with evidence	Kroh and Smith, 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

11 (39%)

First Recorded Appearance

247 - 242 Ma
Triassic

Environment

marine (based on Echinodermata)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Echinoidea)

Vision

limited (based on Echinoidea)

Diet

grazer, deposit feeder (based on Echinoidea)

Reproduction

dispersal=water,planktonic (based on Echinodermata)

Ontogeny

accretion,addition of parts (based on Echinodermata)

Taphonomy

high Mg calcite (based on Echinoidea)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. E. Gray. 1825. An attempt to divide the Echinida, or Sea Eggs, into natural families. Annals of Philosophy, new series 10:423-431

Common Name(s)

Taggsjöborrar, ホンウニ

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Anapesus ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	2.59 Ma Pleistocene
Atactus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Dermechinus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Echinus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		9	247 Ma Early/Lower Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Gracilechinus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	11.6 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Hypechinus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	55.8 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Isechinus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	55.8 Ma Eocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Paracentrotus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Polyechinus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Psammechinus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		49	140 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Sterechinus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Stirechinus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1825	Echinidae Gray
1938	Echinidae Grant and Hertlein p. 22
1966	Echinidae Fell and Pawson p. U431
1995	Echinidae Chiesa et al. p. 61
2009	Echinidae Smith
2010	Echinidae Kroh and Smith p. 171

References

Gray J. E. An attempt to divide the Echinida, or Sea Eggs, into natural families, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 423-431

Grant U. S., Hertlein L. G. (1938) The West American Cenozoic Echinoidea, Publications of the University of California at Los Angeles in Mathematical and Physical Sciences 2, 1-225

Fell H. B., Pawson D. L. (1966) Echinacea, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology,Part U Echinodermata 3. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas Press 2, U367-U440

Chiesa J.O., Parma S.G., et al (1995) Observaciones estratigraficas en el Paleogeno del noroeste de la Provincia de Santa Cruz (Republica Argentina). Parte II: Invertebrados marinos de la Formacion El Chacy (Eoceno), Provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina. Systematica y bioestratigrafia, Monografias de la Acadamia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas Y Naturales 11, 17-68

Smith A. B. (2009) Classification of the Echinoidea, Online database

Kroh A., Smith A. B. (2010) The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8 2, 147-212 doi:10.1080/14772011003603556

Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,. 50: pp. 336-351. - via World Register of Marine Species

Kroh, A. & Smith, A.B. (2010): The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8/2: 147-212. - via World Register of Marine Species

Smith, A.B. 2013. Key to the genera of Echinoida. In: Smith, A.B. & Kroh, A. (editors) The Echinoid Directory. World Wide Web electronic publication. - via World Register of Marine Species

Serafy, D. Keith, 1979: Echinoids (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Memoirs of the Hourglass Cruises, vol. V, pt. III. 1-120. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

WoRMS (2013) Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.eu/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Hansson, G, Samuelsson, Cedhagen & Strand (2013) Nationalnyckeln till Sveriges flora och fauna. Tagghudingar–svalgsträngsdjur. Echinodermata– Hemichordata. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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